Yintoni isihluzi somoya semoto?
Isihluzo somoya luhlobo lwesihluzo, esaziwa ngokuba yikhatriji yesihluzo somoya, isicoci somoya, njl. Sisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuhluzeni umoya kwizithuthi zobunjineli, kwiimoto, kwizithuthi zezolimo, kwiilabhoratri, kumagumbi okusebenza acocekileyo, nakumagumbi okusebenza ahlukeneyo ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenjini, umoya omninzi uyatsalwa. Ukuba umoya awuhluzwanga, uthuli oluxhonyiweyo emoyeni luya kufunxwa kwisilinda, nto leyo ekhawulezisa ukuguguleka kweqela lepiston kunye nesilinda. Amasuntswana amakhulu angena phakathi kwepiston kunye nesilinda aya kubangela into "yokutsalwa kwesilinda", ebaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zokusebenza ezomileyo nezinesanti. Isihluzo somoya sifakwe phambi kwekhaburetha okanye umbhobho wokungenisa kwaye sisebenza ukucoca uthuli kunye namasuntswana esanti emoyeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya owaneleyo nococekileyo ungeniswa kwisilinda.
Isihluzo somoya seemoto siyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokungenisa umoya, enoxanduva lokucoca ukungcola emoyeni okungena enjinini. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukuvaleka, umonakalo, kunye nokufunxwa komswakama. Ezi mpazamo zinokuchaphazela ngqo ukusebenza kwenjini kwaye zinokubangela izilumkiso zeempazamo.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeziphene zezihluzo zomoya kunye nefuthe lazo zezi zilandelayo: Ukuvaleka yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, uthuli kunye namasuntswana aqokelelana, okwandisa ukumelana kokungena kunye nokubangela ukungena komoya okwaneleyo enjinini, ngaloo ndlela kukhokelela ekunciphiseni amandla, ubunzima bokukhawulezisa, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli (mhlawumbi kunyuke nge-5% - 15%), kunye nokutsha okungaphelelanga okubangela iidiphozithi zekhabhoni okanye umsi omnyama. Umonakalo uhlala usenzeka ngenxa yempembelelo yamandla angaphandle okanye ukuguga, okuvumela umoya ongacocwanga ukuba ungene ngqo enjinini, okukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kweendawo zangaphakathi kwaye okunokubangela ukugqwala. Ukufunxwa komswakama kudla ngokuvela kwiindawo ezifumileyo okanye emva kokuntywiliselwa emanzini, kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwesikhunta, kunye nokuchaphazela umgangatho womoya ngaphakathi kwisithuthi. Ezi ziphene zinokubangela nokukhanya kwempazamo yenjini, ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezihluzo ezingcolileyo, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga, okanye izinzwa ezingaqhelekanga (ezifana nenzwa yomgangatho womoya).
Ukuthintela iimpazamo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kulandelwe la manyathelo alandelayo: Hlola rhoqo kwaye utshintshe izihluzi zomoya. Kwizithuthi eziqhuba ezidolophini, kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezili-1-20,000. Kwiindawo ezinothuli oluninzi, umjikelo wokutshintsha kufuneka ufinyezwe. Kwakhona, qinisekisa ukuba isihluzi sivalwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela izinto zangaphandle okanye ukufuma ukuba kungangeni.
Ukungaphumeleli ukutshintsha isihluzo somoya semoto kuya kukhokelela ekugugeni kwenjini, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okwandileyo, ukwehla kwamandla, kunye nomgangatho womoya ophantsi ngaphakathi kwesithuthi. Kwiimeko ezinzima, oku kunokubangela iimpazamo zenjini.
Umonakalo ngqo kwinjini
Ukuguguleka okukhawulezileyo kwezinto ezibalulekileyo: Uthuli kunye nokungcola okungena enjinini kusebenza njenge "sandpaper", ukukhuhla kwipiston, eludongeni lwesilinda, kunye neevalvu, okubangela imikrwelo kunye nokusebenza okunciphileyo kokutywina. Ukungaphumeleli ukutshintsha isihluzo ixesha elide kunokunyusa ukuguguleka kwesilinda ngokuphindwe kasibhozo kunye nokuguguleka kweringi yepiston ngokuphindwe kasithoba. Iidiphozithi zekhabhoni kunye neengozi zeempazamo: Ukungcola okuxutywe neoyile yenjini kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthambisa, okubangela iidiphozithi zekhabhoni kwigumbi lokutsha. Kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, kunokubangela ukutsalwa kwesilinda okanye ukuvaleka kwendlela yokungenisa, okubangela ukukhanya kwempazamo, kunye neendleko zokulungisa ezifikelela kwiinombolo ezintlanu.
Iingxaki zokusebenza kwezithuthi kunye neendleko zokusetyenziswa kwazo
Ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla: Ukuvaleka kwesihluzo kunciphisa umthamo wokungenisa ngaphezulu kwama-30%, nto leyo ebangela ukutsha okunganelanga kwamafutha. Oku kubonakala njengokukhawulezisa kancinci, amandla angonelanga okunyuka, kunye nobunzima bokudlula. Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kuyanda nge-10% - 15%: Injini ilungisa ukungabikho kwamandla ngokufaka amafutha amaninzi. Imilinganiselo yokwenyani ibonisa ukuba emva kokutshintsha isihluzo esitsha, ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha kwiikhilomitha ezili-100 kunokwehliswa ngeelitha eziyi-0.8.
Ungcoliseko oluphezulu lokukhupha ukungcola: Ipetroli engatshiswanga ivelisa iigesi eziyingozi zokukhupha ukungcola, ezifana ne-carbon monoxide kunye nee-hydrocarbons.
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