emanzi
I-SUMS SUM
ipani ye-oyile
Uninzi lweemoto ezibonwe kwimarike ziipani zeoyile ezimanzi. Isizathu sokuba banikwe igama leoyile yeoyile kukuba i-craokshaft crankshaft kunye nesiphelo esikhulu sentonga yokuqhagamshela ye-injini ye-injini yepake kwi-crankshaft. Kwangelo xesha, ngenxa yokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-cranksshaft, ixesha ngalinye i-crankshaft ingene kwi-oyile ephezulu, i-splassing yeoyile kunye ne-nyibing yeoyile iya kuvuswa ukuba inyibilike i-clash. Ngale ndlela, kukho iimfuno ezithile zenqanaba lolwelo lweoyile yokuthambisa kwi-pan pan. If it is too low, the crankshaft crankshaft and the big end of the connecting rod cannot be immersed in the lubricating oil, resulting in a lack of lubrication and smooth crankshaft, connecting rod and bearing bush. ; Ukuba inqanaba leoyile elithambileyo liphezulu kakhulu, ukubizwa kuyantywiliselwa kuyo yonke, eya kwandisa ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft, eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ikhokelele ekusebenzeni kwenjini.
Olu hlobo lwendlela yokuphumelela lunobume obulula kwaye aludingi itanki eyongezelelweyo yeoyile, kodwa utyekelo lwesithuthi akufuneki ukuba lukhulu kakhulu, kungenjalo luya kubangela ingozi yeoyile evuthayo ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kweoyile kunye nokuvuza kweoyile.
yomile
I-supmp eyomileyo
Imali eyomileyo isetyenziswa kwiinjini ezininzi zomdyarho. Ayisigcini ioyile kwisump, ngokuchanekileyo, akukho windows. Umphezulu wengxabano yezi ntshukumo kwi-cranksel inyibilikisiwe ngokucinezela ioyile ngenye i-orifice enye. Kuba i-injini eyomileyo ye-Supmp irhoxisa umsebenzi wokugcina ioyile yesump, ukuphakama kwe-oyile ye-oyile incitshisiwe kakhulu, kwaye ukuphakama kwenjini kuyancitshiswa. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba iphethisela i-phenomena engathandekiyo yesump ebangelwa kukuqhuba kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, lonke uxinzelelo lweoyile yokuthambisa ivela kwimpompo yeoyile. Amandla empompo yeoyile aqhagamshelwe ngamagiya ngokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Nangona kwi-injini ye-Supmp yeSump, impompo yeoyile iyafuneka ukuba ibonelele ngoxinzelelo lwe-camshaft. Kodwa olu uxinzelelo luncinci, kwaye impompo yeoyile ifuna amandla amancinci kakhulu. Kwiinjini ezomileyo zesump, nangona kunjalo, amandla olwazi loxinzelelo kufuneka akhulu ngakumbi. Kwaye ubungakanani bepompo yeoyile kukhulu kakhulu kunempompo yeoyile ye-injini yemini ye-sup. Ke ngoko, impompo yeoyile ifuna amandla amaninzi ngeli xesha. Oku kufana nenjini egcweleyo, impompo yeoyile kufuneka isebenzise inxenye yamandla enjini. Ingakumbi ngesantya esiphezulu, xa isantya se-injini sonyuka, ubunzulu bemidlalo buyanda, kwaye ioyile engaphezulu iyafuneka kwi-pubrication, kwaye impompo yeoyile kufuneka ikhuliswe.
Ngokucacileyo, uyilo olunjalo alulungelanga kwiinjini zezithuthi zaseburhulumenteni, kuba kufuneka uphulukane nenxalenye yamandla enjini, engachaphazeli igalelo lamandla, kodwa alilunganga ekuphuculeni uqoqosho. Ke ngoko, i-spump eyomileyo ixhotywe kuphela ngokususwa okukhulu okanye iinjini ezinamandla ezinamandla, ezinje ngeemoto zezemidlalo ezizelwe ngokuqhuba kakhulu. Umzekelo, i-lambormbeni yamkela uyilo lwe-ioyile eyomileyo. Kuyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula isiphumo se-qubritase kumda kwaye ufumane iziko elisezantsi lomxhuzulane, kwaye ukuphulukana namandla kunokubuyiselwa ngokwandisa ukufuduswa kunye neminye imiba. Ngokuphathelele ukuba nesabelana ngesondo uqoqosho yinto engafuneki ukuba iqwalasele konke konke.
Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa
I-pump yokuthambisa ipetroli yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokubonelela nge-dielise ye-dieliene, kwaye imeko yayo yokusebenza ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla, uqoqosho kunye nokuthembeka komjelo we-dizeli. Ulondolozo oluchanekileyo luphawu olubalulekileyo lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesiqhelo kwenja yepetroli kwaye wandisa ubomi benkonzo. Le "izinto ezilishumi ezilandelayo ikufundisa ngendlela yokugcina i-pump yokutsala ipetroli ye-verators yedizili:
1. Ukugcina ngokufanelekileyo izixhobo zepetroli yepetroli.
Isiciko secala lempompo yomzimba, idipstick ye-oyile, iplagi ye-relill (i-valve ye-oyile, i-oyile ye-oyile ye-oyile, iplagi ye-oyile ye-oyile, iplagi ye-oyile, i-oyile ye-oyile, kufuneka igcinwe ye-bit. Ezi zixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwempundu yentsholongwane. Indima ebalulekileyo. Umzekelo, isiciko secala esecaleni sinokuthintela ukungena kwezimpazamo ezifana nothuli kunye namanzi, i-propitor (kunye nendawo yokucoca i-oyile iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ye-oyile inexinzelelo oluthile kwaye alingeneli umoya. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa ulondolozo lwezixhobo, kwaye ulungise okanye uzitshintshe ngexesha ukuba wonakalisiwe okanye ulahlekile.
2. Jonga rhoqo ukuba ingaba ubungakanani beoyile kunye nomgangatho kwi-oyile ye-oyile yepeyinti yepetroli ihlangabezana neemfuno.
Ngaphambi kokuqala umvelisi wedizili, ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho weoyile kwinja enamafutha mayitshekishwe lixesha ngalinye (ngaphandle kwenja enyanzelekileyo ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo kwaye umgangatho ulungile kwaye umgangatho ulungile. Ngaphandle koko, iya kubangela ukunxiba kwangethuba le-plungle kunye ne-valve ye-oyile, kukhokelela kumandla enjini, ubunzima ekuqaliseni i-plasion kunye nesibini se-valve ye-oyile. Ngenxa yokuvuza kwangaphakathi kwempompo yeoyile, ukusebenza kakubi kwe-vappet yeoyile, ukunxiba i-tappet kunye nokucinywa kwethayile yokutywina kweoyile, ioyile yedizili kuya kuvuza kwi-oyile. Ke ngoko, kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha ngokwemigangatho yeoyile. Itanki icocekile ngokupheleleyo ukuba isuse i-sludge kunye nokunye ukungcola emazantsi etanki yeoyile, kungenjalo ioyile iya kusiwa emva kwexesha elifutshane lokusetyenziswa. Isixa seoyile akufuneki sibe ngaphezulu kakhulu okanye sincinci kakhulu. Ioyile eninzi kwiRhuluneli iya kukhokelela ngokulula kwi "Khawulezayo" yenjini yedizili. Ioli encinci kakhulu iya kubangela i-tyhablity ihlwempu. Idipstick yeoyile okanye isikhafu se-oyile se-oyile siya kubakho. Ukongeza, xa injini yedizili ayisetyenziswanga ixesha elide, kuyimfuneko ukujonga ukuba amanzi anjengeoli kunye neoli yedizeli kwioyile kwi-oyile ye-oyile ye-oyile yePoli. Iziqwenga zirhabaxa kwaye zitshekishwe.
3. Jonga rhoqo kwaye uhlengahlengise ubonelelo lwamafutha kwisilinda ngasinye sepetroli yepetroli.
Ngenxa yokunxitywa kwesibini kunye nesibini esiphuma kwi-valve ye-valve, i-oyile yangaphakathi yeoyile iya kubangela ukuba ubonelelo ngenjini nganye incitshiswe okanye ilingane nobunzima, kunye nokusebenza okungapheliyo. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ujonge kwakhona kwaye uhlengahlengise ubonelelo lwe-Willinds nganye ye-pump yokuthambisa ipemp yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwamandla enjini yedizili. Ngokwenene, isixa semali yesilinda nganye inokugqitywa ngokujonga umsi wokuphelisa umsi wedizi, ukumamela isandi se-injini, kunye nokuchukumisa ubushushu be-Extuald.
4. Sebenzisa imigangatho ephezulu yeoyile.
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubonelela amafutha kwinaliti yamafutha, ngenxa yokutsalwa kweoyile yedizili kunye ne-elaistity ye-oyile ephezulu ye-oyile, ioyile yedizilo ephezulu iya kwenza uxinzelelo lwe-shit, kwaye kuthatha ixesha elithile le-PAVID yokudlulisela kumbhobho. Imali iyunifomu, i-injini yedizili isebenza kakuhle, kwaye ubude nobubanzi be-oyile ephezulu yeoyile kukhethwe emva kokubala. Ke ngoko, xa umbhobho weoyile ephezulu ye-cylinder ethile yonakalisiwe, imibhobho yeoyile yobude obusemgangathweni kunye nobubanzi bombhobho kufuneka itshintshwe. Ngokufanelekileyo Nangona inokusetyenziswa ngexesha likaxakeka, iya kukhokelela ekunikezelweni kweoyile yesilinda. Ukutshintsha kwe-Angle ye-Angle kunye nexabiso leoyile kwenza ukuba lo matshini usebenze ngokungazinzi, oko kusetyenziswa i-oyile ephezulu kakhulu kufuneka isetyenziswe.
I-5. Jonga rhoqo imeko yokutywina yesibini esitshatileyo kumatshini.
Emva kwenja inja isebenza kangangexesha elithile, ngokujonga imeko yokutywina kwe-valve yokuthengisa i-pie, isigwebo esinxilisayo sinokwenziwa ekunxibelweni kwe-plum, imeko yokusebenza yempompo yepetroli, eyiyo indlela yokulungisa. Xa ujonga, ungayikhupheli i-oyile ephezulu ye-oyile yesilinda nganye, kwaye usebenzise impompo yeoyile yesandla kwimpompo yokuhanjiswa kweoyile kwimpompo yempompo. Ukuba ioyile ihamba ngamalungu o-oyile e-oyile ephezulu kwinja yepetroli, oko kuthetha ukuba i-valve ye-oyile ayizange ityhutywe kakuhle (ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuba i-valting ye-oyile iqhekezwe kwaye igcinwe igcinwe, kwaye isibini esitshatileyo kufuneka sitshintshwe.
I-6. Faka endaweni ye-subn puturg kunye ne-oyile yokuphuma kwe-vallve kwi-vallve ngexesha.
Xa kufumanisa ukuba injini yedizili inzima ukuqala, amandla ancipha, kwaye ukuselwa kwamafutha kunyuka, kwaye inaliti ye-pulks yepetroli ayikaphuculwanga ngokuhlengahlengiswa ivali yepetroli kwaye ivaliwe ivali yepetroli kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye ihlolwe. Ukuba i-plumbor kunye ne-valve ye-piel yokuthengisa inxitywe ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha, musa ukunyanzelisa ukuphinda usebenzise kwakhona. I-Diezil injini iqalisa ubunzima, ukunyusa ukusetyenziswa kweefutha, amandla angonelanga kunye nezinye ilahleko ezibangelwa kukunxiba iindleko zokutshintsha iindleko zokutshintsha iindleko, kwaye uqoqosho kunye noqoqosho lwedizili ziya kuphuculwa kakhulu emva kokutshintsha. Iinxalenye ezingena endaweni.
I-7. Ioli yedizili kufuneka isetyenziswe kwaye icocelwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ioyile yedizili ingena kwinja yenja icocekile kakhulu.
Ngokubanzi, izihlalo zeDiesel zineemfuno eziphezulu zedizili kwiinjini ze-petroli. I-Dielish I-OOS ehlangabezana namaBanga ayimfuneko kufuneka ikhethwe ukuba isetyenziswe, kwaye kufuneka zithintelwe iiyure ezingama-48 ubuncinci. Ukomeleza ukucoca kunye nokugcinwa kwecebo lokucoca i-dielie, ukucoca okanye ukutshintsha into yokuhluza ngexesha; Coca itanki yedizili ngexesha ngokwendawo yendalo yokusebenza, susa i-sludge kunye nokufuma emazantsi etayini yedizili kunye nemveliso ye-oyile. I-corrosion enzulu okanye i-offer batyena ne-valve kunye neenxalenye zosulelo.
8. Jonga rhoqo kwaye uhlengahlengise i-ofisi ye-ofisi ye-onle yepetroli yepeyinti kunye nepetroli yepetroli ye-angile yesilinda nganye.
Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ngenxa yokukhululeka kwe-bolts ye-bolts kunye nokunxibisa iinxalenye zeCamshaft kunye ne-roller yomzimba, i-angle yeoyile yeoyile kunye ne-angle yeoyile isetyenziswa, kunye namandla noqoqosho kunye noqoqosho lwenjini yedizili. Intsebenzo iyoyisiza, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, kunzima ukuqala, ukungazinzisi, ingxolo engaqhelekanga kunye nengxolo enkulu. Ngokwenene, uninzi lwabaqhubi banikela ingqalelo kuhlolo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-ofisi ye-ofisi ye-Ower, kodwa ungayihoyi uhlolo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-Angle ye-Angival Angel Angle (ebandakanya uhlengahlengiso lwe-pump yokuqhubela phambili). Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunxitywa kwee-camshafts kunye neenxalenye zosulelo lwe-roller, ukuhanjiswa kweoyile yezilangazelelo akunyanzelekanga ukuba kubekho ixesha lokugcina i-injini, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, ngakumbi kwinja esetyenzisiweyo. Kutshiwo ukuba ingqalelo engaphezulu kufuneka ihlawulwe kuhlolo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-angle ye-oyile.
9. Ukujonga rhoqo ukucocwa kweCamshaft.
Ukucaciswa kwe-axial ye-camshaft yenja yenja eqinileyo ingqongqo kakhulu, ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-0.03 kunye ne-0.15mm. Ukuba imvume inkulu kakhulu, iya kwandikhulisa ifuthe leendawo zokugcina amanzi e-roller kumphezulu wokusebenza kwe-cam, ngaloo ndlela ikhulisa ukunxiba kwangethuba le-cam kunye nokutshintsha ubonelelo. I-AILI ENQANA I-Camshaft ephethe ishafti kunye nokucaciswa kwe-radial krakra kakhulu, kulula ukubangela i-camshaft isebenze ngokungalinganiyo, ivolumu yokuhambisa ioyile isebenza ngokungathandaziweyo, kuyafuneka ukuba ilungiswe rhoqo. Xa i-axial imvume yeCamshaft inkulu kakhulu, i-shims inokongezwa kumacala omabini ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso. Ukuba imvume ye-radicial inkulu kakhulu, imfuneko ngokubanzi ukuba ithathe indawo yemveliso entsha.
10. Rhoqo Jonga ukuTshintshana kweendlela ezichaphazelekayo kunye nokulungisa iibhloko.
Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zeendlela kunye neebhotile ikakhulu zibhekisa kwiindlela zeCamshaft ze-Camshaft, i-Coupnging Flangel Foongey Iqhosha lendlela yaseCamshaft, isitshixo se-Flange Sokhi kunye ne-semicircture yempompo yenaliti isetyenzisiwe ixesha elide, kwaye isitshixo se-semicircular siyafakwa ngokuqinileyo, kunye ne-engile yeoyile yolondolozo lweoli; Kwimeko eqatha, eyona nto iphambili kuyo, ikhokelela ekungaphumeleli kusulelo lwamandla. , ke kuyimfuneko ukukhangela rhoqo kwaye ulungise okanye ukutshintsha iindawo ezinxibe ngexesha.
Ukulumkela
Inkuthazo yeDiesel
1. I-O-o-i-onet yenatha yonakele;
2. I-Amiphection ihlwempuzekileyo ye-ijector, inyibilikisi ioyile;
3. Ukufakwa ngokungafanelekanga kwenaliti;
I-4. I-O-iringi ayizange itshintshwe xa i-intictorted yabuyiselwa.
Ukugcinwa kwe-cummins generage kufuneka inikele ingqalelo:
1) Indawo yokugcina indawo yetanki yamafutha kufuneka ikhuseleke ukunqanda umlilo. Itanki yamafutha okanye i-oyile ye-oyile kufuneka ibekwe kwindawo ebonakalayo yedwa, i kude nemveliso yedizili esetiweyo, kwaye kuthintelwe ukutshaya.
2) Umthamo we-oyile kwitanki yamafutha kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba zinikezelwe imihla ngemihla.
3) Emva kokuba itanki yeoyile ibekwe, olona nqanaba liphezulu leoyile alunakuba ngaphezulu kweemitha ezi-2,5 ngaphezulu kwesiseko se-Dienerator esetiweyo. Ukuba inqanaba le-oyile le-oyile elikhulu liphezulu leemitha ezi-2,5, itanki yeoyile yemihla ngemihla kufuneka yongezwe phakathi kwedepho enkulu yeoyile kunye neyunithi ukwenza uxinzelelo lweoyile yeoyile. Hayi ngaphezulu kweemitha ezi-2,5. Naxa injini yedizili icinyiwe, ipetroli ayivumelekanga ukuba ifike kwinjini yedizili ngomgca we-piel kumgca we-piel okanye inaliti yamafutha.
4) Ukuxhathisa kwizibuko leoyile akuvunyelwanga ukuba ligqithe ixabiso elichaziweyo kuzo zonke ii-Injini zedatha ye-Injini ye-Injini xa usebenzisa into ecocekileyo yokucoca. Ixabiso lokuchasana lisekwe kwisiqingatha sepetroli kwitanki yamafutha.
I-5) Ukubuyisa ipetroli akufuneki kugqithise kwinkcazo kwiphepha ledatha yentsebenzo esetyenzisiweyo.
I-6) Unxibelelwano lwe-Puellio ye-Puel I-Pipeline ayifanelekanga ukuba ingenzi maseva owoyikisayo ukuba ivele kumbhobho weoyile ye-oyile.
