Ikhoyili yokukhanyisa: Isiseko samandla enjini
Ikhoyili yokutsha yeyona nto iphambili kwinkqubo yokutsha yemoto. Ngokuyintloko, yitransformer ekhethekileyo yepulse. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuguqula umbane we-12V low-voltage obonelelwa yibhetri ube ngumbane we-15,000-30,000V high-voltage, obonelela ngamandla aneleyo kwiplagi yespark ukuvelisa i-spark yombane, ngaloo ndlela kutsha umxube kwi-cylinder yenjini kwaye kuqhube injini ukuba isebenze.
Isebenza ngokusekelwe kumgaqo wokungenisa amandla kagesi: Xa i-coil yokuqala inikwa amandla aphantsi, kuvela amandla emagnethi kwaye amandla aqokelelwa. Xa isilawuli sokukhanyisa sinqumla amandla, amandla emagnethi atshintsha ngokukhawuleza abangela umbane onamandla aphezulu kwi-secondary winding ejika kakhulu kune-primary winding. Lo mbane onamandla aphezulu emva koko udluliselwa kwi-spark plug ukuze u-ionise umoya kwaye wenze i-electrical spark, uvuthe ngoko nangoko umxube. Le nkqubo kufuneka ihambelane ngokuchanekileyo neemeko zokusebenza kwenjini. I-ECU iya kulungisa ixesha lokukhanyisa ngexesha langempela ngokusekelwe kwiiparameter ezifana nesantya kunye nomthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamandla okugudileyo nokusebenzayo.
Ukongeza ekuguqulweni kwe-voltage esisiseko, i-ignition coil ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwenjini: Ukutsha okusebenzayo kunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, kunciphise ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kunye nokukhutshwa komoya; uyilo oluzimeleyo lokutsha (i-coil enye kwisilinda nganye) lunokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla kwaye luphucule uzinzo lwamandla kwiimeko zokusebenza ezikhawulezayo; ezinye ii-coil ezinemisebenzi yokufumanisa ukutsha nazo zinokubonelela ngengxelo malunga nesimo sokutsha, ziphucule ngakumbi ulawulo lokutsha.
Isilumkiso sempazamo: Iimpawu ezintandathu eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka uziqaphele
Ikhoyili yokutshisa isebenza kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokungcangcazela rhoqo, okwenza ukuba ithambekele ekugugeni kwe-insulation kunye ne-coil short circuits. Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zihlala zibonwa:
Ukungcangcazela okukhulu kokungaqhubi kakuhle: Ukungaphumeleli kwekhoyili yokutshaya ye-single-cylinder kuya kubangela ukunqongophala kobonelelo lwamafutha, nto leyo ebangela ukusebenza kwenjini okungalinganiyo. Umzimba wesithuthi kunye nevili lokuqhuba ziya kunyikima ngokubonakalayo xa zingasebenzi, kwaye umbhobho wokukhupha umoya uya kukhupha ingxolo "ephumayo". Ukuchukumisa umbhobho wokukhupha umoya kuya kubonisa ukungcangcazela okungaqhelekanga.
Ukukhawulezisa okubuthathaka ngenxa yokuma: Amandla okutsha anganelanga abangela ukutsha okungaphelelanga komxube, nto leyo ebangela ukuba impendulo yokukhawulezisa ilibazise. Ukuma okukhawulezileyo kwenzeka kuluhlu lwe-2000-3000 rpm, kwaye ukulahleka kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lokunyuka.
Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga: Umxube ongatshiyo ukhutshwa ngqo, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda kwe-10%-30% ekusetyenzisweni kwepetroli. Kwangaxeshanye, umphunga ukhupha ivumba elibi lepetroli, kwaye udonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho wokukhupha umbane lunokuba namabala eoyile.
Isibane sempazamo siyakhanyisa kwaye kukho iikhowudi ezithile zempazamo: Xa i-ECU ibona into engaqhelekanga yokutsha, iya kukhanyisa isibane sempazamo yenjini. Isixhobo sokuxilonga sidla ngokufunda iikhowudi zempazamo ezifana ne-P0300 (impazamo engacwangciswanga) okanye i-P0301-P0304 (impazamo yesilinda ethile).
Ubunzima bokuqala: Kwimozulu ebandayo, ukusebenza kobushushu bekhoyili yokutshaya kuyawohloka, ayikwazi ukubonelela ngombane owaneleyo we-high-voltage, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kuphinde kuzanywe ukutshaya ngexesha lokuqalisa ukubanda, kwaye iimeko ezinzima zinokubangela ukuba injini icime kwangoko xa iqalisa.
Inkangeleko kunye nokusebenza okungaqhelekanga: Kuvela imifantu okanye amabala okutsha kumphezulu wekhoyili, okanye iplagi yoqhagamshelo idaywe yioyile kwaye igqwalile. Oku kubonisa ukuba umaleko wobushushu wonakele; ukuba ixabiso lokumelana lingaphaya komgangatho oqhelekileyo (ukumelana kwesibini kudla ngokuba yi-5000-70000Ω), kuyimfuneko ukuyitshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukugcinwa nokutshintshwa: Yandisa ubomi benkonzo ngokwesayensi
Umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwekhoyili yokutsha ayiloxabiso limiselweyo. Ngokubanzi, iikhilomitha ezili-100,000 ziyacetyiswa njengendawo yokubhekisa, kodwa kufuneka zilungiswe ngokusekelwe kwiimeko zokwenyani: Kwizithuthi ezisebenza kakuhle, ezo ziqhutywa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu nezinomswakama ixesha elide, okanye ezo ziqhutywa rhoqo kumgama omfutshane, umjikelo wokutshintshwa kufuneka ufinyezwe; ukuba kwenziwa ulondolozo olufanelekileyo lwemihla ngemihla, ezinye iikhoyili zingasetyenziswa ngaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezili-150,000.
Ulondolozo lwemihla ngemihla kufuneka luqatshelwe: Kuphephe ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwenjini ixesha elide ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithisa kakhulu kwekhoyili; jonga rhoqo isithuba seplagi yespark (nokuba sikhulu kakhulu okanye sincinci kakhulu siya kukhawulezisa ukuguga kwekhoyili); sebenzisa amafutha asemgangathweni ophezulu ukunciphisa iidiphozithi zekhabhoni; kuphephe ukushiya iswitshi yokutsha ivuliwe ixesha elide xa injini ingasebenzi. Ukuba kukho impazamo, kuyimfuneko ukuyitshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Iikhoyili ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokonakala kwangethuba ngenxa yezinto zokugquma ezingafanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zokugquma iikhoyili ezingasemgangathweni. Kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iindawo zokuqala zomzi-mveliso okanye ezidumileyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
