Ipani yeoli.
I-oyile ye-oyile sisisiqingatha esisezantsi se-crankcase, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-crankcase esezantsi. Umsebenzi kukuvala i-crankcase njengeqokobhe letanki yokugcina i-oyile, ukuthintela ukungcola ekungeneni, kunye nokuqokelela nokugcina i-oyile yokuthambisa equkuqela umva ukusuka kumphezulu wokukhuhlana we-injini ye-diesel, ukutshabalalisa ubushushu obuthile, kunye nokuthintela i-oxidation ye-oyile yokuthambisa.
I-Oli Sump ibekwe ngaphantsi kwe-injini: iyasuswa kwaye itywine i-crankcase njengendlu yetanki yeoli. Ipani yeoli yenziwe ubukhulu becala ngentsimbi ecekethekileyo yokugximfiza ipleyiti, kwaye ubume obuntsokothileyo budla ngokuba yintsimbi okanye ialluminiyam. I-oil stabilizer baffle yangaphakathi ifakelwe ukunqanda ukothuka komphezulu we-oyile okubangelwa yi-injini ye-diesel turbulence splash, ehambelana nemvula yokungcola kwe-oyile yokuthambisa, kwaye icala lixhotyiswe ngegeji yeoli ukujonga isixa seoli. Ukongezelela, inxalenye ephantsi ye-pan ye-oyile nayo ixhotyiswe ngeplagi yokukhupha ioli.
uhlobo olumanzi
Uninzi lweemoto kwimarike zimanzi sump ye-oyile, isizathu sokuba ibizwa ngokuba yi-oyile emanzi, kungenxa yokuba i-crankshaft crank kunye nentloko yentonga yokudibanisa ye-injini iya kuntywiliselwa kwi-oyile yokuthambisa ye-oyile ye-oyile kanye kanye ukujikeleza kwe-crankshaft, idlala indima yokuthambisa, kwaye ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu sokusebenza kwe-crankshaft kwisantya esiphezulu se-oyile iya kuntywiliswa kwi-oyile ye-oyile. vuthulula iintyatyambo ezithile zeoli kunye nenkungu yeoli. Ukuthanjiswa kwe crankshaft kunye nokuthwala kubizwa ngokuba yi-splash lubrication. Ngale ndlela, ukuphakama kwenqanaba lolwelo lwe-oyile yokuthambisa kwi-pan yeoli kuneemfuno ezithile, ukuba iphantsi kakhulu, i-crankshaft crank kunye nentloko yentonga yokudibanisa ayinakuntywiliselwa kwi-oyile yokuthambisa, okukhokelela kukungabikho kokuthambisa kunye ne-crankshaft egudileyo kunye nentonga yokudibanisa kunye neqokobhe elithwala; Ukuba inqanaba le-oyile yokuthambisa liphezulu kakhulu, liya kukhokelela ekuntywilisweni okupheleleyo, ukuze ukuchasana nokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft kunyuke, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokhelele ekuhleni kokusebenza kwe-injini, ngelixa i-oyile yokuthambisa kulula ukungena kwigumbi lokutsha le-cylinder, okukhokelela ekutshisweni kwe-oyile ye-injini, i-spark plug carbon accumulation kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Le ndlela yokuthambisa ilula kwisakhiwo kwaye ayifuni enye itanki yamafutha, kodwa i-tilt yesithuthi ayinakuba mkhulu kakhulu, ngaphandle koko kuya kubangela ingozi ye-cylinder evuthayo ngenxa yokuphulwa kweoli kunye nokuvuza kweoli.
udidi olomileyo
Iisumpu ezomileyo zisetyenziswa kwiinjini zomdyarho ezininzi. Ayigcini ioli epanini yeoli, okanye ngokuchanekileyo, akukho pan yeoli. Le miphezulu ishukumayo kwikhrankcase ithambisa ngokucinezela ngaphandle i-oyile ngomngxuma wokulinganisa imitha. Ngenxa yokuba i-pan ye-oyile eyomileyo irhoxisa umsebenzi we-oyile ye-oyile yokugcina i-oyile, ukuphakama kwe-oyile ekrwada kuncitshiswe kakhulu, ukuphakama kwe-injini kuyancipha, kwaye inzuzo yeziko eliphantsi lomxhuzulane lilungele ukulawula. Inzuzo ephambili kukuphepha ukwenzeka kwe-pan yeoli emanzi ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zezinto ezimbi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lweoyile yokuthambisa luvela kwimpompo yeoli. Amandla ompompo yeoli adityaniswe ngegiya ngokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Nangona kwi-injini ye-sump emanzi nangona ipompo yeoli iyafuneka ukuba ibonelele ngoxinzelelo lwe-lubrication ye-camshaft. Kodwa olu xinzelelo luncinci kakhulu, kwaye impompo yeoli idinga amandla amancinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinjini ze-oyile eyomileyo, amandla olu xinzelelo lokuthambisa kufuneka abe lukhulu. Kwaye ubungakanani bempompo yeoli bukhulu kakhulu kunobo benjini ye-oyile emanzi. Ngoko ngeli xesha impompo yeoli idinga amandla amaninzi. Oku kufana ne-injini echajiwe kakhulu, impompo yeoli idinga ukusebenzisa inxalenye yamandla enjini. Ngokukodwa ngesantya esiphezulu, isantya se-injini siyenyuka, ukuqina kwentshukumo yeendawo zokukhuhlana kuyenyuka, kwaye ne-oyile yokuthambisa iyafuneka, ngoko ke impompo yeoli ifuna ukubonelela ngoxinzelelo olukhulu, kwaye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla e-crankshaft kuqiniswa.
Ngokucacileyo, uyilo olunjalo alufanelekanga kwiinjini zezithuthi eziqhelekileyo, kuba kufuneka kulahlekelwe inxalenye yamandla e-injini, engayi kuchaphazela kuphela amandla ombane, kodwa ayilungele ukuphucula uqoqosho. I-Dry sumps ke ngoko ifumaneka kuphela kwii-injini eziphezulu zokufuduka okanye ezinamandla amakhulu, ezifana nezo zakhelwe ukuqhuba kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, iLamborghini kukusetyenziswa kwe-pan yokuyila i-oyile eyomileyo, ngenxa yoko, ukwandisa umda wesiphumo sokuthanjiswa kunye nokufumana iziko eliphantsi lomxhuzulane kubaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ilahleko yamandla ingenziwa ngokwandisa ukufuduka kunye neminye imiba, njengoko kuqoqosho, ngaba lo mzekelo akufuneki ukuqwalasela.
Impompo yokutofa ngamafutha yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha kwijenereyitha yedizili. Imeko yayo yokusebenza ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla, uqoqosho kunye nokuthembeka kwejeneretha ye-diesel. Ukugcinwa okuchanekileyo kuyimfuno ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwempompo yokutofa kwamafutha kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo. Ezi "elementi ezilishumi" zilandelayo zikufundisa ukuba ungayigcina njani impompo yokutofa yejenereyitha yedizili:
Okokuqala, ukugcina ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo zempompo yesitofu.
Isigqubuthelo secala lempompo, idiphu, iplagi yamafutha (izixhobo zokuphefumla), ivalve yokuphuphuma kweoyile, iplagi ye-oyile yeplagi, i-oil plane screw, i-oil pump fixing bolt, njl., Ukuqinisekisa ukuba, ezi zixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumsebenzi wempompo yokutofa kwamafutha. Ngokomzekelo, i-cover cover inokuthintela ukungena kothuli, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, i-respirator (ene-filter) inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuchithwa kweoli, kunye ne-valve yokuphuphuma kweoli iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ye-fuel ine-pressure ethile ngaphandle kokungena emoyeni. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa ukugcinwa kwezi zincedisi, kwaye ufumanise ukuba umonakalo okanye ukulahleka kufuneka kulungiswe okanye kufakwe endaweni ngexesha.
Okwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo ukuba isixa seoli kwi-fuel injection pump oil pool kunye nomgangatho wayo uhlangabezana neemfuno.
Ixesha ngalinye ngaphambi kokuba uqalise i-diesel generator kufuneka uhlolisise ubungakanani beoli kwimpompo yokutofa kunye nomgangatho wayo (ngaphandle kwempompo yokutofa enyanzeliswa ukuba ithanjiswe yi-injini), ukuqinisekisa ukuba inani leoli lanele kwaye umgangatho ulungile, ukuba i-oyile iyancipha ngenxa yokuxutywa kwamanzi okanye idizili, ukukhanya kuya kubangela ukuguga kwangaphambili kwe-plunger kunye ne-injini yokuphuma kwe-oyile, kubangele ukuba i-injini ye-injini ye-diesel ibe nzima, kubangele ukuba i-injini ye-oyile iqalise ukusebenza kakuhle. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kuya kubangela ukubola kunye nokuhlwa kwe-plunger kunye nevalve yokuphuma kweoli. Ngenxa yokuvuza kwimpompo yeoli, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwevalve yokuphuma kweoyile, ukunxitywa kwetappet kunye neqokobhe lempompo yeoli, kunye nomonakalo womsesane wokutywina, i-oyile ye-diesel iya kuvuza kwiphuli yeoli kwaye ihlambulule ioyile, ngoko ke kufuneka ithathelwe indawo ngexesha ngokuhambelana nomgangatho weoyile, kwaye ichibi leoyile kufuneka licocwe ngokucokisekileyo xa lisuswa endaweni yalo, kungenjalo i-oyile iya kususwa. ioli iya konakala ngexesha elifutshane. Isixa seoli ayikwazi ukuba kakhulu okanye incinci kakhulu, i-fuel eninzi kwirhuluneli, kulula ukukhokelela kwi-injini ye-diesel "ehambayo", i-fuel encinci iya kwenza i-lubrication engafanelekanga, kufuneka isekelwe kwi-oil rule okanye i-oil plane screw. Ukongezelela, xa injini ye-diesel ingasetyenziswanga ixesha elide, qiniseka ukuba ukhangele ukuba kukho amanzi, idizili kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-oil pump oil pool, ukuba kukho ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle koko ngenxa yokugcinwa kwexesha elide, amanzi kulula ukwenza i-plunger, i-valve yeoli edibanisa iindawo zokugqwala kunye nokufa.
Okwesithathu, kufuneka sihlolisise rhoqo kwaye silungelelanise ukunikezelwa kweoli kwi-cylinder nganye yepompo yokutofa.
Ngenxa yokonakala kunye nokukrazuka kokudibanisa i-plunger kunye nokudibanisa ivalve ye-oyile, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwedizili kuya kubangela ukunikezelwa kwe-oyile kwisilinda ngasinye kwehle okanye kungalingani, okukhokelela kubunzima bokuqalisa injini ye-diesel, ukungabikho kwamandla, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwe-fuel, kunye nokungazinzi kokusebenza. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo kwaye ulungelelanise ukunikezelwa kweoli kwi-cylinder nganye yepompo yokutofa ukuqinisekisa amandla enjini ye-diesel. Eyona nto isetyenziswayo, ubungakanani beoyile ekhutshwa ngumbhobho ngamnye unokumiselwa ngokujonga umsi ophumayo wejenereyitha yedizili, ukumamela isandi senjini, nokubamba iqondo lobushushu eliphindaphindekayo.
Okwesine, ukusebenzisa iityhubhu esemgangathweni yoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ipompo yokutofa ngamafutha kwinkqubo yonikezelo lweoyile, ngenxa yokunyanzeliswa kweoyile yedizili, ukuqina kwetyhubhu yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, idizili enoxinzelelo oluphezulu iyakwenza ukuguquguquka koxinzelelo kwityhubhu, ukuhanjiswa kwamaza oxinzelelo kwityhubhu kuthatha ixesha elithile, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-cylinder yonikezelo lweoyile i-Angle ayiguquguquki, unikezelo lweoyile lufanayo, idizili ekhethiweyo isebenza ngokugudileyo, ubude be-injini yedizili busebenza ngokugudileyo, ubude bedizili busebenza. ukubala. Ngoko ke, xa i-high-pressure tubing ye-cylinder yonakaliswa, i-tubing enobude obuqhelekileyo kunye nobubanzi kufuneka ithathelwe indawo. Ekusetyenzisweni okwenyani, ngenxa yokungabikho kwetyhubhu eqhelekileyo, sebenzisa enye iityhubhu endaweni yokuqwalasela ukuba ubude betyhubhu kunye nobubanzi bombhobho buyafana, ukuze ubude betyhubhu kunye nobubanzi bombhobho buhluke kakhulu, nangona inokusetyenziswa kwimeko kaxakeka, kodwa iya kukhokelela kutshintsho kwi-Angle yonikezelo lwe-oyile kunye nobungakanani bonikezelo lweoyile yomatshini wokuhambisa i-cylinder ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa komgangatho ongalinganiyo kwangaphambili, iityhubhu ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Isihlanu, ukujonga rhoqo ukutywinwa kokudibanisa ivalve.
Ipompo ye-injection isebenza ixesha elithile, kwaye ngokujonga imeko yokutywinwa kwe-valve yeoli, ukugqoka i-plunger kunye nemeko yokusebenza yepompo yeoli inokugwetywa ngokufanelekileyo, ehambelana nokumisela indlela yokulungisa nokugcina. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, khulula i-high-pressure ye-tubing joint ye-cylinder nganye kunye ne-oyile yepompo kunye nempompo yesandla yempompo yeoli, ukwenzela ukuba kubekho ukuhamba kweoli ephuma kwi-tubing joint phezulu kwimpompo yokutofa, ebonisa ukuba i-valve ye-oil seal ayilunganga (ngokuqinisekileyo, njenge-valve ye-oil spring yaphukile), njenge-valve ye-oyile ephukileyo, njenge-valve ye-oyile ephukileyo kunye ne-injection ye-seal ephosakeleyo kufuneka ithathe indawo ye-cylinders kunye ne-injection eninzi kunye ne-injection.
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba xa ufuna such iimveliso.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophelele ekuthengiseni MG & MAUXS iinxalenye auto wamkelekile ukuthenga.
