Uhlu lwemveliso kunye nolwahlulo lwe-engile yezinto eziphathekayo
Ngokwembono yokuvelisa izinto zokudambisa, ii-shock absorbers ziquka ii-hydraulic kunye nee-pneumatic shock absorbers, kunye nee-variable damping shock absorbers.
Uhlobo lweHydraulic
I-Hydraulic shock absorber isetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yokumiswa kweemoto. Umgaqo kukuba xa ifreyimu kunye ne-axle zihamba zibuyela umva kwaye i-piston ihamba ibuyela umva kwibharele yesilinda ye-shock absorber, ioyile ekwindlu ye-shock absorber iya kuphuma ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-inner cavity ngokusebenzisa ii-pores ezincinci ukuya kwenye i-inner cavity. Ngeli xesha, i-frostration phakathi kolwelo nodonga lwangaphakathi kunye ne-internal friction yee-molecules zamanzi yenza amandla okudambisa i-vibration.
Iyafuthwa
I-inflatable shock absorber luhlobo olutsha lwe-shock absorber oluphuhliswe ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Le modeli isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba i-floating piston ifakelwe kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-cylinder barrel, kwaye igumbi legesi elivaliweyo elenziwe yi-floating piston kwaye elinye icala le-cylinder barrel lizaliswe yi-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. I-O-ring enkulu ifakelwe kwi-floating piston, eyahlula ngokupheleleyo ioyile negesi. I-piston esebenzayo ixhotyiswe nge-compression valve kunye ne-extension valve etshintsha indawo enqamlezileyo yetshaneli ngesantya sayo sokuhamba. Xa ivili litsiba phezulu nasezantsi, i-working piston ye-shock absorber ihamba ibuyela umva kwi-oyile fluid, nto leyo ebangela umahluko kuxinzelelo lweoyile phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu kunye negumbi elisezantsi le-working piston, kwaye i-pressure oil iya kutyhala i-compression valve kunye ne-extension valve kwaye ihambe ibuyela umva. Njengoko i-valve ivelisa amandla amakhulu okudambisa kwi-pressure oil, i-vibration iyancitshiswa.
Ulwahlulo lwe-engile yesakhiwo
Ulwakhiwo lwe-shock absorber kukuba intonga yepiston enepiston ifakwe kwi-cylinder kwaye i-cylinder izaliswe yioyile. I-piston ine-orifice ukuze ioyile kwiindawo ezimbini zesithuba esahlulwe yi-piston ikwazi ukuncedisana. Ukudambisa kwenziwa xa ioyile ethambileyo idlula kwi-orifice. Okukhona i-orifice incinci, kokukhona amandla okudambisa emakhulu, kokukhona i-viscosity yeoyile inkulu kwaye kokukhona amandla okudambisa emakhulu. Ukuba ubungakanani be-orifice abutshintshi, xa i-shock absorber isebenza ngokukhawuleza, ukudambisa okugqithisileyo kuya kuchaphazela ukufunxwa kwempembelelo. Ke ngoko, i-valve yentwasahlobo yamagqabi enomfanekiso wediski ibekwa kwindawo yokuphuma kwe-orifice. Xa uxinzelelo lusanda, i-valve iyatyhalwa ivuleke, ukuvulwa kwe-orifice kuyanda kwaye ukudambisa kuyancipha. Ngenxa yokuba i-piston ihamba ngeendlela ezimbini, ii-valve zentwasahlobo yamagqabi zifakwa kumacala omabini e-piston, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-compression valve kunye ne-extension valve ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ngokwesakhiwo sayo, i-shock absorber yahlulwe yaba yi-single cylinder kunye ne-double cylinder. Ingahlulwahlulwa ngakumbi ibe: 1 i-single cylinder pneumatic shock absorber; 2. i-double cylinder oil pressure shock absorber; 3. i-double cylinder hydro pneumatic shock absorber.
Ibhareli ephindwe kabini
Kuthetha ukuba i-shock absorber inee-cylinders ezimbini zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, kwaye i-piston ihamba kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokungena kunye nokukhupha i-piston rod, umthamo weoyile kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi uyanda kwaye uyancipha. Ke ngoko, ibhalansi yeoyile kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi kufuneka igcinwe ngokutshintshiselana ne-cylinder yangaphandle. Ke ngoko, kufuneka kubekho ii-valve ezine kwi-shock absorber ye-cylinder ephindwe kabini, oko kukuthi, ukongeza kwii-valve ezimbini ze-throttle kwi-piston ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, kukwakho nee-valve zokuhamba kunye nee-valve zokuhlawula ezifakwe phakathi kwee-cylinders zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ukuze kugqitywe umsebenzi wokutshintshana.
Uhlobo lwebhareli enye
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-double cylinder shock absorber, i-single cylinder shock absorber inesakhiwo esilula kwaye inciphisa iseti yenkqubo yevalvu. I-floating piston ifakelwe kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-cylinder barrel (oko kuthiwa yi-floating kuthetha ukuba akukho piston rod yokulawula intshukumo yayo). Igumbi lomoya elivaliweyo lenziwa phantsi kwe-floating piston kwaye lizaliswe yi-nitrogen enoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Utshintsho olukhankanyiweyo ngasentla kwinqanaba lolwelo olubangelwa yioyile engena nangaphandle kwe-piston rod luhlengahlengiswa ngokuzenzekelayo yi-floating piston. Ngaphandle kwangasentla.
