Ipani yeoyile.
Ipani yeoyile yinxenye esezantsi ye-crankcase, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-crankcase esezantsi. Umsebenzi kukuvala i-crankcase njengegobolondo letanki yokugcina ioyile, ukuthintela ukungcola ukuba kungangeni, kunye nokuqokelela nokugcina ioyile yokuthambisa ebuya kumphezulu wokungqubana kwenjini yedizili, ukukhupha ubushushu obuthile, kunye nokuthintela i-oxidation yeoyile yokuthambisa.
I-Oil Sump ifumaneka ngaphantsi kwenjini: iyasuswa kwaye itywina i-crankcase njengendawo yokugcina itanki yeoyile. Ipani yeoyile yenziwe kakhulu ngepleyiti yentsimbi ebhityileyo, kwaye imilo eyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi idla ngokuba yintsimbi ephoswe okanye i-aluminium alloy. I-oyile stabilizer baffle yayo yangaphakathi ifakwe ukuze kuthintelwe ukutshayiswa komphezulu yeoyile okubangelwa kukutshixiza kwenjini yedizili, okunceda ekungeneni kokungcola kweoyile okuthambisayo, kwaye icala lixhotyiswe nge-oyile gauge ukujonga ubungakanani beoyile. Ukongeza, inxalenye esezantsi esezantsi yepani yeoyile ikwaxhotyiswe ngeplagi yokukhupha ioyile.
uhlobo olumanzi
Uninzi lweemoto ezithengiswayo zi-wet oil sump, isizathu sokuba ibizwa ngokuba yi-wet oil sump kukuba i-crankshaft crank kunye nentloko yentonga yokudibanisa yenjini ziya kuntywiliselwa kwi-oyile yokuthambisa ye-oyile sump kanye xa kujikeleziswa i-crankshaft, idlala indima yokuthambisa, kwaye ngenxa yokusebenza kwe-crankshaft ngesantya esiphezulu, ixesha ngalinye i-crank intywiliselwa echibini le-oyile ngesantya esiphezulu, iya kuvuselela iintyatyambo ezithile ze-oyile kunye ne-oyile nkungu. Ukuthambisa i-crankshaft kunye ne-bearing kubizwa ngokuba yi-splash lubrication. Ngale ndlela, ukuphakama kolwelo lwe-oyile yokuthambisa kwipani ye-oyile kuneemfuno ezithile, ukuba ziphantsi kakhulu, i-crankshaft crank kunye nentloko yentonga yokudibanisa ayinakuntywiliselwa kwi-oyile yokuthambisa, okubangela ukungabikho kwe-lubrication kunye ne-crankshaft egudileyo kunye ne-connecting rod shell; Ukuba inqanaba leoyile yokuthambisa liphezulu kakhulu, liya kukhokelela ekuntywilisweni ngokupheleleyo kweebheringi, ukuze ukumelana nokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft kunyuke, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele ekwehleni kokusebenza kwenjini, ngelixa ioyile yokuthambisa kulula ukungena kwigumbi lokutsha kwesilinda, okubangela ukutsha kweoyile yenjini, ukuqokelelwa kwekhabhoni ye-spark plug kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Le ndlela yokuthambisa ilula kwaye ayifuni enye itanki yepetroli, kodwa ukuthambekela kwesithuthi akunakuba kukhulu kakhulu, kungenjalo kuya kubangela ingozi yesilinda etshayo ngenxa yokuqhekeka kweoyile kunye nokuvuza kweoyile.
uhlobo olomileyo
Ii-dry sumps zisetyenziswa kwiinjini ezininzi zeemoto zomdyarho. Ayigcini ioyile kwipani yeoyile, okanye ngokuchanekileyo, akukho pani yeoyile. Ezi ndawo zishukumayo kwi-crankcase zithambisa ngokucinezela ioyile ngomngxuma wokulinganisa. Ngenxa yokuba injini yepani yeoyile eyomileyo irhoxisa umsebenzi wepani yeoyile wokugcina ioyile, ukuphakama kwepani yeoyile ekrwada kuncitshisiwe kakhulu, ukuphakama kwenjini nako kuncitshisiwe, kwaye inzuzo yesiseko esisezantsi somxhuzulane ilungele ulawulo. Inzuzo ephambili kukuphepha ukwenzeka kwepani yeoyile emanzi ngenxa yokuqhuba ngamandla kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zeziganeko ezimbi.
Nangona kunjalo, kuba uxinzelelo lweoyile yokuthambisa luvela kwipompo yeoyile. Amandla epompo yeoyile aqhagamshelwe yigiya ngokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft. Nangona kwinjini ye-sump emanzi nangona ipompo yeoyile ikwafuneka ukubonelela nge-lubrication yoxinzelelo kwi-camshaft. Kodwa olu xinzelelo luncinci kakhulu, kwaye ipompo yeoyile ifuna amandla amancinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinjini zepani yeoyile eyomileyo, amandla olu xinzelelo lwe-lubrication kufuneka abe makhulu kakhulu. Kwaye ubungakanani bepompo yeoyile bukhulu kakhulu kunobo benjini yepani yeoyile emanzi. Ke ngeli xesha ipompo yeoyile ifuna amandla angaphezulu. Oku kufana nenjini etshajiweyo, ipompo yeoyile kufuneka idle inxalenye yamandla enjini. Ingakumbi ngesantya esiphezulu, isantya senjini siyanda, amandla okushukuma kwamacandelo okungqubana ayanda, kwaye ioyile yokuthambisa nayo iyafuneka, ngoko ke ipompo yeoyile kufuneka inike uxinzelelo olukhulu, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla e-crankshaft kuyaqiniswa.
Ngokucacileyo, uyilo olunjalo alufanelekanga kwiinjini zezithuthi eziqhelekileyo, kuba kufuneka lulahlekelwe yinxalenye yamandla enjini, nto leyo engayi kuchaphazela kuphela amandla ombane, kodwa ikwanganceda ekuphuculeni uqoqosho. Ngoko ke, ii-dry sumps zifumaneka kuphela kwiinjini ezifudukayo okanye ezinamandla aphezulu, njengezo zakhelwe ukuqhuba ngamandla. Umzekelo, iLamborghini kukusetyenziswa koyilo lwepani yeoyile eyomileyo, ngenxa yoko, ukwandisa umda wesiphumo sokuthambisa kunye nokufumana iziko eliphantsi lomxhuzulane kubaluleke ngakumbi, kwaye ukulahleka kwamandla kunokwenziwa ngokwandisa ukufuduka kunye nezinye izinto, njengoko kubhekiselele kuqoqosho, le modeli ayifuni kuqwalaselwa.
Ipompo yokujova ipetroli yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokubonelela ngepetroli yejenereyitha yedizili. Imeko yayo yokusebenza ichaphazela ngqo amandla, uqoqosho kunye nokuthembeka kwejenereyitha yedizili. Ukugcinwa ngokuchanekileyo yimfuneko ebalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwepompo yokujova ipetroli kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo. Ezi "zinto zilishumi" zilandelayo zikufundisa indlela yokugcina ipompo yokujova yejenereyitha yedizili:
Okokuqala, ukugcina ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo zepompo yokujova.
Isiciko secala lepompo, idipstick, iplagi yepetroli (isixhobo sokuphefumla), ivalvu yokugcwala kweoyile, iplagi yedama leoyile, isikrufu seplani yeoyile, ibolt yokulungisa ipompo yeoyile, njl.njl., ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayiguquki, ezi zixhobo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo emsebenzini wepompo yokufaka ipetroli. Umzekelo, isisiko secala sinokuthintela ukungena kothuli, amanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo, umphefumli (onesihluzo) unokuthintela ngempumelelo ukuwohloka kweoyile, kwaye ivalvu yokugcwala kweoyile iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yepetroli inoxinzelelo oluthile ngaphandle kokungena emoyeni. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisa ukugcinwa kwezi zixhobo, kwaye ufumanise ukuba umonakalo okanye ilahleko kufuneka ilungiswe okanye itshintshwe ngexesha.
Okwesibini, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo ukuba ubungakanani beoyile echibini yeoyile yepompo yokufaka ipetroli kunye nomgangatho wayo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno.
Ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphambi kokuba iqalise i-diesel generator kufuneka ijonge ubungakanani beoyile kwi-injection pump kunye nomgangatho wayo (ngaphandle kwe-injection pump enyanzelekileyo ukuba ithanjiswe yi-injini), ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubungakanani beoyile buyanele kwaye umgangatho ulungile, ukuba ioyile yonakele ngenxa yokuxutywa namanzi okanye idizili, ukukhanya kuya kubangela ukuguguleka kwangoko kwe-plunger kunye ne-oil outlet valve, okubangela amandla angonelanga enjini yedizili kwaye kube nzima ukuyiqala. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kuya kubangela ukugqwala kunye nokugqwala kwe-plunger kunye ne-oil outlet valve. Ngenxa yokuvuza kwi-oyile pump, ukusebenza kakubi kwe-oil outlet valve, ukuguguleka kwe-tappet kunye neqokobhe le-oyile pump, kunye nomonakalo we-sealing ring, ioyile yedizili iya kuvuza kwi-oyile pump kwaye inyibilikise ioyile, ngoko ke kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokomgangatho weoyile, kwaye i-oyile pump kufuneka icocwe kakuhle xa itshintshwe, kwaye ukungcola okufana nodaka olusezantsi kwi-oyile pump kuya kususwa, kungenjalo ioyile iya kugqwala ngexesha elifutshane. Ubungakanani beoyile abunakuba buninzi kakhulu okanye bungancinci kakhulu, amafutha amaninzi kakhulu kwirhuluneli, kulula ukukhokelela ekubeni injini yedizili "ibhabhe", amafutha amancinci kakhulu aya kwenza ukuthambisa okungekho sempilweni, kufuneka kusekelwe kwirula yeoyile okanye kwi-screw yeoyile. Ukongeza, xa injini yedizili ingasetyenziswa ixesha elide, qiniseka ukuba ujonge ukuba kukho amanzi, idizili kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwichibi leoyile lepompo yeoyile, ukuba kufuneka itshintshwe ngoko nangoko, kungenjalo ngenxa yokugcina ixesha elide, amanzi kulula ukwenza i-plunger, iindawo ze-oyile valve coupling zigqwale kwaye zife.
Okwesithathu, kufuneka sijonge rhoqo size silungise umbane weoyile kwisilinda nganye yepompo yokujova.
Ngenxa yokuguguleka kwe-plunger coupling kunye ne-oil valve coupling, ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwedizili kuya kubangela ukuba ukunikezelwa kweoyile yesilinda nganye kunciphe okanye kungalingani, okubangela ubunzima bokuqalisa injini yedizili, ukungabikho kwamandla, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kunye nokungazinzi kokusebenza. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukujonga rhoqo kunye nokulungisa ukunikezelwa kweoyile yesilinda nganye yepompo yokujova ukuqinisekisa amandla enjini yedizili. Ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela, ubungakanani beoyile enikezelwa sisilinda nganye bunokufunyanwa ngokujonga umsi wokukhupha wejenereyitha yedizili, ukumamela isandi senjini, kunye nokuchukumisa ubushushu be-exhaust manifold.
Okwesine, ukusebenzisa iityhubhu ezisemgangathweni ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.
Ipompo yokufaka ipetroli kwinkqubo yokubonelela ngeoyile, ngenxa yokucinezeleka kweoyile yedizili, ukuthamba kweetyhubhu ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, idizili enoxinzelelo oluphezulu iya kwenza utshintsho loxinzelelo kwityhubhu, ukudluliselwa kwamaza oxinzelelo kwityhubhu kuthatha ixesha elithile, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixesha lokunikezelwa kweoyile yesilinda. I-Angle iyahambelana, ukunikezelwa kweoyile kuyafana, injini yedizili isebenza kakuhle, ubude kunye nobubanzi beetyhubhu ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zikhethwa emva kokubalwa. Ke ngoko, xa ityhubhu enoxinzelelo oluphezulu yesilinda yonakele, ityhubhu enobude kunye nobubanzi obuqhelekileyo kufuneka itshintshwe. Ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela, ngenxa yokungabikho kweetyhubhu ezisemgangathweni, sebenzisa ezinye iityhubhu endaweni yokuqwalasela ukuba ubude beetyhubhu kunye nobubanzi bombhobho ziyafana na, ukuze ubude beetyhubhu kunye nobubanzi bombhobho zahluke kakhulu, nangona ingasetyenziswa kwimeko kaxakeka, kodwa iya kukhokelela kutshintsho kwi-Angle yokunikezelwa kweoyile kunye nobungakanani bokunikezelwa kweoyile yesilinda kwangaphambili, okubangela ukusebenza okungalinganiyo komatshini wonke, ngoko ke ekusetyenzisweni kufuneka kusetyenziswe iityhubhu ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu oluqhelekileyo.
Ezintlanu, ukujonga rhoqo ukutywinwa kwe-valve coupling.
Ipompo yokujova isebenza ixesha elithile, kwaye ngokujonga imeko yokutywina kwevalvu yeoyile, ukuguguleka kwe-plunger kunye nemeko yokusebenza kwepompo yeoyile kunokugwetywa ngokungqongqo, nto leyo enceda ekumiseleni indlela yokulungisa nokugcina. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, khupha i-tubing joint enoxinzelelo oluphezulu yesilinda nganye kwaye upompe ioyile ngepompo yesandla yepompo yeoyile, ukuze kubekho ukuphuma kweoyile kwi-tubing joint phezulu kwepompo yokujova, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba i-oyile valve seal ayilunganga (ewe, njengokuba intwasahlobo yevalvu yeoyile yaphukile), njenge-seal embi yeesilinda ezininzi, kufuneka ulungise kwaye ugcine i-injection pump kwaye uyitshintshe loo mbini.
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba uyayidingaiimveliso ze-ch.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izimisele ukuthengisa iinxalenye zeemoto ze-MG&MAUXS kwaye wamkelekile ukuzithenga.
