Izibane zemoto: "Amehlo" okhuseleko lokuqhuba kunye nokusombulula iingxaki
Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa emotweni, izibane zemoto zifana "namehlo" emoto, kuba zezona zixhobo ziphambili zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuqhuba. Azikhanyisi nje kuphela indlela engaphambili kumqhubi ebusuku okanye imozulu embi, kodwa zikwadlulisela imiqondiso yokuqhuba kwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa. Ukubaluleka kwazo kuyabonakala.
Umsebenzi ophambili wezibane zemoto
Umsebenzi oyintloko wee-headlights kukubonelela ngokukhanya kumqhubi, ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala okucacileyo kwendlela engaphambili kwiimeko ezingabonakaliyo kangako njengasebusuku, ukutshona kwelanga, okanye xa kunetha kwaye kunenkungu. Izibane ezikufutshane nokukhanya ezine-engile ephantsi ziqhele ukuba ziimitha ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-50, zigxile kwindawo ekufutshane phambi kwesithuthi kwaye azibangeli ukukhanya kubaqhubi bezithuthi ezizayo, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele ukusetyenziswa ezindleleni zasezidolophini, xa zidlula, okanye xa zilandela ngokusondeleyo. Izibane ezisebenza emini zinokuphucula ukubonakala kwesithuthi emini, zenze kube lula kwabanye abasebenzisi bendlela ukuba baqaphele imoto kwaye bathintele iingozi.
Ukuhanjiswa kwemiqondiso, isilumkiso kunye nokuphepha Ukongeza ekukhanyeni, izibane zezibane nazo zinomsebenzi obalulekileyo wesilumkiso. Ngokutshintsha phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa, abaqhubi banokudlulisela iinjongo zabo zokuqhuba kwezinye izithuthi nakubahambi ngeenyawo. Umzekelo, xa bedlula ebusuku, ukutshintshana phakathi kwemisebe ephezulu nesezantsi kunokwazisa imoto yangaphambili. Xa imoto yonakala kwaye ima okwethutyana, ukukhanyisa izibane ezinobungozi (kwezinye iimodeli, oku kufezekiswa ngokukhanyisa ngokukhawuleza izibane zezibane) kunokwazisa ezinye izithuthi nabahambi ngeenyawo, okubonisa ukuba imoto ikwimeko engaqhelekanga kwaye ibacele ukuba balumke. Kwimozulu enemvula okanye enenkungu, ukusebenzisa izibane zezibane kunye nezibane zenkungu kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukubonakala kunye nokunciphisa amathuba eengozi.
Ukuthobela imithetho, isiqinisekiso sokhuseleko Kwimimandla emininzi, imithetho yendlela icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba izibane zemoto mazivulwe ebusuku okanye kwiimeko zokubonakala kancinci. Oku akupheleli nje ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lokuqhuba komqhubi kodwa kukwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokugcina ucwangco endleleni. Ukunamathela kwimithetho yokusebenzisa izibane kunokunciphisa iingozi ezibangelwa kukubonakala kakubi kwaye kudale indawo yokuqhuba ekhuselekileyo.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokusombulula iingxaki zezibane zemoto
Nangona izibane zemoto bezisoloko ziphuculwa kuyilo nakwimveliso, iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zisenokubakho ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, nto leyo echaphazela ukhuseleko lokuqhuba. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zokusombulula iingxaki:
Izibane zentloko azisebenzi ngokupheleleyo Le yimpazamo eqhelekileyo. Izizathu eziphambili ziquka: okokuqala, ibhalbhu inokonakala, nokuba yibhalbhu ye-halogen (ehlala iminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3) okanye ibhalbhu ye-LED, enokuba ngenxa yokuphuka kwe-filament okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-chip yangaphakathi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, jonga imbonakalo yebhalbhu; ukuba i-filament yaphukile okanye ibhalbhu imnyama, yitshintshe ngebhalbhu yenkcazo efanayo. Okwesibini, i-fuse isenokuba ivuthuzekile, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba izibane zentloko zingasebenzi. Isekethe yee-headlights inee-fuse zokukhusela, kwaye xa umbane uphezulu kakhulu (njengokusebenzisa ibhalbhu enamandla aphezulu ukuguqula), i-fuse iya kuvuthuza ukukhusela isekethe. Ngeli xesha, fumana ibhokisi ye-fuse yesithuthi kwaye ujonge iinkcukacha kwincwadi yemiyalelo ukuze ufake i-fuse endaweni yenkcazo efanayo. Ukongeza, iimpazamo zocingo (ezifana neeplagi ezikhululekileyo, ukuguga kunye neentambo ezimfutshane), iimpazamo zeswitshi okanye ze-relay nazo zinokubangela ukuba izibane zentloko zingasebenzi. Ukuba awukwazi ukuzilungisa ngokwakho, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufune iinkonzo zokulungisa zobungcali.
Izibane zentloko ziyakhanya kwaye zicima. Le mpazamo idla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokudibana okungahambi kakuhle. Okokuqala, jonga ukuba isiseko sebhalbhu sitshisiwe okanye sinomhlwa; ukuba kunjalo, coca i-oxide okanye utshintshe ibhalbhu; kwangaxeshanye, jonga ukuba ifuse ikhululekile okanye itshisiwe; ukuba kunjalo, tshintsha ifuse ukuze kuvavanywe. Ukuba imoto ixhotyiswe ngee-headlights ezizenzekelayo, inkqubo inokutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo imo yokukhanya ngenxa yokugweba okungalunganga yi-sensor yokukhanya, okubangela ukuba abantu bakholelwe ngempazamo ukuba kukho impazamo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ungatshintshela kwimo yesandla ukuze ubone ukuba izibane zibuyela kwisiqhelo na. Ukongeza, iintambo ezigugayo kunye ne-voltage engazinzile (njengebhetri ephelileyo okanye i-generator engaqhelekanga) nazo zinokubangela ukuguquguquka kumbane, okubangela ukukhanya okungenasiphelo. Ungasebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa i-voltage engaguqukiyo yebhetri (kufuneka ibe yi-≥ 12.5V) kunye ne-voltage ephumayo yejenereyitha (efanele izinze kwi-13.8 - 14.8V) emva kokuqala. Ukuba i-voltage ayiqhelekanga, kufuneka ulungise ngokukhawuleza inkqubo yombane.
Ukukhanya okungonelanga kwezibane zezibane kunokuchaphazela umbono womqhubi kwaye konyuse umngcipheko wokuqhuba ebusuku. Izizathu ezinokubakho ziquka ukuguga kwebhalbhu. Njengoko imoto isetyenziswa, ukukhanya kwebhalbhu kuncipha kancinci kancinci. Ngokubanzi, kucetyiswa ukuba itshintshe ibhalbhu rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezingama-50,000 okanye emva kweminyaka emi-2 yokusetyenziswa. Ukongeza, ukungcola kumphezulu wesigqubuthelo sesibane kunokuchaphazela nesiphumo sokukhanya. Ngexesha lokuqhuba, isigqubuthelo sesibane sithambekele ekutshizeni amanzi okanye udaka, kwaye ukuba asicocwanga ngexesha, ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanyisa kuya kuncipha ngama-50%. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukucoca isigqubuthelo sesibane rhoqo. Kunokubakho neziphene kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla, njengombane ongonelanga webhetri okanye ukumelana nomgca okwandisiweyo, okunokubangela umbane ongonelanga kwibhalbhu kunye nokukhanya okunciphileyo. Kufuneka ujonge inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla ukuqinisekisa umbane ozinzileyo kunye nemigca engaphazanyiswayo.
Izinto eziphambili zokugcinwa rhoqo kwee-headlights zangaphambili
Ukuze kwandiswe ixesha elide lezibane zangaphambili kunye nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kweziphene, ukugcinwa rhoqo kubalulekile. Okokuqala, jonga rhoqo imeko yokusebenza kwezibane, kuquka nokuba izibane ezikufutshane, ezikude, ezijikayo, kunye nezikhanyayo zikhanyisiwe ngokufanelekileyo na, kunye nokuba icala lokukhanya lijikile na. Okwesibini, gcina isigqubuthelo sesibane sicocekile kwaye usicoce rhoqo ngesicoci esizinikeleyo ukuze uphephe impembelelo yamabala kwisiphumo sokukhanya. Ukongeza, ngokweemfuno zencwadi yesikhokelo sesithuthi, tshintsha ibhalbhu rhoqo. Musa ukulinda de ibhalbhu yonakale ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuyitshintsha ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibane zihlala zisebenza kakuhle ekukhanyeni. Kwizithuthi ezixhotyiswe ngezibane ezizenzekelayo, kufuneka ujonge rhoqo ukuba inzwa yokukhanya isebenza ngokufanelekileyo na ukuze uphephe ukusebenza gwenxa kwezibane ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwenzwa.
Izibane zangaphambili zemoto zisisiqinisekiso esibalulekileyo sokhuseleko lokuqhuba. Ukuqonda imisebenzi yazo, iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo, kunye neendlela zokusombulula iingxaki, nokwenza ulondolozo rhoqo kunokugcina la "mehlo" ekhanya rhoqo, okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwethu lohambo.
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