Yintoni i-condenser yemoto
I-Condenser (i-Condenser), inxalenye yenkqubo yokubandisa, luhlobo lwesitshintshi sobushushu esinokuguqula igesi okanye umphunga ube lulwelo kwaye sidlulisele ubushushu obukwiityhubhu emoyeni okufutshane ngesantya esiphezulu. Inkqubo yokusebenza ye-condenser yinkqubo exothermic, ngoko ke ubushushu be-condenser buhlala buphezulu.
Izityalo zombane zisebenzisa ii-condenser ezininzi ukuxinana umphunga okhutshwa kwiiturbines. Kwizityalo zokufrijia, ii-condenser zisetyenziselwa ukuxinana umphunga wokufrijia ofana ne-ammonia kunye ne-Freon. Ii-condenser zisetyenziswa kwishishini le-petrochemical ukuxinana ii-hydrocarbons kunye neminye imiphunga yeekhemikhali. Kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa, isixhobo esiguqula umphunga ube lulwelo sikwabizwa ngokuba yi-condenser. Zonke ii-condenser zisebenza ngokususa ubushushu kwiigesi okanye kwimiphunga.
Igesi idlula kwityhubhu ende (edla ngokubhijelwa kwi-solenoid), ivumela ubushushu ukuba buphele emoyeni ojikelezileyo. Iintsimbi ezifana nobhedu, ezine-thermal conductivity enamandla, zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha umphunga. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-condenser, izinki zobushushu ezisebenza kakuhle ekuqhubeni ubushushu zihlala zinamathele kwimibhobho ukwandisa indawo yokuphelisa ubushushu kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuphelisa ubushushu. Okwangoku, iifeni zisetyenziselwa ukukhawulezisa ukujikeleza komoya kunye nokuthutha ubushushu.
Kwinkqubo yomjikelo womatshini wokuqandisa, icompressor ifunxa umphunga wefriji ophantsi noxinzelelo oluphantsi ovela kwi-evaporator. Emva kokucinezelwa yi-adiabatic yi-compressor, iba ngumphunga oshushu kakhulu nobushushu obuphezulu, ocinezelwa kwi-condenser ukuze uphole rhoqo kwaye ukhuphe ubushushu kwindawo yokupholisa. Ekugqibeleni, ipholiswa ibe yi-subcooled liquid refrigerant. I-liquid refrigerant idlula kwi-adiabatic throttling nge-expansion valve ukuze ibe yi-low-pressure liquid refrigerant. Iyaphuma kwi-evaporator kwaye ifunxe ubushushu obuvela kumanzi ajikelezayo e-air conditioner (umoya), ngaloo ndlela ipholise amanzi ajikelezayo e-air conditioner ukuze kufezekiswe injongo ye-friji. I-low-pressure refrigerant ephumayo ifunxwa kwi-compressor, kwaye lo mjikelo uyaqhubeka.
Inkqubo yokuphola yokuxinwa komphunga enesigaba esinye yenziwe ngezinto ezine ezisisiseko: i-compressor yokuphola, i-condenser, i-valve yokuthomalalisa kunye ne-evaporator. Ezi zinto ziqhagamshelwe ngokulandelelana ngemibhobho ukwenza inkqubo evaliweyo. I-refrigerant ijikeleza rhoqo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo, itshintsha imeko kwaye itshintshiselana ubushushu nehlabathi langaphandle.
Kwinkqubo yokuphola, i-evaporator, i-condenser, i-compressor kunye ne-throttling valve zezona zinto zine ezibalulekileyo, apho i-evaporator sisixhobo sokuhambisa ukubanda. I-refrigerant ifunxa ubushushu bento epholisiweyo ekuyo ukuze ifumane i-friji. I-compressor yintliziyo, edlala indima ekutsaleni, ekucinezeleni nasekuthutheni umphunga we-refrigerant. I-condenser sisixhobo esikhupha ubushushu, sidlulisela ubushushu obufunxwe kwi-evaporator kunye nobushushu obuguqulweyo ukusuka emsebenzini we-compressor ukuya kwindawo yokupholisa ukuze isuswe. I-throttle valve idlala indima ekupholeni nasekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwe-refrigerant, ngelixa ilawula kwaye ilawula ubungakanani bolwelo lwe-refrigerant olungena kwi-evaporator, kwaye yahlula inkqubo ibe ngamacandelo amabini amakhulu: icala loxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye necala loxinzelelo oluphantsi. Kwiinkqubo zokuphola zokwenyani, ngaphandle kwamacandelo amane aphambili, kuhlala kukho izixhobo ezincedisayo, ezinje ngee-solenoid valves, abasasazi, oomisi, abaqokeleli bobushushu, ii-fusible plugs, abalawuli boxinzelelo kunye nezinye izinto. Zenzelwe ukuphucula uqoqosho, ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ii-air conditioner zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini ngokusekelwe kwiindlela zazo zokufuma: ezipholisiweyo ngamanzi nezipholisiweyo ngomoya. Ngokweenjongo zazo zokusetyenziswa, zingahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezipholisiweyo kunye nezipholisiweyo kunye nezifudumezi. Nokuba zeziphi na iintlobo, zonke zenziwe ngezi zinto zilandelayo ziphambili.
Imfuneko ye-condenser isekelwe kumthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics - ngokomthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics, indlela yokuhamba kwamandla obushushu ngaphakathi kwenkqubo evaliweyo ayihambelani, oko kukuthi, inokuhamba kuphela ukusuka kubushushu obuphezulu ukuya kubushushu obuphantsi. Kwihlabathi le-microscopic, oku kubonakala njengoko amasuntswana e-microscopic athwala amandla obushushu anokutshintsha kuphela ukusuka ngokulandelelana ukuya kwisiphithiphithi. Ke ngoko, xa injini yobushushu isenza umsebenzi wokufaka amandla, kufuneka kubekho ukukhululwa kwamandla ngezantsi. Kuphela ngale ndlela apho kunokubakho umsantsa wamandla obushushu phakathi komlambo ophezulu nowezantsi, okwenza ukuhamba kwamandla obushushu kube nokwenzeka kwaye kuvumele umjikelo ukuba uqhubeke.
Ngoko ke, ukuba umntu ufuna ukuba isithwali siphinde sisebenze, kuyimfuneko ukuba aqale akhulule onke amandla obushushu angakhange akhululwe ngokupheleleyo. Kule ndawo, kufuneka i-condenser. Ukuba amandla obushushu ajikelezileyo aphezulu kunobushushu obungaphakathi kwi-condenser, ukuze ipholise i-condenser, kufuneka kwenziwe umsebenzi wokwenziwa (ngokubanzi ngokusebenzisa i-compressor). Emva kokufuma, ulwelo lubuyela kwimeko yomgangatho ophezulu kunye namandla obushushu aphantsi kwaye lunokusebenza kwakhona.
Ukukhethwa kwee-condenser kuquka ukukhetha uhlobo kunye nemodeli, kunye nokumisela isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi kunye nokumelana kwamanzi okanye umoya opholileyo odlula kwi-condenser. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-condenser kufuneka kuthathele ingqalelo umthombo wamanzi wendawo, ubushushu bamanzi, iimeko zemozulu, kunye nomthamo wokupholisa uwonke wenkqubo yokukhenkceza kunye neemfuno zoyilo lwegumbi lomatshini wokukhenkceza. Phantsi kwengcamango yokumisela uhlobo lwe-condenser, indawo yokudlulisa ubushushu ye-condenser ibalwa ngokusekelwe kumthwalo wokukhenkceza kunye nomthwalo wobushushu kwindawo nganye ye-condenser, ukuze kukhethwe imodeli ethile ye-condenser.
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