Ukuhlelwa kwemveliso kunye nokwahlula i-angle yezinto eziphathekayo
Ukusuka kwimbono yokuvelisa izinto zokumanzisa, i-shock absorbers ikakhulu ibandakanya i-hydraulic kunye ne-pneumatic shock absorbers, kunye ne-variable damping shock absorbers.
Uhlobo lweHydraulic
I-Hydraulic shock absorber isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwinkqubo yokumiswa kwemoto. Umgaqo-siseko kukuba xa isakhelo kunye ne-asi ihamba emva naphambili kwaye ipiston ijikeleza emva naphambili kwi-cylinder barrel ye-absorber yokothuka, i-oyile ekwindlu yokufunxa ukothuka iya kuhamba ngokuphindaphindiweyo isuka kumngxuma ongaphakathi ngokusebenzisa imingxuma ethile emxinwa ukuya kwelinye elingaphakathi. umgodi. Ngeli xesha, ukungqubuzana phakathi kolwelo kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi kunye ne-friction yangaphakathi yee-molecule ze-liquid yenza amandla okudambisa kwi-vibration.
Inflatable
Isithambiso esinomoya ovuzayo luhlobo olutsha lokufunxa ukothuka oluphuhliswe ukusukela ngoo-1960. Imodeli yokusetyenziswa ibonakaliswe ngokuba i-piston edadayo ifakwe kwindawo engezantsi ye-cylinder barrel, kunye negumbi legesi elivaliweyo elenziwe yi-piston edadayo kunye nesinye isiphelo se-cylinder barrel igcwele i-nitrogen ephezulu yoxinzelelo. Inxalenye enkulu ye-O-ring ifakwe kwipiston edadayo, eyahlula ngokupheleleyo ioli kunye negesi. I-piston esebenzayo ixhotywe nge-valve yokunyanzeliswa kunye ne-valve yokwandisa etshintsha indawo enqamlezileyo yomzila kunye nesantya esihambayo. Xa ivili litsiba linyuka lisihla, ipiston esebenzayo ye-shock absorber ibuyela emva naphambili kulwelo lweoyile, okukhokelela kumahluko woxinzelelo lwe-oyile phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu kunye negumbi elisezantsi lepiston esebenzayo, kwaye ioyile yoxinzelelo iyakutyhala ivuleke. ivalve yokucinezela kunye nevalve yolwandiso kunye nokuqukuqela umva naphambili. Njengoko ivalve ivelisa amandla amakhulu okudambisa kwioyile yoxinzelelo, ukungcangcazela kuyancipha.
Ukwahlula i-angle yesakhiwo
Isakhiwo se-shock absorber kukuba intonga yepiston enepiston ifakwe kwi-cylinder kwaye i-cylinder igcwele ioli. I-piston ine-orifice ukwenzela ukuba i-oyile kwiindawo ezimbini zesithuba esahlulwe yipiston inokongeza enye kwenye. Ukudambisa kuveliswa xa ioli ye-viscous idlula kwi-orifice. Incinci i-orifice, inamandla amakhulu okudambisa, i-viscosity ye-oyile inkulu kunye namandla amakhulu okudambisa. Ukuba ubukhulu be-orifice buhlala buhlala bungatshintshi, xa i-absorber shock isebenza ngokukhawuleza, ukumanzisa okugqithisileyo kuya kuchaphazela ukufunxa kwempembelelo. Ngoko ke, i-valve ye-spring yeqabunga efana ne-disc ibekwe kwindawo yokuphuma kwi-orifice. Xa uxinzelelo lukhula, i-valve ityhilwa ivuleke, ukuvulwa kwe-orifice kwanda kwaye i-damping iyancipha. Ngenxa yokuba ipiston ihamba kumacala amabini, iivalvu zasentlakohlaza zamagqabi zifakwe kumacala omabini episton, ezibizwa ngokuba ivelufa yoxinzelelo kunye nevalve yokwandisa ngokulandelelanayo.
Ngokwesakhiwo sayo, i-shock absorber ihlukaniswe ibe yi-cylinder enye kunye ne-double cylinder. Isenokwahlulwa kwakhona ibe: 1 Isilinda esinye se-pneumatic shock absorber; 2. I-oyile ye-cylinder ephindwe kabini yoxinzelelo lwe-shock absorber; 3. Isilinda esiphindwe kabini se-hydro pneumatic shock absorber.
Umphanda ophindwe kabini
Kuthetha ukuba i-shock absorber ineesilinda ezimbini zangaphakathi nangaphandle, kwaye i-piston ihamba kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokungena kunye nokukhutshwa kwentonga yepiston, umthamo weoli kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi iyanda kwaye iyancipha. Ngoko ke, ibhalansi yeoli kwi-cylinder yangaphakathi kufuneka igcinwe ngokutshintshiselana ne-cylinder yangaphandle. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kubekho iivalve ezine kwi-double cylinder shock absorber, oko kukuthi, ukongeza kwiivalve ezimbini ze-throttle kwipiston ekhankanywe ngasentla, kukho iivalve kunye neevalve zembuyekezo ezifakwe phakathi kweesilinda zangaphakathi nangaphandle ukugqiba umsebenzi wokutshintshiselana. .
Uhlobo lomphanda omnye
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-double cylinder shock absorber, i-cylinder shock absorber inesakhiwo esilula kwaye iyanciphisa isethi ye-valve system. I-piston edadayo ifakwe kwindawo engezantsi ye-cylinder barrel (into ebizwa ngokuba yinto edadayo ithetha ukuba akukho ntonga yepiston yokulawula ukuhamba kwayo). Igumbi lomoya elivaliweyo lenziwa phantsi kwepiston edadayo kwaye izaliswe yinitrogen yoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Olu tshintsho lukhankanywe ngasentla kwinqanaba lolwelo olubangelwa yioyile ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwentonga yepiston ilungiswa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokudada kwepiston edadayo. Ngaphandle ngasentla
