Izixhobo zeqela le-crankshaft flywheel yenjini
Okokuqala, i-crankshaft
I-crankshaft yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zenjini, umsebenzi wayo kukumelana noxinzelelo lwegesi oluvela kwiqela le-piston connecting rod ukuya kwi-torque ye-crankshaft kunye ne-output yangaphandle, ukongeza, i-crankshaft ikwasetyenziselwa ukuqhuba i-valve mechanism yenjini kunye nezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo (ezifana neejenereyitha, iifeni, iimpompo zamanzi, iimpompo zokuqhuba amandla, i-balance shaft mechanism, njl.njl.)
Iqela le-flywheel ye-Crankshaft: i-1- pulley; ivili lebhanti yamazinyo e-crankshaft eli-2; i-sprocket ye-crankshaft ezi-3; i-4- Crankshaft; i-5- crankshaft main bearing (ephezulu); i-6- Flywheel; i-7- Speed sensor signal generator; i-8, i-11- thrust pad; i-9- crankshaft main bearing (ezantsi); i-10- crankshaft main bearing cover.
Xa i-crankshaft isebenza, kufuneka imelane notshintsho oluqhubekayo kuxinzelelo lwegesi, amandla angenawo amandla kunye namandla e-centrifugal, kunye ne-torque kunye nomzuzu wokugoba phantsi kokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu, kulula ukugoba kunye nokuguquguquka, ngoko ke, i-crankshaft kufuneka ibe namandla aneleyo kunye nokuqina, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kunye nokulinganisela okuhle. I-crankshaft ngokubanzi yenziwe ngentsimbi ye-carbon alloy ephakathi, kwaye umphezulu wejenali uphathwa ngokucinywa okanye ukunitrida okuphezulu. I-crankshaft yenjini yeShanghai Santana yenziwe nge-die forging yentsimbi ye-carbon ephakathi esemgangathweni ophezulu. Iinjini ze-Audi JW kunye neYuchai YC6105QC zenziwe ngentsimbi ye-rare earth ductile engabizi kakhulu, enamandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle.
1. Ulwakhiwo lwe-crankshaft
I-crankshaft ngokubanzi yenziwe ngesiphelo sangaphambili, intamo yeshaft ephambili, i-crank, i-counterweight, ijenali yentonga yokudibanisa kunye nesiphelo sangasemva. I-crank yenziwe yijenali yentonga yokudibanisa kunye neejenali zayo eziphambili zasekhohlo nasekunene. Inani le-crankshaft ye-crankshaft lixhomekeke kwinani kunye nolungiselelo lweesilinda. I-crankshaft yenjini ye-cylinder enye ine-crank enye kuphela; Inani le-crankshaft ye-crankshaft yenjini ekwi-line lilingana nenani leesilinda; Inani lee-crankshaft kwi-crankshaft yenjini ye-V lilingana nesiqingatha senani leesilinda. I-shaft yangaphambili ye-crankshaft ifakwe i-pulley, igiya yexesha, njl.njl., esetyenziselwa ukuqhuba ipompo yamanzi kunye ne-valve mechanism. Intamo ye-spindle ye-crankshaft ifakwe kwisihlalo esiphambili sebheyari yomzimba we-cylinder kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuxhasa i-crankshaft. Ijenali yentonga yokudibanisa isetyenziselwa ukufaka intonga yokudibanisa, kwaye i-crank iqhagamshela ijenali ye-shaft ephambili kunye nejenali yentonga yokudibanisa. Ukuze kulinganiswe amandla e-centrifugal xa i-crankshaft ijikeleza, kunikwa ibhloko yokulinganisela kwi-crankshaft. I-flange edibanisayo ibonelelwa ngasemva kwe-crankshaft ukuze kuqhagamshelwe i-flywheel kwi-crankshaft ngeebholiti. Ukuze kuthanjiswe i-connecting rod journal, kugrunjwa indlela yokuthambisa ukusuka kwi-main shaft journal ukuya kwi-connecting rod journal. I-integral crankshaft ilula ngesakhiwo, ilula ngobunzima kwaye ithembekile ekusebenzeni, kwaye ngokubanzi isebenzisa iibheringi ezicacileyo, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini eziphakathi nezincinci.
2. Umgaqo wokubekwa kwe-crank
Ukuma kwe-crankshaft kunye nendawo ehambelanayo ye-crank nganye kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwinani lee-cylinders, ulungiselelo lwee-cylinders kunye nomyalelo wokusebenza kwe-cylinder nganye. Xa ulungiselela ulandelelwano lomsebenzi wenjini, le mithetho ilandelayo kufuneka ilandelwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka:
Yenza ii-cylinders ezimbini zisebenze ngokuqhubekayo ziqelelene kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze kuncitshiswe umthwalo we-main bearing, kwaye kuthintelwe ukwenzeka kweevalvu ezimbini ezidibeneyo ezivulekayo ngaxeshanye ngexesha lenkqubo yokungenisa, kwaye isiganeko "sokubamba umoya" sichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inflation yenjini.
(1) Ixesha lokusebenza I-engile yesilinda nganye kufuneka ilingane ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenjini. Ngaphakathi kwi-engile ye-crankshaft apho injini igqibezela khona umjikelo wokusebenza, isilinda nganye kufuneka isebenze kube kanye. Kwinjini ye-four-stroke enenombolo yesilinda i, ixesha lokusebenza I-engile yi-720°/i. Oko kukuthi, i-720°/i nganye ye-crankshaft kufuneka ibe nesilinda yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuba injini isebenza kakuhle.
(2) Ukuba yinjini yohlobo lwe-V, iikholamu zasekhohlo nezasekunene zeesilinda kufuneka zisebenze ngokutshintshana.
3. Ulungiselelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-crank yenjini ye-multi-cylinder kunye nomyalelo wokusebenza
Ulungiselelo lwe-crankshaft kunye ne-crank yenjini ye-in-line four-stroke. Ixesha lokusebenza I-engile yenjini ye-in-line four-cylinder four-stroke yi-720°/4=180°, ii-crank ezine zicwangciswe kwindawo enye, kwaye ulandelelwano lokusebenza kwenjini (okanye ulandelelwano lokutshaya) yi-1-3-4-2 okanye i-1-2-4-3. Isixhobo sokutshaya esijikelezayo esisetyenziswa rhoqo sine-single-side semi-circular thrust pad ene-anti-friction metal layer, i-crankshaft main bearing ene-flanging kunye ne-round thrust ring ineefom ezintathu. I-thrust pad yi-semi-ring steel sheet ene-anti-friction alloy layer ngaphandle, efakwe kwi-groove yomzimba okanye kwi-main bearing cover. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukujikeleza kwe-thrust pad, i-thrust pad ine-bulge ebambeke kwi-groove. Ezinye ii-thrust pads zisebenzisa iziqwenga ezi-4 ukwenza imida emibini yesangqa, kwaye ezinye zisebenzisa iziqwenga ezi-2 zemida. Icala eline-anti-friction metal kufuneka lijonge kwi-crankshaft.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izimisele ukuthengisa iinxalenye zeemoto ze-MG&MAUXS kwaye wamkelekile ukuzithenga.
