Uvavanyo lwe-relayrelay Relay sisixhobo esiphambili semitha yombane ohlawulelwayo okrelekrele.Ubomi be-relay bumisela ubomi bemitha yombane kwinqanaba elithile.Ukusebenza kwesixhobo kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwemitha yombane ohlawulelwayo okrelekrele.Nangona kunjalo, baninzi abavelisi basekhaya nabangaphandle, abahluke kakhulu kwisikali semveliso, inqanaba lobugcisa kunye neeparitha zokusebenza.Ke ngoko, abavelisi beemitha zamandla kufuneka babe neseti yezixhobo zokubona ezigqibeleleyo xa bevavanya kwaye bekhetha iireyilayi ukuqinisekisa umgangatho weemitha zombane.Ngelo xesha, i-State Grid iphinde yomeleza ukufunyanwa kwesampuli yeeparamitha zokusebenza kwe-relay kwiimitha zombane ezihlakaniphile, ezifuna izixhobo zokubona ezihambelanayo ukujonga umgangatho weemitha zombane eziveliswa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo.Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokukhangela i-relay ayinayo into yokufumanisa enye kuphela, inkqubo yokufumanisa ayinakho ukuzenzekelayo, idatha yokufumanisa kufuneka iqhutywe kwaye ihlalutywe ngesandla, kwaye iziphumo zokufumanisa zineendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezobugcisa.Ngaphezu koko, ukubonwa okusebenzayo kuphantsi kwaye ukhuseleko alunakuqinisekiswa [7]. Kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, i-State Grid iye ngokuthe ngcembe ilungelelanisa iimfuno zobuchwepheshe zeemitha zombane, yaqulunqa imigangatho yoshishino efanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa, ezibeka phambili ubunzima bobugcisa. ukubhaqa iparamitha yokhutshelo, njengomthwalo kunye nokucima umthamo we-relay, ukutshintshela uvavanyo lweempawu, njl. Ngoko ke, kungxamisekile ukufunda isixhobo ukufezekisa ubhaqo olubanzi lweeparamitha zokwenziwa kwerelay [7]. uvavanyo, izinto zovavanyo zinokwahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini.Enye zizinto zokuvavanya ngaphandle komthwalo wangoku, njengexabiso lesenzo, ukuchasana noqhagamshelwano kunye nobomi bomatshini.Eyesibini inezinto zovavanyo lomthwalo wangoku, ezifana nombane woqhagamshelwano, ubomi bombane, umthamo omninzi.Ezona zinto zovavanyo zingundoqo zaziswa ngokufutshane ngolu hlobo lulandelayo :(1) ixabiso lesenzo.I-voltage efunekayo ekusebenzeni kwe-relay.(2) Ukuchasana noqhagamshelwano.Ixabiso lokumelana phakathi kwabafowunelwa ababini xa kuvalwe umbane.(3) Ubomi boomatshini.Amalungu omatshini kwimeko yokungabikho komonakalo, inani lamaxesha esenzo sokutshintshwa kwe-relay.(4) Umbane woqhagamshelwano.Xa uqhagamshelwano lombane luvaliwe, umbane othile wangoku usetyenziswa kwisiphaluka soqhagamshelwano lombane kunye nexabiso lombane phakathi kwabafowunelwa.(5) Ubomi bombane.Xa i-voltage elinganisiweyo isetyenziswa kuzo zombini iziphelo zekhoyili yokuqhubela phambili kunye nomthwalo olinganiselweyo ochasayo usetyenziswa kwiluphu yoqhagamshelwano, umjikelo ungaphantsi kwamaxesha angama-300 ngeyure kwaye umjikelo womsebenzi yi-1∶4, amaxesha okusebenza athembekileyo udluliselo.(6) Umthamo wokugcwala.Xa i-voltage elinganisiweyo isetyenziswe kuzo zombini iziphelo zekhoyili yokuqhuba i-relay kunye namaxesha angama-1.5 omthwalo olinganisiweyo usetyenziswa kwiluphu yoqhagamshelwano, amaxesha athembekileyo okusebenza kwe-relay anokuphunyezwa kwi-frequency yokusebenza (10±1) amaxesha/min. [7] .Iintlobo, umzekelo,, iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zodluliselo, zinokwahlulwa ngesantya sombane wegalelo, isantya sangoku, ukuhanjiswa kwexesha, ukuhanjiswa koxinzelelo, njl.njl., ngokomgaqo womsebenzi unokwahlulwa ube yi-electromagnetic. i-relay, i-induction type relays, i-relay yombane, i-electronic relay, njl., ngokwenjongo inokwahlulwa ibe yi-relay yolawulo, ukukhuselwa kwe-relay, njl.[8] Ingaba okanye hayi i-relay isekelwe kubukho okanye ukungabikho kwegalelo, i-relay ayisebenzi xa kungekho galelo, i-relay action xa kukho igalelo, njenge-intermediate relay, i-relay jikelele, i-relay yexesha, njl. ]I-relay yokulinganisa isekelwe kwinguqu yegalelo, igalelo lihlala likhona xa lisebenza, kuphela xa igalelo lifikelela kwixabiso elithile le-relay liya kusebenza, njenge-relay yangoku, i-voltage relay, i-thermal relay, i-speed relay, i-pressure relay, ulwelo lwenqanaba lolwelo, njl. njl. [8]I-relay yombane we-Schematic diagram ye-electromagnetic relay structure Uninzi lweereyiyi ezisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zolawulo zizizibuko zombane.I-Electromagnetic relay ineempawu zesakhiwo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza ngokulula kunye nokugcinwa, umthamo omncinci wokunxibelelana (ngokubanzi ngaphantsi kwe-SA), inani elikhulu labafowunelwa kwaye akukho manqaku aphambili kunye ancedisayo, akukho sixhobo sokucima i-arc, ubungakanani obuncinci, isenzo esikhawulezayo nesichanekileyo, ulawulo olubuthathaka, oluthembekileyo, njalo njalo.Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yokulawula i-low-voltage.Iireyilayi ze-electromagnetic ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka iireyilayi zangoku, ii-voltage relays, ii-intermediate relays kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhanjiswa ngokubanzi.[8]Ubume be-electromagnetic relay kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza uyafana ne-contactor, ubukhulu becala yenziwe yi-electromagnetic mechanism kunye noqhagamshelwano.Iireyilayi zombane zine-DC kunye ne-AC.I-voltage okanye yangoku yongezwa kuzo zombini iziphelo zekhoyili ukuvelisa amandla ombane wombane.Xa amandla e-electromagnetic emkhulu kunamandla asabela entwasahlobo, isikhali siyazotywa ukwenza abafowunelwa abaqhelekileyo abavulelekileyo nabaqhele ukuvaleka bahambe.Xa i-voltage okanye i-current ye-coil yehla okanye iyanyamalala, i-armature ikhutshwe kwaye umnxibelelwano usetyenzisiwe.[8]I-Thermal relay I-Thermal relay isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwizixhobo zombane (ingakumbi imoto) ukhuseleko lomthwalo ogqithisiweyo.I-Thermal relay luhlobo lomsebenzi usebenzisa umgaqo wokufudumeza wangoku wesixhobo sombane, ikufutshane nemoto ivumela ukugcwala kweempawu zeempawu zexesha eliguquguqukayo, ikakhulu esetyenziswa kunye ne-contactor, esetyenziselwa inqanaba lesithathu le-asynchronous motor overload kunye nokusilela kwesigaba sokhuseleko lwesithathu. -inqanaba le-asynchronous motor ekusebenzeni kwangempela, zihlala zijongene nazo ezibangelwa zizizathu zombane okanye oomatshini ezifana nokugqithisa kwangoku, ukugqithiswa kunye nokungaphumeleli kwesigaba).Ukuba i-over current ayinzima kakhulu, ubude bufutshane, kwaye i-windings ayidluli ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa elivumelekileyo, oku ngaphaya kwangoku kuvunyelwe;Ukuba i-over-current inzulu kwaye ihlala ixesha elide, iya kukhawulezisa ukuguga kwe-insulation ye-motor kunye nokutshisa imoto.Ke ngoko, isixhobo sokukhusela iimoto kufuneka simiselwe kwisekethe yemoto.Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo zokukhusela iimoto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye eyona ixhaphakileyo yintsimbi yentsimbi ehambisa i-thermal relay.ipleyiti yentsimbi uhlobo relay thermal sisigaba ezithathu, kukho iindidi ezimbini kunye nangaphandle isigaba ukhuseleko ikhefu.[8] Ukuhanjiswa kwexesha Ukuhanjiswa kwexesha kusetyenziselwa ulawulo lwexesha kwisekethe yolawulo.Uhlobo lwayo lukhulu kakhulu, ngokomgaqo walo wokusebenza unokwahlulwa lube luhlobo lwe-electromagnetic, uhlobo lokudambisa umoya, uhlobo lombane kunye nohlobo lombane, ngokwemowudi yokulibaziseka inokwahlulwa ibe ukulibaziseka kwamandla kunye nokulibaziseka kwamandla.Ukuhanjiswa kwexesha lokudambisa umoya kusebenzisa umgaqo wokudambisa umoya ukuze ufumane ukulibaziseka kwexesha, okwenziwa kumatshini wombane wombane, indlela yokulibaziseka kunye nenkqubo yokunxibelelana.Umatshini we-electromagnetic usebenza ngokuthe ngqo undoqo wentsimbi yohlobo lwe-E, inkqubo yoqhagamshelwano isebenzisa i-I-X5 iswitshi encinci, kwaye indlela yokulibaziseka ithatha i-airbag damper.[8]ukuthembeka1.Impembelelo yokusingqongileyo ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokungaphumeleli kwe-relays ezisebenza kwi-GB kunye ne-SF iyona ephezulu, ifikelela kwi-820,00h, ngelixa i-NU imo, yi-600,00h kuphela.[9]2.Impembelelo yebakala lomgangatho ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: xa i-A1 umgangatho we-relays ikhethiwe, ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokungaphumeleli lingafikelela kwi-3660000h, ngelixa ixesha eliphakathi kokungaphumeleli kwe-C-grade relays yi-110000, kunye nokwahlukana kwamaxesha angama-33.Ingabonwa ukuba umgangatho womgangatho weelayidi unempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwabo okuthembekileyo.[9] 3, impembelelo ekuthembekeni kwefom yoqhagamshelwano ye-relay: ifom yoqhagamshelwano iya kuchaphazela ukuthembeka kwayo, ukuphosa okukodwa ukuthembeka kohlobo lwe-relay yayiphezulu kunenani lemela efanayo yohlobo lokuphosa kabini, ukuthembeka kunciphisa ngokuthe ngcembe. kunye nokwanda kwenani imela ngaxeshanye, lixesha avareji phakathi ukungaphumeleli-pali enye-phosa relay ezine imela kabini-phosa relay ka-5.5.[9]4.Impembelelo yohlobo lwesakhiwo ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: kukho iintlobo ze-24 ze-relay structure, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lunefuthe ekuthembekeni kwalo.[9]5.Impembelelo yobushushu ekuthembekeni kwereyilayi: ubushushu bokusebenza kwereyikhi buphakathi kwe -25 ℃ kunye ne 70℃.Ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokusilela kweereyilayi liyancipha kancinci kancinci.[9]6.Impembelelo yesantya sokusebenza ekuthembekeni kodluliselo: Ngokunyuka kwezinga lokusebenza kwereyiyi, ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokusilela libonisa ukuhla okubonakalayo.Ngoko ke, ukuba isiphaluka esilungiselelwe sidinga ukuba i-relay isebenze kwizinga eliphezulu kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ngokucophelela i-relay ngexesha lokugcinwa kweesekethe ukwenzela ukuba ithathelwe indawo ngexesha.[9]7.Impembelelo yomlinganiselo wangoku ekuthembekeni kwe-relay: into ebizwa ngokuba yi-current ratio yi-ratio yomthwalo womsebenzi wangoku we-relay kwi-relay yomthwalo wangoku.Umlinganiselo wangoku unempembelelo enkulu ekuthembekeni kwe-relay, ngakumbi xa umlinganiselo wangoku ungaphezulu kwe-0.1, ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokungaphumeleli liyancipha ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa umlinganiselo wangoku ungaphantsi kwe-0.1, ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokusilela ngokusisiseko lihlala lifana. , ngoko ke umthwalo onomlinganiselo ophezulu wangoku kufuneka ukhethwe kuyilo lwesiphaluka ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wangoku.Ngale ndlela, ukuthembeka kwe-relay kunye nesekethe yonke ayiyi kuncitshiswa ngenxa yokuguquguquka kokusebenza ngoku.
