I-sensor yesikhundla seCamshaft sisixhobo sokuva, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-synchronous signal sensor, sisixhobo sokubeka ucalucalulo lwe-cylinder, i-input camshaft position sign kwi-ECU, yisignali yokulawula ukuvutha.
I-1, umsebenzi kunye nohlobo lwe-Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), umsebenzi wayo kukuqokelela i-Camshaft ye-Angle signal ehambayo, kunye neyunithi yokulawula i-electronic input (ECU), ukwenzela ukugqiba ixesha lokucima kunye nexesha lokujova i-fuel. I-Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS) ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Cylinder Identification Sensor (CIS), ukwenzela ukwahlula kwi-crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS), i-Camshaft position sensors imelwe ngokubanzi yiCIS. Umsebenzi we-sensor yesikhundla se-camshaft kukuqokelela umqondiso wesimo se-camshaft yokusabalalisa igesi kwaye uyifake kwi-ECU, ukwenzela ukuba i-ECU ikwazi ukuchonga i-compression top of dead center ye-cylinder 1, ukwenzela ukuba kuqhutywe ukulawulwa kwe-injection ye-fuel ngokulandelelana, ukulawula ixesha lokucima kunye nokulawula ukuchithwa. Ukongeza, uphawu lwendawo yecamshaft lukwasetyenziselwa ukuchonga umzuzu wokuqala wokutshisa ngexesha lokuqalisa injini. Ngenxa yokuba i-sensor yesikhundla se-camshaft inokuchonga ukuba yeyiphi i-cylinder piston malunga nokufikelela kwi-TDC, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cylinder recognition sensor.photoelectricImpawu zesakhiwo se-Photoelectric crankshaft kunye ne-camshaft isikhundla senzwa eveliswa yinkampani ye-Nissan iphuculwe kwi-distributor, ngokukodwa nge-disk yesiginali (i-rotor yesiginali), i-signal generator, i-disk signal signal, i-appli ye-disk signal. i-rotor ye-sensor, ecinezelwe kwi-shaft yoluvo. Kwindawo ekufutshane nomphetho wepleyiti yomqondiso ukwenza isithuba esifanayo se-radian ngaphakathi nangaphandle izangqa ezibini zemingxuma yokukhanya. Phakathi kwazo, i-ring yangaphandle yenziwe nge-360 imingxuma ebonakalayo (izithuba), kunye ne-interval radian 1. (I-Hole evulekileyo ibalwa kwi-0.5. , i-shading hole ibalwa kwi-0.5.), esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft kunye nesignali yesantya; Kukho imingxuma emi-6 ecacileyo (uxande L) kwindandatho yangaphakathi, kunye nekhefu le-radians engama-60. , isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umqondiso we-TDC we-cylinder nganye, phakathi kwayo kukho uxande olunomphetho obanzi kancinci ixesha elide lokuvelisa uphawu lwe-TDC lwe-cylinder 1.Ijeneretha yesignali igxininisekile kwi-sensor yezindlu, ehlanganiswe ne-Ne signal (isantya kunye ne-Angle signal) i-generator, i-G (isignali ye-high of dead center) i-generator kunye ne-signal processing circuit. Umqondiso we-Ne kunye ne-G signal generator yenziwe nge-diode ekhupha ukukhanya (i-LED) kunye ne-photosensitive transistor (okanye i-photosensitive diode), ii-LED ezimbini ezijongene ngqo nee-transistors ezimbini ze-photosensitive ngokulandelanayo. Xa umngxuma wokuhambisa ukukhanya kwidiski yomqondiso ujikeleza phakathi kwe-LED kunye ne-photosensitive transistor, ukukhanya okukhutshwe yi-LED kuya kukhanyisa i-photosensitive transistor, ngeli xesha i-photosensitive transistor ivuliwe, i-collecter yayo ye-output level ephantsi (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Xa i-shading inxalenye yediski yomqondiso ijikeleza phakathi kwe-LED kunye ne-photosensitive transistor, ukukhanya okukhutshwe yi-LED ayikwazi ukukhanyisa i-photosensitive transistor, ngeli xesha i-photosensitive transistor inqunyulwe, imveliso yayo yokuqokelela inqanaba eliphezulu (4.8 ~ 5.2V) . Umqokeleli we-photosensitive transistor uya kuphuma ngokutshintshanayo amanqanaba aphezulu naphantsi. Xa i-axis ye-sensor kunye ne-crankshaft kunye ne-camshaft ijikeleza kunye, umqondiso wokukhanya kokukhanya kwi-plate kunye nenxalenye ye-shading phakathi kwe-LED kunye ne-photosensitive transistor iyajika, iplate yesignali ye-LED ye-pervious ekukhanyeni kunye nefuthe le-shading iya kutshintsha i-irradiation kwi-generator yesignali ye-photosensitive transistor, isignali ye-sensor iyaveliswa kunye ne-camshaft yesignali ehambelanayo kunye nesigxina se-crankshaft. i-crankshaft ijikeleza kabini, i-sensor shaft ijikeleza i-signal kanye, ngoko i-sensor yesignali ye-G iya kuvelisa i-pulses ezintandathu. Isivamvo somqondiso we-Ne siya kuvelisa imiqondiso ye-pulse engama-360. Kuba isithuba se-radian somngxuma wokukhanya we-G siginali yi-60. Kwaye 120 ngokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Ivelisa umqondiso wempembelelo, ngoko uphawu lwe-G ludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-120. Isiqinisekiso sofakelo loyilo 120. Isiginali 70 phambi kweTDC. (BTDC70. , kunye nomqondiso oveliswe ngumngxuma ocacileyo kunye nobubanzi obuncinane obuxande ubude buhambelana ne-70 ngaphambi kokuba iziko eliphezulu elifileyo le-cylinder ye-injini 1. Ukuze i-ECU ikwazi ukulawula i-injection kwangaphambili ye-Angle kunye ne-Angle yokuvutha kwangaphambili. , ngoko kumjikelo we-pulse nganye, inqanaba eliphezulu kunye ne-akhawunti yezinga eliphantsi le-1 ngokulandelanayo, izibonakaliso ze-360 zibonisa ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft 720. Ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft yangaphambili yi-120. , i-sensor ye-signal ye-G ivelisa i-signal enye, i-Sensor ye-signal ye-Ne ivelisa iimpawu ze-60.I-Magnetic induction uhlobo lwe-Magnetic induction uhlobo lwe-Magnetic induction isebenzisa umphumo weholo ukuvelisa umqondiso wesimo kunye ne-amplitude ehleliweyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Figure 1. Le yokugqibela isebenzisa umgaqo wokungenisa imagnethi ukuvelisa izibonakaliso zesikhundla esine-amplitude yayo iyahluka kunye nesantya ukusuka kumakhulu ama-millivolts ukuya kumakhulu e-volts, kwaye i-amplitude iyahluka kakhulu. Umsantsa womoya phakathi kwesibonda semagnethi esisigxina kunye ne-rotor, izinyo elibukhali le-rotor, umsantsa womoya phakathi kwezinyo le-rotor kunye nentloko yemagnethi, intloko yemagnethi, ipleyiti yesikhokelo sozibuthe kunye nesibonda semagnethi esisisigxina I-alternating electromotive force iya kunyanzeliswa kwi-coil yokuva.Xa i-rotor yesignali ijikeleza nge-clockwise, i-gap yomoya phakathi kwe-rotor convex yamazinyo kunye nentloko yamagnetic iyancipha, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-magnetic circuit kunciphisa, i-magnetic flux φ iyanda, isantya sokutshintsha kwe-flux sinyuka (dφ / dt> 0), kunye ne-induced electromotive (i-rotor) i-rotor 0 ivaliwe umgca wentloko yamagnetic, i-magnetic flux φ inyuka ngokukhawuleza, isantya sokutshintsha sisikhulu [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], kunye ne-electromotive force e-E iphezulu kakhulu (E=Emax) Emva kokuba i-rotor ijikeleza malunga nendawo ye-point B, nangona i-magnetic flux φ isakhula, kodwa ukuncipha kwe-electromotive force. i-rotor ijikeleza kumgca osembindini wezinyo le-convex kunye nomgca ophakathi wentloko yemagnethi, nangona umsantsa womoya phakathi kwezinyo le-rotor convex kunye nentloko yemagnethi iyona nto incinci, ukuxhathisa kwamagnetic kwesekethe yemagnethi yeyona incinci, kwaye i-magnetic flux φ iyona inkulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-magnetic flux ayinakuqhubeka ikhula, izinga lokutshintsha kwe-magnetic flux kwi-rotor ye-roduce i-zero iqhubeka, ngoko i-electrotive force i-zero iqhubeka. ecaleni kwendlela yewotshi kunye nezinyo le-convex lishiya intloko yamagnetic, i-gap yomoya phakathi kwezinyo le-convex kunye nentloko yamagnetic iyanda, ukunyuka kwe-magnetic circuit kwanda, kunye ne-magnetic flux iyancipha (dφ/dt< 0), ngoko ke amandla e-electrodynamic e-E angalunganga Xa izinyo le-convex lijika ukuya kumda wokushiya intloko yemagneti, iyancipha i-flux ye-magnetic rate, iyancipha i-flux ye-magnetic rate. φ / df = - (dφ / dt) Max], kunye ne-electromotive force e-induced E iphinda ifikelele kwi-negative maximum (E = -emax) Inzuzo ye-sensor ye-magnetic induction kukuba ayifuni ukunikezelwa kwamandla angaphandle, imagnethi esisigxina idlala indima yokuguqula amandla ombane kumandla ombane, kwaye amandla ayo ombane akayi kulahleka Xa isantya se-injini sitshintsha, isantya sokujikeleza kwamazinyo e-rotor siya kutshintsha, kunye nesantya sokutshintsha kwe-flux kwi-core nayo iya kutshintsha. Amazinyo e-convex kunye nentloko yamagnetic ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuxhathisa kwemagnethi kunye ne-voltage ephumayo ye-coil ye-sensor, i-gap yomoya phakathi kwe-rotor convex kunye nentloko ye-magnetic ayinakuguqulwa ngokuthanda kwayo, ukuba i-gap yomoya iyatshintsha, kufuneka ilungiswe ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo. Isivamvo sesikhundla se-crankshaft: Isivamvo sendawo ye-crankshaft yokungenisa imagnethi ye-Jetta AT, i-GTX kunye ne-Santana 2000GSi ifakwe kwibhloko yesilinda kufuphi ne-clutch kwi-crankcase, equlunqwe ubukhulu becala yejenereyitha yomqondiso kunye ne-rotor yomqondiso. Ikhoyili yokuziva ikwabizwa ngokuba yikhoyili yomqondiso, kwaye intloko kazibuthe incamathele kwimagnethi esisigxina. Intloko kazibuthe imelene ngqo nohlobo lwediski yezinyo uhlobo lwerotor efakwe kwi-crankshaft, kwaye intloko yemagnethi idityaniswe nedyokhwe yemagnethi (ipleyiti yesikhokelo somagnetic) ukwenza i-loop yesikhokelo somagnetic.I-rotor yesiginali yohlobo lwedisc enamazinyo, enamazinyo angama-58 econvex, amazinyo angama-57 amancinci kunye nezinyo elinye elikhulu ngokulinganayo kwisangqa salo. Izinyo elikhulu lilahlekile umqondiso wereferensi yemveliso, ehambelana ne-injini cylinder 1 okanye cylinder 4 compression TDC phambi kwe-engile ethile. Iiradians zamazinyo amakhulu zilingana namazinyo amabini aconvex kunye namazinyo amathathu amancinci. Kuba i-rotor yomqondiso ijikeleza kunye ne-crankshaft, kwaye i-crankshaft ijikeleza kanye (360). , i-rotor yomqondiso iphinda ijikeleze kanye (360). , ngoko ke i-Angle yokujikeleza i-crankshaft ethathwe ngamazinyo e-convex kunye neziphene zezinyo kwi-circumference ye-rotor yomqondiso yi-360. , i-Angle ye-crankshaft ebalwe sisiphene esikhulu sezinyo yi-15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) imeko yokusebenza kwesivamvo se-crankshaft yesivamvo: xa i-sensor yendawo ye-crankshaft kunye ne-crankshaft ijikeleza, umgaqo osebenzayo we-sensor induction sensor, i-signal ye-rotor nganye ijika izinyo le-convex, i-coil ye-coil iya kuvelisa i-emf eguqukayo yexeshana (amandla ombane kubuninzi kunye nobuncinci), i-coil ikhupha isignali yombane otshintshanayo ngokuhambelana. Ngenxa yokuba i-rotor yomqondiso ibonelelwa ngezinyo elikhulu ukuvelisa umqondiso wesalathiso, ngoko ke xa izinyo elikhulu lijika intloko yamagnetic, i-voltage yesignali ithatha ixesha elide, oko kukuthi, umqondiso wemveliso ngumqondiso we-pulse obanzi, ohambelana ne-Angle ethile phambi kwe-cylinder 1 okanye i-cylinder 4 compression TDC. Xa i-electronic control unit (ECU) ifumana isignali ye-pulse ebanzi, inokwazi ukuba indawo ephezulu ye-TDC ye-cylinder 1 okanye i-4 iza. Ngokuphathelele indawo ye-TDC ezayo ye-cylinder 1 okanye i-4, kufuneka inqume ngokuhambelana negalelo lomqondiso kwi-sensor ye-camshaft. Ekubeni i-rotor yesiginali inamazinyo angama-58 e-convex, i-coil ye-sensor iya kuvelisa izibonakaliso ze-58 ezitshintshanayo zombane kwi-revolution nganye ye-rotor ye-signal (i-revolution enye ye-injini ye-crankshaft) . Ngexesha ngalinye i-rotor yomqondiso ijikeleza ecaleni kwe-injini ye-crankshaft, i-coil ye-sensor idla i-58 pulses kwi-electronic control unit (ECU). Ngoko ke, kuzo zonke iisignali ezingama-58 ezifunyenwe yi-sensor yendawo ye-crankshaft, i-ECU iyazi ukuba i-injini ye-crankshaft ijikeleze kanye. Ukuba i-ECU ifumana izibonakaliso ze-116000 kwi-sensor ye-crankshaft kwi-1min, i-ECU ingabala ukuba isantya se-crankshaft n yi-2000 (n=116000/58=2000)r/imvula; Ukuba i-ECU ifumana izibonakaliso ze-290,000 ngomzuzu ukusuka kwi-sensor ye-crankshaft isikhundla, i-ECU ibala i-crank speed ye-5000 (n= 29000/58 =5000)r/min. Ngale ndlela, i-ECU ingabala isantya sokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft ngokusekelwe kwinani leempawu ze-pulse ezifunyenwe ngomzuzu ukusuka kwi-sensor ye-crankshaft isikhundla. Isiginali yesantya se-injini kunye nophawu lomthwalo yeyona miqondiso ibalulekileyo kunye nesiseko solawulo lwenkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki, i-ECU ingabala iiparitha ezintathu zolawulo olusisiseko ngokwezi mpawu zimbini: i-injection esisiseko ye-Angle (ixesha), i-basic ignition advance i-Angle (ixesha) kunye ne-ignition conduction Angle (i-coil yokutshisa i-primary current ngexesha) . uphawu lwereferensi, ukulawulwa kwe-ECU yexesha lokutofa kwe-fuel kunye nexesha lokutshisa lisekelwe kwisignali eyenziwe ngumqondiso. Xa i-ECu ifumana umqondiso oveliswa sisiphene sezinyo elikhulu, ilawula ixesha lokutshisa, ixesha lokutofa kwepetroli kunye nexesha eliphambili langoku lokutshintsha kwekhoyili yokutshisa (oko kukuthi i-Angle conduction) ngokwesignali yesiphako sezinyo elincinci.3) Imoto yeToyota TCCS magnetic induction crankshaft kunye necamshaft position sensor Toyota Computer Control System (1FCCS) isebenzisa imodation yokulawula iComputer kwi-1FCCS umsasazi, oquka amalungu aphezulu nasezantsi. Inxalenye ephezulu yahlulwe kwisignali yereferensi yendawo ye-crankshaft (oku kukuthi i-cylinder identification kunye ne-TDC signal, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-G signal) generator; Inxalenye engezantsi ihlulwe kwisantya se-crankshaft kunye nomqondiso wekona (ebizwa ngokuba yi-Ne signal) i-generator.1) Iimpawu zesakhiwo se-Ne generator ye-signal: I-generator ye-signal ye-Ne ifakwe ngaphantsi kwe-G signal generator, ikakhulukazi ihlanganiswe ne-No. I-rotor ye-signal igxininiswe kwi-shaft ye-sensor, i-sensor shaft iqhutywe yi-camshaft yokusabalalisa igesi, isiphelo esiphezulu se-shaft sixhotywe ngentloko yomlilo, i-rotor inamazinyo angama-24 e-convex. I-coil yokuva kunye nentloko yemagnethi igxininiswe kwi-sensor yezindlu, kwaye intloko yemagnethi igxininiswe kwi-coil yokuva.2) isantya kunye ne-Angle signal generation umgaqo kunye nenkqubo yokulawula: xa i-injini ye-crankshaft, i-valve camshaft sensor signals, emva koko uqhube ukujikeleza kwe-rotor, i-rotor ephumayo amazinyo kunye nomsantsa womoya phakathi kwentloko yemagnethi yokutshintsha ngokutshintshana, ukuguqula umgaqo-magnetic kwi-conduction yokusebenza Uluvo lubonisa ukuba kwikhoyili yokuziva inokuvelisa amandla atshintshanayo e-electromotive. Ngenxa yokuba i-rotor yesiginali inamazinyo angama-24 e-convex, i-coil ye-sensor iya kuvelisa iimpawu ze-24 ezitshintshisayo xa i-rotor ijikeleza kanye. I-revolution nganye ye-sensor shaft (360). Oku kulingana neenguqu ezimbini ze-injini crankshaft (720). , ngoko ke isignali etshintshanayo (okt ixesha lomqondiso) lilingana nokujikeleza kwecrank 30. (720. Yangoku 24 = 30). , ilingana nokujikeleza kwentloko yomlilo 15. (30. Yangoku 2 = 15). . Xa i-ECU ifumana iimpawu ze-24 kwi-generator yesignali ye-Ne, iyakwazi ukwaziwa ukuba i-crankshaft ijikeleza kabini kwaye intloko yokutshisa ijikeleza kanye. Inkqubo yangaphakathi ye-ECU ingabala kwaye imisele isantya se-injini ye-crankshaft kunye nesantya sentloko yokutshisa ngokwexesha lomjikelo wesignali ye-Ne nganye. Ukuze ulawule ngokuchanekileyo i-engile yokulayita kwangaphambili kunye ne-engile yokufaka amafutha phambili, i-Angle ye-crankshaft ihlalwe ngumjikelo ngamnye womqondiso (30. Iikona zincinci. Kukulungele kakhulu ukuphumeza lo msebenzi nge-microcomputer, kunye ne-frequency divider iya kubonisa i-Ne nganye (i-crank Angle 30) ihlulwe ngokulinganayo ibe yi-30 ye-pulselent ye-pulselent kwaye i-pulselent ye-pulselent nganye i-30 1. (30. Present 30 = 1. Ukuba isignali nganye ye-Ne ihlukaniswe ngokulinganayo kwiimpawu ze-pulse ze-60, i-pulse signal nganye ihambelana ne-crankshaft Angle ye-0.5. yepiston top of dead center (TDC) kwaye uchonge ukuba yeyiphi i-cylinder malunga nokufikelela kwisikhundla se-TDC kunye nezinye iimpawu zesalathisi iikhoyili G1 kunye G2 bahlulwe 180 degrees Mounting, i-coil G1 ivelisa umqondiso ehambelana injini yesithandathu cylinder compression phezulu iziko ofileyo 10. Umqondiso eveliswa G2 ikhoyili ihambelana lO phambi koxinzelelo TDC ye-cylinder yokuqala ye-injini. ijenereyitha. Xa i-injini ye-camshaft iqhuba i-sensor shaft ukuze ijikeleze, i-flange ye-rotor ye-G (i-No. Xa inxalenye ye-flange ye-rotor ye-G isondele kwintloko yamagnetic ye-coil yokuva i-G1, isibonakaliso se-pulse esilungileyo senziwa kwi-coil yokuva i-G1, ebizwa ngokuba ngumqondiso we-G1, ngenxa yokuba i-gap yomoya phakathi kwe-flange kunye nentloko yemagnethi iyancipha, i-flux magnetic iyanda kwaye izinga lokutshintsha kwemagnethi lilungile. Xa inxalenye ye-flange ye-rotor ye-G isondele kwi-coil yokuva i-G2, isithuba somoya phakathi kwe-flange kunye nentloko yemagnethi iyancipha kwaye i-magnetic flux iyanda.
