Ivalvu Yokungenisa: "Umphathi Wokuphefumla" weNjini kunye noLawulo Lweziphene
Kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwenjini yemoto, ivalvu yokungenisa umoya ithathwa njengeyona "mphathi wokuphefumla" iphambili, kwaye imeko yayo yokusebenza ichaphazela ngqo amandla enjini, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kunye nokuzinza. Ayisiyonto ilula nje yokuvula, kodwa yinkqubo echanekileyo edibanisa imizimba yevalvu, iivalvu zokujonga, iivalvu zebhabhathane, njl. Ngokusebenzisana okudibeneyo nevalvu yokukhupha umoya, ilawula ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba komoya wokungenisa umoya kunye nexesha lokungenisa umoya, ivumela injini ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokwembono yomsebenzi oyintloko, ivalvu yokungenisa umoya ikakhulu ithatha uxanduva lokulawula ukuhamba komoya ngendlela eguquguqukayo. Xa injini ingasebenzi okanye isebenza ngesantya esiphantsi, ivalvu yokulawula isebe lokungenisa umoya iya kulungisa ubude bombhobho wokungenisa umoya ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ivumela umoya ukuba wenze i-vortex enamandla kumbhobho omde, kwaye ixutywe nepetroli ngokulinganayo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa uzinzo lokusebenza kokungenzi nto; ngelixa xa imoto ikhawuleza kakhulu okanye ingena ekuqhubeni ngesantya esiphezulu, ubude bombhobho wokungenisa umoya buya kufutshane ngokuzenzekelayo, bunciphise ukumelana nomoya, buvumele umoya omtsha omninzi ukuba ungene kwisilinda ngexesha elifutshane, uhlangabezane neemfuno zokungenisa umoya ukuze kuphume amandla aphezulu. Okwesibini, ivalvu yokungenisa umoya inokufumana umlinganiselo ochanekileyo womoya wokungenisa umoya. Yenza inkqubo yolawulo oluvaliweyo olunezinzwa zoxinzelelo kunye neevalvu ze-solenoid, ezinokulawula ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo womoya-mafutha ngokweemeko zokusebenza kwenjini ngexesha langempela, zivumela ukutshiswa kwamafutha okupheleleyo kwaye zinciphise ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha. Ukongeza, ivalvu yokungenisa ineendlela ezininzi zokukhusela ukhuseleko, njengokukwazi ukuvala indlela yomoya kwimizuzwana eyi-0.3 xa kuthe kwavalwa ngequbuliso, kunye nesakhiwo esitywinwe kabini esinokulawula ukuvuza ukuya kwinqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu, kwaye indlela yayo yevalvu ye-electromagnetic inokumelana nemijikelo yokuvula nokuvala yezigidi ezi-2, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwexesha elide kwenjini.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ivalvu yokungenisa inokuba neempazamo ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki ezinokubakho ekusebenzeni kwesithuthi. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukwehla kwamandla, ukungahlaliseki kakuhle, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Xa ivalvu yokungenisa ibambeke kwindawo evulekileyo ngokupheleleyo, amandla evortex xa ingasebenzi ayanelanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba injini inyikime; ukuba ibambeke kwindawo evaliweyo ngokupheleleyo, umthamo wokungenisa uyancitshiswa ngexesha lokuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu, kungekuphela nje okubangela ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla, kodwa kunokubangela ukutsha kwepetroli kungabi kwanele, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Ezinye izithuthi zinokufumana ubunzima ekuqaliseni okanye ukungabikho kwempendulo yokukhawulezisa, ngenxa yempembelelo yeempazamo zevalvu yokungenisa kumgangatho womxube. Ngexesha lokuqala okubandayo, ipetroli ayinakutsha ngokupheleleyo, kwaye impendulo yokukhawulezisa iba buthathaka ngexesha lokuqhuba, kunye neengxaki eziphawulekayo kwiindawo ezinyukayo. Iimpazamo ezinkulu zevalvu yokungenisa zinokubangela ukukhutshwa kwegesi okungaqhelekanga, kunye negesi emnyama yokukhupha umoya ekhutshwa kumbhobho wokukhupha umoya, ngamanye amaxesha ihamba nokuvuza kwevumba lepetroli, kwaye "nokubuyela umva" kumbhobho wokukhupha umoya.
Xa kukho ezi mpazamo, abanini beemoto kufuneka baqwalasele iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga zesithuthi ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kwaye benze uhlolo oluqhelekileyo lwenkqubo yokungenisa. Ngexesha lokugcinwa ngakunye, abasebenzi bokulungisa banokusebenzisa isixhobo sokuxilonga ukujonga idatha yokusebenza kwevalvu yokungenisa, kwaye ngaxeshanye bajonge ukusebenza kokuvala kwevalvu xa becoca i-throttle. Ukuba iringi yerabha iyaguga, kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha. Nje ukuba kubekho iimpawu ezinje ngokuncipha kwamandla, ukushukuma okungasebenzi, okanye iimpazamo ezirhanelwayo zevalvu yokungenisa, kuyimfuneko ukuya kwiziko lokulungisa eliqeqeshiweyo ukuze kulungiswe ukuthintela iingxaki ezincinci eziguquka zibe ziimpazamo ezinkulu kwaye zichaphazele ubomi benkonzo yenjini.
Ivalvu yokungenisa, njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yenjini, ilawula ngokuthe cwaka "isigqi sokuphefumla" kwenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo kunye neempazamo eziqhelekileyo kunokunceda abanini beemoto ukuba balondoloze imoto ngcono kwaye bagcine injini isebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuzinzileyo.
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