Yintoni i-crankshaft sensor yemoto?
I-crankshaft sensor (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-crankshaft position sensor) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki yenjini. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukubona indawo yokujikeleza (i-engile) ye-crankshaft kunye nesantya senjini, ize idlulisele olu lwazi ngexesha langempela kwiyunithi yolawulo lwenjini (ECU) ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokutsha, ixesha lokujova ipetroli, kunye nolandelelwano lokutsha.
Imisebenzi ephambili
Misela i-angle ye-crankshaft: Chonga indawo eyiyo ngqo yepiston kwisilinda (njengeziko eliphezulu elifileyo).
Jonga isantya senjini: Bala i-RPM (iinguqu ngomzuzu) ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.
Sebenzisana ne-camshaft position sensor: Kunye, chonga imeko yokusebenza yesilinda nganye (njengoxinzelelo lwe-compression), kwaye ufezekise i-fuel injection kunye ne-ignition elandelelanayo.
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza
Uhlobo lokungeniswa kweMagnetic-electric (uhlobo lwe-magnetic pulse)
Yenziwe ngemagnethi esisigxina, ikhoyili yokungenisa, kunye nediski yesignali enamazinyo/umphetho.
Xa i-crankshaft ijikeleza, idiski yesignali itshintsha intsimi yemagnethi, ivelise isignali ye-voltage etshintshanayo kwikhoyili.
Isakhiwo silula kwaye sithembekile, sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimodeli ezindala nakwezinye izithuthi zanamhlanje.
Uhlobo lwesiphumo seHolo
Isebenzisa i-element yeHall ukuze ibone utshintsho kwi-magnetic field kwaye ikhuphe isignali ye-square wave pulse.
Ifuna umbane we-5V wangaphandle kwaye inamandla okulwa nokuphazamiseka kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu.
Ifumaneka kakhulu kwiimpawu ezifana neGeneral Motors (GM), Chrysler, njl.
Uhlobo lwe-Photoelectric
Yenziwe nge-LED, i-photodiode, kunye nediski yesignali enemingxuma yokukhanya.
Ukutshintshana kokukhanya/ukuvelisa isithunzi kuvelisa imiqondiso ye-pulse, eyayisetyenziswa kwiNissan nakwezinye iimodeli.
Ngenxa yokuba ichaphazeleka lula yioyile nothuli, iye yasuswa kakhulu.
Indawo yokufakelwa
Isiphelo esingaphambili se-crankshaft (kufutshane ne-belt pulley)
Isiphelo esingasemva se-crankshaft (kufutshane ne-flywheel okanye i-transmission housing)
Embindini we-crankshaft
Kwi-distributor (kwiimodeli ezindala)
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokusilela
Injini ayikwazi ukuqala
Ukungazinzi okungasebenziyo, ukukhawulezisa okubuthathaka
Isibane senjini esingasebenziyo sivuliwe
Iikhowudi zempazamo ezigciniweyo (ezifana ne-P0335, P0336, njl.njl.)
Indlela yokubhaqa (umzekelo: uhlobo lwemagnethi-electric)
Ukujonga ukuxhathisa: Ukuxhathisa kwekhoyili kudla ngokuba yi-125–250Ω (kuxhomekeke kwimodeli).
Ukujonga i-voltage yesiginali: Xa uqalisa injini, sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa i-terminal ye-output, ekufuneka ibe ne-AC pulse voltage ye-0.2–2V.
Ukujonga isithuba: Umsantsa phakathi kwediski yesignali kunye nentloko yemagnethi yesivamvo ngokubanzi yi-0.2–0.4mm.
Ukuba i-sensor yonakele, i-ECU ayizukukwazi ukufumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngexesha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inkqubo yokufaka ipetroli kunye neyokutsha ingasebenzi, kwaye imoto ayizukukwazi ukusebenza.
I-crankshaft sensor (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-crankshaft position sensor) yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki yenjini. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukubona i-engile ye-crankshaft, isantya senjini, kunye nendawo ephakathi yepiston ephezulu, uze emva koko udlulisele olu lwazi ngendlela yesignali yombane kwiyunithi yolawulo lwenjini (ECU) ukuze kulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokutsha kunye nexesha lokujova ipetroli.
Umsebenzi oyintloko
Misela indawo ye-crankshaft: Chonga i-engile ye-crankshaft yangoku.
Linganisa isantya senjini: Bala isantya (RPM) ngenani leepulses ngexesha leyunithi nganye.
Chonga iziko elifileyo lepiston ephezulu: Nika isalathiso sokutsha kunye nokufakwa kwepetroli kwisilinda nganye.
Sebenzisana ne-camshaft position sensor: Kunye, miselani ukuba yeyiphi i-cylinder esekupheleni kwe-compression stroke, nize nifezekise i-ignition elandelelanayo kunye ne-fuel injection.
Umgaqo wokusebenza (ngokohlobo lolwahlulo)
I-crankshaft sensor ineentlobo ezintathu eziphambili, kwaye imigaqo yazo yokusebenza yile ilandelayo:
Uhlobo lokungeniswa kweMagnetic-electric (uhlobo lwe-magnetic pulse)
Yenziwe ngemagnethi esisigxina, ikhoyili yokungenisa, kunye nediski yesignali enamazinyo/umphetho.
Njengoko i-crankshaft ijikeleza, idiski yesignali itshintsha intsimi yemagnethi, ibangela utshintsho kwintsimi yemagnethi, kwaye ivelise amandla e-electromotive alternating induced (isignali ye-sine wave) kwi-coil.
I-ECU iguqula esi siginali sibe zii-pulses kwaye ibala isantya kunye nendawo.
Umzekelo: Iimodeli zokuqala zeNissan kunye neToyota zazisebenzisa le ndlela, kwaye idiski yesiginali yayisoloko inamazinyo angekhoyo okuvumelanisa.
Uhlobo lwesiphumo seHall Into yeHall isetyenziselwa ukuva utshintsho kumandla emagnethi.
I-impeller (eneeblade kunye neenotshi) ivuselelwa ukuba ijikeleze nge-crankshaft. Xa i-notch ihambelana ne-Hall element, i-magnetic field idlula kwaye ikhuphe i-pulse ephezulu; xa i-blade iyivimba, i-magnetic field iyadlula kwaye ikhuphe i-low level.
Isiphumo sisignali yewave yesikwere, efuna umbane wangaphandle we-5V kwaye inamandla amakhulu okulwa nokuphazamiseka.
I-Optical
Yenziwe ngomthombo wokukhanya we-LED, i-photodiode, kunye nediski yesignali enomngxuma wokukhanya.
Xa idiski yesignali ijikeleza, umngxuma wokukhanya uvumela ukukhanya ukuba kudlule kwaye kukuvalele, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-photodiode ivelise i-pulse voltage.
Ingavelisa isignali ye-engile ye-crankshaft echanekileyo kakhulu ye-1°, kodwa isengozini yokungcoliswa yioyile kunye nothuli, kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kwizakhiwo ezindala zokusasaza.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeziphene
Injini ayikwazi ukuqala okanye ukuqala ngobunzima
Amandla angonelanga, ukungcangcazela, ukuma
Isibane sempazamo siyakhanya (njenge-P0335, i-P0336, njl., iikhowudi zempazamo ezinxulumene nezinzwa zesikhundla se-crankshaft)
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo: iingcingo ezindala, izinzwa ezingcolileyo, ukususwa okungafanelekanga (njengokususwa kohlobo lwemagnethi-electric kufuneka kube yi-0.2–0.4mm)
Indawo yokufakelwa
Isiphelo esingaphambili se-crankshaft (kufutshane ne-pulley)
Indlu ye-Flywheel okanye i-clutch
Isiphelo esingaphambili se-camshaft
Ngaphakathi kumsasazi (kwiimodeli ezindala)
Uninzi lweemodeli eziphambili zangoku zisebenzisa izinzwa ze-magnetic-electric okanye ze-Hall-type, njengoko izakhiwo zazo zithembekile kwaye zilungelelaniswa. Uhlobo lwe-optical alusetyenziswa rhoqo kwiinjini zanamhlanje ngenxa yobuthathaka bayo kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
