Qhagamshela i-piston kunye ne-crankshaft, kwaye udlulisele amandla kwi-piston kwi-crankshaft, uguqula intshukumo ejikelezayo ye-piston ibe yintshukumo ejikelezayo ye-crankshaft.
Iqela lentonga yokudibanisa lenziwe ngumzimba wentonga yokudibanisa, isigqubuthelo sentonga yokudibanisa esikhulu, intonga yokudibanisa i-bushing encinci, intonga yokudibanisa i-bush enkulu ye-bearing kunye nee-bolts zentonga yokudibanisa (okanye izikrufu). Iqela lentonga yokudibanisa liphantsi kwamandla egesi avela kwiphini yepiston, ukujija kwayo kunye namandla angenawo amandla eqela lepiston. Ubukhulu kunye nolwalathiso lwala mandla lutshintsha rhoqo. Ke ngoko, intonga yokudibanisa iphantsi kwemithwalo etshintshanayo efana nokucinezelwa kunye noxinzelelo. Intonga yokudibanisa kufuneka ibe namandla aneleyo okudinwa kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Amandla anganelanga okudinwa adla ngokubangela ukuba umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa okanye i-bolt yentonga yokudibanisa iphuke, okubangela ingozi enkulu yomonakalo kumatshini wonke. Ukuba ukuqina akwanelanga, kuya kubangela ukuguquka komzimba wentonga kunye nokuguquka okungaphandle kwesiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokudibanisa, okubangela ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga kwepiston, isilinda, i-bearing kunye ne-crank pin.
Ulwakhiwo kunye nokwakheka
Umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa uneziqendu ezintathu, inxalenye edibene nephini yepiston ibizwa ngokuba sisiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa; inxalenye edibene ne-crankshaft ibizwa ngokuba sisiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokudibanisa, kwaye inxalenye edibanisa isiphelo esincinci nesiphelo esikhulu ibizwa ngokuba ngumzimba wentonga yokudibanisa.
Isiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa ikakhulu sisakhiwo esincinci esinodonga olubhityileyo. Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuguguleka phakathi kwentonga yokudibanisa kunye nephini yepiston, ibhushi yobhedu enodonga olubhityileyo icinezelwa kumngxuma omncinci wesiphelo. Yibhoboze okanye uyigaye imingxunya entloko encinci kunye nebhushi ukuze ioyile yokutshiza ingene kwiindawo zokutshatisa zebhushi yokuthambisa kunye nephini yepiston.
Umngxuma wentonga yokudibanisa yinduku ende, kwaye ikwasetyenziswa ngamandla amakhulu ngexesha lomsebenzi. Ukuze ithintelwe ekugobeni nasekuguquguqukeni, umzimba wentonga kufuneka ube nokuqina okwaneleyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, uninzi lwee-shafts zentonga yokudibanisa zeenjini zezithuthi zisebenzisa amacandelo anomfanekiso we-I, anokunciphisa ubunzima ngokuqina okwaneleyo namandla, kwaye amacandelo anomfanekiso we-H asetyenziswa kwiinjini eziqiniswe kakhulu. Ezinye iinjini zisebenzisa isiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa ukutshiza ioyile ukupholisa i-piston, kwaye umngxuma odlulayo kufuneka ugqojwe kwicala elide lomzimba wentonga. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxinana koxinzelelo, unxibelelwano phakathi komzimba wentonga yokudibanisa kunye nesiphelo esincinci kunye nesiphelo esikhulu luthatha utshintsho oluthambileyo lwe-arc enkulu.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukungcangcazela kwenjini, umahluko womgangatho wentonga yokudibanisa yesilinda nganye kufuneka ulinganiselwe kuluhlu oluncinci. Xa kuhlanganiswa injini efektri, ngokubanzi ihlelwa ngokweenxalenye ezinkulu nezincinci zentonga yokudibanisa ngeegram. Intonga yokudibanisa yeqela.
Kwinjini yohlobo lwe-V, ii-cylinders ezihambelanayo zemigca ekhohlo neyasekunene zabelana nge-crank pin, kwaye ii-connecting rods zineentlobo ezintathu: ii-connecting rods ezihambelanayo, ii-fork connecting rods kunye nee-connecting rods eziphambili nezincedisayo.
Uhlobo oluphambili lomonakalo
Iintlobo eziphambili zomonakalo weentonga zokudibanisa kukuqhekeka kokudinwa kunye nokuguquguquka okugqithisileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo ukwaphuka kokudinwa kufumaneka kwiindawo ezintathu ezixineneyo kakhulu kwinduku yokudibanisa. Iimeko zokusebenza zentonga yokudibanisa zifuna ukuba intonga yokudibanisa ibe namandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokudinwa; ikwafuna ukuqina nokuqina okwaneleyo. Kwiteknoloji yendabuko yokucubungula iintonga zokudibanisa, izixhobo ngokubanzi zisebenzisa intsimbi ecinyiweyo neqinisiweyo efana nentsimbi ye-45, i-40Cr okanye i-40MnB, enobunzima obuphezulu. Ke ngoko, izinto ezintsha zentonga yokudibanisa eziveliswa ziinkampani zeemoto zaseJamani ezifana nentsimbi ye-C70S6 ephezulu ye-carbon microalloy engacinywanga neqinisiweyo, intsimbi ye-SPLITASCO series Forged steel, intsimbi ye-FRACTIM forged kunye nentsimbi ye-S53CV-FS forged, njl.njl. (ezi zingentla zonke ziyimigangatho ye-din yaseJamani). Nangona intsimbi ye-alloy inamandla aphezulu, inovelwano kakhulu kuxinzelelo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka iimfuno ezingqongqo kwimo yentonga yokudibanisa, i-fillet egqithisileyo, njl.njl., kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe umgangatho wokucubungula umphezulu ukuphucula amandla okudinwa, kungenjalo ukusetyenziswa kwentsimbi ye-alloy enamandla aphezulu akuyi kufezekisa isiphumo esifunekayo.
