Isangqa sokutyhala imoto: Umkhuseli ongabonakaliyo wokuzinza kwe-axial yenjini
Kwi "bukumkani" obuntsonkothileyo benjini yemoto, kukho izinto ezininzi ezibonakala zingabalulekanga kodwa ezibalulekileyo. Indandatho yokutyhala yenye yazo. Ifana "nomlindi we-axial" ongathethiyo oqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwenjini. Ukuba iyasilela, inokubangela ukusabela kwetsheyini kwaye isongele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenjini.
Umsebenzi oyintloko weringi yokutyhala
I-thrust ring, njengohlobo lwe-sliding bearing yenjini, ithatha uxanduva olubalulekileyo lokuxhasa i-crankshaft nge-axial. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenjini, i-crankshaft ayifuni nje kuphela ukujikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu kodwa ikwavelisa i-axial thrust ngenxa yentshukumo ejikelezayo yeqela le-piston connecting rod, i-gear transmission, njl. Ukuba ayithintelwanga, i-crankshaft iya kuba nentshukumo ye-axial, eya kuphazamisa ukuvuleka okuchanekileyo phakathi kwezinto zangaphakathi zenjini. I-thrust ring idlulisela umthwalo we-axial kwi-cylinder block ngokuhambelana nomphezulu we-thrust we-crankshaft, inika inkxaso ye-axial ezinzileyo kwi-crankshaft kwaye inciphise ngokungqongqo intshukumo yayo ye-axial. Ngokubanzi, lo msantsa kufuneka ulawulwe ngaphakathi kwe-0.35mm ukuthintela intshukumo enkulu ye-axial ye-crankshaft, enokubangela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwentonga yokudibanisa nodonga lwesilinda, i-piston kunye ne-valve, njl., kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwazo zonke iindawo ezihambayo.
Ukongeza kwinkxaso ye-axial kunye nokubeka indawo, iringi yokutyhala ikwanemisebenzi encedisayo yokwenza ngcono ukuthambisa kunye nokunciphisa ukuguguleka kokungqubana. Umphezulu wayo udla ngokuyilwa ngemijelo yeoyile. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenjini, ioyile inokwenza ifilimu yeoyile eqhubekayo kumphezulu woqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-crankshaft kunye neringi yokutyhala ngokusebenzisa imijelo yeoyile, inciphisa i-coefficient yokungqubana kwaye inciphise ukuguguleka ngqo phakathi kweentsimbi, yandisa ngokufanelekileyo ubomi benkonzo ye-crankshaft kunye neringi yokutyhala. Kwangaxeshanye, uyilo olufanelekileyo lwemijelo yeoyile luqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kweoyile yokuthambisa kwaye lubonelela ngokuthambisa okuqhubekayo kwiindawo zokungqubana, ukuthintela ukuguguleka okugqithisileyo kunye nokugqithisa kakhulu kwezinto ngenxa yokuthambisa okungekho semgangathweni.
Kwi-camshaft, ezinye iinjini zikwanazo neeringi zokutyhala, ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo neeringi zokutyhala ze-crankshaft, ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa intshukumo ye-axial ye-camshaft, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kololiwe wevalvu, kunye nokugcina ixesha elichanekileyo lokuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwa amandla okukhupha kunye nokonga amafutha enjini.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezizathu zeeringi zokutyhala
Ukuguguleka okugqithisileyo: Le yenye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo zeringi yokutshiza. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, iringi yokutshiza isoloko igudla kumphezulu wokutshiza we-crankshaft, kunye nendawo enobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lokusebenza kwenjini, umaleko we-alloy onganyangekiyo kumphezulu weringi yokutshiza uyaguguleka kancinci kancinci. Ukongeza, imikhwa engafanelekanga yabaqhubi yokuqhuba, efana nokukhawulezisa ngokukhawuleza rhoqo, ukucothisa ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukusebenzisa i-clutch xa ingathathi cala kwaye isiya ezantsi, kuya kubangela ukuba amandla e-axial e-crankshaft anyuke ngequbuliso, okwandisa ukuguguleka kweringi yokutshiza. Ukuba ioyile yokutshiza ayisemgangathweni okanye indlela yeoyile ivaliwe, nto leyo ebangela ukuthambisa okungekho semgangathweni, kuya kukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuguguleka kweringi yokutshiza.
Ufakelo olungachanekanga: Ufakelo lweringi yokutyhala lunemiqathango engqongqo yendlela. Ngokwesiqhelo, umphezulu we-oyile kufuneka ujonge kwi-crankshaft ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-oyile yokuthambisa ingangena kakuhle kumphezulu wokuqhawuka kwaye yenze ifilimu yeoyile. Ukuba indlela ebekwe ngayo ayilunganga, kuya kubangela ukuthambisa okungasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye iringi yokutyhala kunye ne-crankshaft azinakwenza ifilimu yeoyile esebenzayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuqhawuka okomileyo, okuya kukhokelela ekugugulekeni ngokukhawuleza kweringi yokutyhala okanye nokuba yi-ablation. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuba iringi yokutyhala ayilungiswanga ngokuchanekileyo kwibhloko yesilinda okanye kwindawo ehambelanayo ye-crankshaft ngexesha lofakelo, iringi yokutyhala inokutshintsha kwaye ingaphumeleli ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo intshukumo ye-axial ye-crankshaft.
Ukuhlukana kunye nomonakalo: Xa iringi yokutyhala igugile kakhulu okanye ichaphazeleka ngendlela engaqhelekanga, inokusuka kwindawo yokufakela ize iwele kwipani yeoyile. Iringi yokutyhala egugileyo iya kulahlekelwa yi-axial restriction yayo kwi-crankshaft, ibangele intshukumo enkulu ye-axial ye-crankshaft, kwaye inokungqubana nezinye izinto kwipani yeoyile, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo wesibini. Umzekelo, kwiimeko zokukhawulezisa umthwalo onzima, unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-clutch kunye ne-flywheel luya kudlulisa i-torque enkulu. Ukuba iringi yokutyhala igugile kakhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukumelana namandla e-axial, inokusuka, ngaloo ndlela ibangele imiqondiso engaqhelekanga evela kwi-crankshaft sensor kunye ne-alamu evela kwisibane se-injini.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nempendulo kwiimpazamo zeringi yokutyhala
Xa iringi yokutyhala ingaphumeleli, injini idla ngokubonisa iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga. Ukuba intshukumo ye-axial ye-crankshaft inkulu kakhulu, inokubangela iingxolo ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokungaqhubi kakuhle kwenjini okanye ukusebenza kwayo, ingakumbi xa itshintsha iigiya, ikhawuleza okanye inciphisa isantya. Iingxolo ziya kuba zicacile ngakumbi. Kunokubakho iimpazamo zenkqubo yokudlulisela ezifana nokungagqibekanga kwe-clutch okanye ubunzima ekutshintsheni iigiya. Kwiimeko ezinzima, oku kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni amandla enjini kunye nokusetyenziswa kweoyile okungaqhelekanga.
Xa kuchongwa ingxaki yepleyiti yokutyhala, indlela ye-tachometer ingasetyenziselwa ukubona intshukumo ye-axial ye-crankshaft. Ukuba intshukumo idlula ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-0.35mm, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ipleyiti yokutyhala igugile okanye iwile. Nje ukuba impazamo yepleyiti yokutyhala iqinisekisiwe, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukulungiswa nokutshintshwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Ngexesha lokutshintshwa, iinkcukacha zofakelo kufuneka zilandelwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba icala lepleyiti yokutyhala lichanekile kwaye lizinzile. Kwangaxeshanye, jonga ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukuguguleka kumphezulu wokutyhala we-crankshaft. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, lungisa okanye utshintshe i-crankshaft. Ekuqhubeni imihla ngemihla, kufuneka kwenziwe imikhwa emihle yokuqhuba, kufuneka kutshintshwe ii-lubricants eziqhelekileyo ezisemgangathweni, kwaye ipleyiti yokutyhala kunye nezinye izinto kufuneka zihlolwe ngokomjikelo wolondolozo ukuthintela iingxaki ezinokubakho ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke, kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yenjini, kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo nangokugudileyo. Ipleyiti yokutyhala, nangona incinci, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo kunye neempawu zayo zempazamo kusinceda silondoloze ngcono injini yemoto, sibone kwaye sisombulule iingxaki ezinokubakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo, sandise ubomi benkonzo yenjini, kwaye siqinisekise ukhuseleko kunye nobuthambile bokuqhuba.
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