Umsebenzi we-sensor ye-oksijini yangasemva yeemoto
Kwinkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa komoya kwiimoto, isenzi se-oxygen esingasemva, nangona sincinci ngobukhulu, sidlala indima ebalulekileyo njenge "tail gas monitor". Ukusebenza kwayo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iimeko zokusebenza kwenjini kunye nomgangatho wokukhutshwa komoya kwiimoto. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo, iimpawu zempazamo, kunye nezizathu kubaluleke kakhulu kubanini bezithuthi ekuqhubeni kwabo imihla ngemihla nasekugcinweni kwezithuthi.
Uxanduva oluphambili lwe-rear oxygen sensor kukujonga ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kwe-three-way catalytic converter. Ifakwe ngasemva kwe-three-way catalytic converter kwaye ibona umxholo we-oksijini kwi-exhaust gas ecocekileyo, inika idatha ibuyele kwi-engine electronic control unit (ECU). I-ECU ithelekisa idatha evela kwi-front oxygen sensor (efakwe kwi-exhaust manifold, ijonga umxholo we-oksijini kwi-original exhaust gas) ukuze ibone ukuba i-three-way catalytic converter isebenza ngokufanelekileyo na. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, emva kokucoca yi-three-way catalytic converter, umxholo we-oksijini kwi-exhaust gas uhlala uzinzile, kwaye ukutshintsha kwesignali ye-rear oxygen sensor kuncinci kakhulu kunokwe-front oxygen sensor; ukuba umahluko kwimiqondiso phakathi kwezi zimbini uyancipha okanye ude uhambelane, kubonisa ukuba i-three-way catalytic converter isenokuba ayiphumelelanga kwaye ayikwazi ukuguqula ngokufanelekileyo iigesi eziyingozi. Ukongeza, idatha yempendulo evela kwi-rear oxygen sensor ikwanceda i-ECU ekulungiseni umthamo we-fuel injection, iqinisekisa ngokungathanga ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshisa kwenjini.
Ukuba i-sensor ye-oksijini engasemva iyasilela, imoto iya kubonisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezingaqhelekanga, nto leyo echaphazela kakubi amava okuqhuba kunye nokusebenza kwesithuthi. Eyona nto ibonakalayo kukusebenza kwesibane se-injini. Xa isignali ye-sensor ingaqhelekanga, ikhompyutha ekwibhodi iya kuqalisa isibane sesilumkiso se-injini. Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuxilonga se-OBDII, iikhowudi ezifanelekileyo ze-impazamo ezifana ne-P0136 ukuya kwi-P0141 zihlala zifundwa. Ukusebenza kwamandla okunciphileyo nako kukubonakaliswa okuqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yokungakwazi kwe-sensor ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo idatha yomxholo we-oksijini, ulawulo lwe-ECU lobungakanani be-injection ye-fuel aluchanekanga, nto leyo ebangela ukutsha okutyebileyo okanye okuncinci, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kokutshisa, ukukhawulezisa okucothayo, amandla angonelanga okunyuka, kunye nokuguquguquka kwesantya okunokwenzeka, ukungcangcazela komzimba, okanye nokuba injini ime xa ingasebenzi. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwe-fuel kuya kwanda kakhulu. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ukungaphumeleli kwe-sensor ye-oksijini engasemva kunokubangela ukunyuka kwe-5% ukuya kwi-10% kumthamo we-injection ye-fuel. Kwimoto yosapho enomgama weekhilomitha ezingama-20,000 ngonyaka, ukusetyenziswa kwe-fuel eyongezelelweyo yonyaka kunokufikelela kwiilitha ezingama-900, nto leyo ebangela ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho. Ukukhutshwa kwe-exhaust nako kuya kuba yinto engaqhelekanga. Igesi yokukhupha umoya engacocwanga ingabonakala imnyama kwaye inevumba elibi, ingangcolisi nje kuphela okusingqongileyo kodwa ikwabangela ukuba imoto ingaphumeleli kuvavanyo lokukhupha umoya kuhlolo lonyaka. Ezinye izithuthi zinokubonakalisa iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo ezifana nokucotha kokubanda, ukungcangcazela kancinci xa uqalisa i-air conditioner, kunye nokuma kwenjini, izinto ezingajongwa lula ngabanini bazo.
Izizathu zokungaphumeleli kwe-oksijini engasemva ziyinkimbinkimbi kwaye zahlukahlukene. Zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu. Okokuqala, imiba yomgangatho wepetroli. Ipetroli ekumgangatho ophantsi equlethe isalfure, i-lead, njl.njl., iya kwenza umaleko wokungcola kumphezulu we-sensor emva kokutsha, ithintele ukusasazeka kwee-ion ze-oxygen kwaye ibangele ukulibaziseka okanye ukuphambuka kwesignali; izongezo ze-silicon ziya kwenza iikristale ezimhlophe kwi-sensor element, zibangele ukwehla ngequbuliso kobuntununtunu ngaphezulu kwama-60%. Okwesibini, ukuguga kwesekethe kunye nenxalenye. I-sensor wiring harness ivezwa kubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu ixesha elide, kwaye umaleko we-insulation ulungele ukuguga, i-oxidation yezihlanganisi iya kwandisa ukumelana noqhagamshelwano, kwaye isekethe yokufudumeza ephukileyo iya kuthintela iinxalenye ukuba zingafikeleli kumlinganiselo wokusebenza we-300°C, okubangela imiqondiso engaqhelekanga efunyanwa yi-ECU. Okwesithathu, iidipozithi zekhabhoni kunye nongcoliseko. Ukutsha okungaphelelanga kwinjini kuvelisa iidipozithi zekhabhoni, okanye ioyile, uthuli, njl.njl., kungena kwindawo yokusebenza ye-sensor, igqume umphezulu we-sensor element kwaye iphazamise ukuchongwa komxholo wayo we-oxygen. Ingakumbi emva kokuba imoto ihambe iikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwama-80,000, ukuqokelelana kweekhabhoni kunokufikelela kwi-0.2-0.5mm, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwesensor.
Xa ujongene nokusilela kwe-oxygen sensor yangasemva, abanini bezithuthi kufuneka bathathe amanyathelo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngexesha lokuqhuba imihla ngemihla, khetha isikhululo sepetroli esifanelekileyo ukongeza ipetroli kwaye usebenzise izicoci zenkqubo yepetroli rhoqo ukunciphisa umonakalo kwi-sensor obangelwa bukungcola; landela iingcebiso ezikwincwadi yemiyalelo yokugcinwa kwesithuthi, jonga i-sensor signal curve rhoqo kwiikhilomitha ezingama-30,000, kwaye wenze ukucoca ngobuchwephesha rhoqo kwiikhilomitha ezingama-50,000 ukuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwe-carbon deposits. Ukuba imoto ibonisa iimpawu zempazamo ezingentla, kufuneka ivavanywe ngokukhawuleza kwiziko lokulungisa lobuchwephesha. Ngokuthelekisa i-waveform kunye nezinye iindlela, qinisekisa imeko ye-sensor. Xa utshintsha i-sensor, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe iindawo zokuqala zomzi-mveliso. Izinga lokuphindaphindeka kwezi ndawo yi-8% kuphela, eliphantsi kakhulu kune-35% yeendawo ezithengiswa emva kwemarike. Emva kokutshintshwa, iiparameter ze-ECU kufuneka ziphinde zisetwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba imoto ibuyela kwisimo sayo esiqhelekileyo.
Isixhobo sokuvavanya ioksijini esingasemva siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokukhupha umoya kwisithuthi. Ukusebenza kwaso okuzinzileyo sisiqinisekiso sokusebenza kakuhle kwenjini kunye nokuthobela ukukhutshwa komoya ophumayo. Kuphela ngokugxininisa indima yaso, ukuqonda iimpawu zempazamo kunye nezizathu, kunye nokwenza ulondolozo rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo apho imoto inokuhlala ikwimeko entle, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa iindleko zokusebenzisa kwaye inegalelo ekukhuselweni kokusingqongileyo.
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