Iinxalenye ezincinci, Impembelelo Enkulu: Umsebenzi kunye noLawulo olungalunganga lweePlagi zeSpark zeMoto
"Entliziyweni" yenjini yepetroli yemoto, nangona iplagi yespark incinci ngobukhulu, idlala indima ebalulekileyo nebalulekileyo. Ifana "novulindlela wokutsha" kwenjini, isebenza njengesikhungo esiphambili esidibanisa amandla ombane kunye namandla oomatshini. Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla enjini, ukonga amafutha, kunye nokuzinza kokuqhuba kwesithuthi ngokubanzi.
Umsebenzi oPhambili weePlagi zeSpark
Umsebenzi oyintloko nobalulekileyo we-spark plug kukutshisa umxube ovuthayo kwi-cylinder, nto leyo enika umthombo wamandla okusebenza kwenjini. Ekupheleni kwe-compression stroke yenjini, ii-electrode ze-spark plug zivelisa i-arc ye-voltage ephezulu, zivutha ngoko nangoko umxube wegesi ocinezelweyo. Le nkqubo yindawo yokuqala yomsebenzi wenjini, kwaye ukutsha kwegesi enobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kutyhala i-piston ezantsi, ngaloo ndlela kuqhuba i-crankshaft ukuba ijikeleze, inika amandla aqhubekayo kwisithuthi. Ngokwesiqhelo, injini ye-cylinder ezine ixhotyiswe ngee-spark plugs ezi-4, ngelixa injini ye-cylinder ezintandathu ifuna ezi-6, enye kwi-cylinder nganye ukuqinisekisa inkqubo yokutsha ezinzileyo necwangcisiweyo kwi-cylinder nganye.
Ukongeza ekutshiseni, ii-spark plugs nazo zinefuthe elithe ngqo kumandla enjini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Ii-spark plugs ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zinokuqinisekisa ukutsha okupheleleyo komxube, ziphucule ukuguda kwamandla okukhupha kwaye zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Ukuba i-spark plug iyaguga, njengokuba i-electrode igugile okanye i-carbon deposits enzima, iya kubangela ukutsha okulibazisekileyo okanye ii-sparks ezibuthathaka, okubangela ukutsha okunganelanga komxube, kungekuphela nje ukunciphisa amandla kodwa nokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli nge-10%-20%. Ngaphezu koko, ii-spark plugs zinomsebenzi wokulawula inkqubo yokutsha, ngokulungelelanisa ixesha lokutsha kunye namandla, zinokuzivumelanisa ngcono neemfuno zenjini kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza. Ngesantya esiphantsi, inokulawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokutsha ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli; ngesantya esiphezulu, inokubonelela ngokukhawuleza ngamandla aneleyo ee-sparks, iqinisekise ukutsha ngokukhawuleza komxube kwaye ikhuphe amandla anamandla.
Imisebenzi yokupholisa kunye nokugcina ubushushu kwiiplagi ze-spark nayo ayifanele ingananzwa. Inxalenye ye-ceramic yeplagi ye-spark yenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yokusasaza ubushushu kunye nokugcina ubushushu, enokuthi isasaze ngokukhawuleza ubushushu obuveliswa yi-electrode esembindini, ithintele i-electrode ekutshiseni kakhulu kwaye yandise ubomi beplagi ye-spark; kwangaxeshanye, ithintela ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu obuphezulu kwigumbi lokutsha, iqinisekisa imeko yokusebenza eqhelekileyo ye-electrode esembindini. Ngaphezu koko, iiplagi ze-spark zinokubonakalisa imeko yokusebenza yenjini. Xa zine-carbon deposits, umzekelo, kudla ngokubonisa ukuba injini inesiphene esinokubakho, njenge-carbon deposits eninzi ebonisa ingxaki kwinkqubo yokufaka ipetroli, okanye ukutsha okunxulumene neenkqubo zokutsha ezingaqhelekanga.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo zeeplagi zeSpark
Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kweeplagi zentlantsi ixesha elide, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo azinakuphepheka, zichaphazela ukusebenza kwenjini okuqhelekileyo. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka ubunzima bokutsha, ukushukuma kwenjini, ukungabikho kwamandla, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwepetroli, kunye nokukhutshwa komoya ophumayo.
Ukuguguleka kwe-electrode yenye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo zeeplagi ze-spark. Njengoko injini iguga, i-electrode esembindini kunye ne-electrode esecaleni yeplagi ye-spark ziya kuguguleka ngenxa yokuguguleka kwe-spark yombane ixesha elide kunye nokugqwala kweekhemikhali okuvela kwigesi yokutsha, okubangela ukuba umsantsa we-electrode unyuke. Xa umsantsa udlula i-2mm, ukuhanjiswa kombane kuncipha, kwaye iintlantsi ezikhutshiweyo zincinci kakhulu, okubangela ixesha lokutsha kancinci kunye nokutsha okwaneleyo komxube, okubangela ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okwandisiweyo, amandla anciphileyo, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, kwanokungakwazi ukwenza iintlantsi, okubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesilinda. Kwimeko ezinjalo, iplagi entsha ye-spark ngokubanzi iyafuneka.
Iidipozithi zekhabhoni nazo "zilutshaba" lweeplagi zentlantsi. Inani elikhulu leedipozithi zekhabhoni kunye nokungcola okuqokelelene kumphezulu weplagi yentlantsi kuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kombane, okuchaphazela isiphumo sokutsha. Iidipozithi zekhabhoni zihlala zinxulumene nomgangatho ophantsi wamafutha, umxube otyebileyo kakhulu, kunye nezihluzi zomoya ezivalekileyo. Ukuba ufumana iidipozithi zekhabhoni kwiplagi yentlantsi, ungazama ukucoca kuqala. Ukuba iidipozithi zekhabhoni zinzima okanye iplagi yentlantsi ayisasebenzi kakuhle emva kokucoca, kufuneka utshintshe iplagi yentlantsi. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka uphande unobangela wedipozithi zekhabhoni, njengokutshintsha ipetroli esemgangathweni ophezulu okanye ukujonga inkqubo yokufaka ipetroli ukusombulula ingxaki kumthombo.
Ukongeza, iiplagi zespark zinokuba namaxabiso okuxhathisa ubushushu aphantsi kakhulu, umonakalo wesiketi, kunye neempazamo zokuvuza. Ukuba ixabiso lokuxhathisa ubushushu liphantsi kakhulu, liya kunciphisa i-voltage yokutsha esetyenziswa kwisithuba sespark, okwenza i-spark ibe buthathaka okanye ilahlekelwe ngumsebenzi wayo wokutsha; iintanda kwisiketi ziya kubangela ukuba umbane we-high-voltage uqhekeke kwaye uvuza umbane kwindawo eqhekekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kungabikho spark kwi-electrode; ukuvuza kudla ngokubangelwa ziziphene okanye umonakalo kwi-ceramic insulator ye-spark plug okanye isithuba se-electrode esigqithisileyo. Ezi mpazamo ngokubanzi zifuna ukutshintshwa kwe-spark plug ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye xa uyitshintsha, kuyimfuneko ukuqaphela ukukhetha imodeli ehambelana nenjini yesithuthi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso layo lobushushu, iinkcukacha zentambo, kunye nezinye iiparameter ziyahlangabezana neemfuno.
Ukugcinwa nokutshintshwa kweeplagi zentlantsi
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweplagi yespark kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubalulekile. Umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zeeplagi zespark uyahluka. Iiplagi zespark eziqhelekileyo ze-copper-core ziyacetyiswa ukuba zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezi-2-30,000, ngelixa iiplagi zespark ze-iridium okanye zeplatinum zinokwandiswa ukuya kwiekhilomitha ezi-6-100,000. Iinkcukacha ezithile kufuneka zibhekiswe kwincwadi yemiyalelo yesithuthi. Ekuqhubeni imihla ngemihla, kuyimfuneko ukujonga imeko yeplagi yespark rhoqo, ukujonga ukuba i-electrode igugile na, nokuba kukho iidipozithi zekhabhoni, kunye nokuba umzimba we-ceramic uqhekekile na. Kwangaxeshanye, qaphela ukugcina inkqubo yepetroli icocekile, kuphephe ukuqhuba umgama omfutshane rhoqo, kwaye kuphephe ukuqala ixesha elide ngexesha lokuqala okubandayo. Le mikhwa ilungileyo yokuqhuba inokunceda ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kweempazamo zeplagi yespark.
Ukuqukumbela, nangona iplagi yespark incinci, iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kakuhle kwenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo, iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, kunye neendlela zokulungisa kunokusinceda sibone kwaye sisombulule iingxaki ngexesha, sigcine imoto ikwimeko entle yokuqhuba.
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Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
