Zithini imisebenzi kunye neenjongo zokudibanisa injini?
I-injini idityaniswe yinxalenye yamandla esithuthi, esebenza ngokuyintloko ukuguqula amandla ekhemikhali epetroli abe ngamandla oomatshini, ngaloo ndlela iqhuba imoto ukuba ihambe. Ayibhekiseli kwinjini ngokwayo kuphela kodwa ikwabandakanya indibaniselwano yonke yenjini kunye nazo zonke iinkqubo zayo ezincedisayo kunye nezixhobo, njengeyunithi yamandla edibeneyo nesebenzayo ngokupheleleyo.
Imisebenzi ethile yendibano yenjini ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukubonelela ngamandla okuqhuba angundoqo: Ngokutshisa ngaphakathi ipetroli okanye idizili (okanye injini yokuqhuba kwizithuthi zombane), iguqula amandla eekhemikhali abe ngamandla oomatshini ajikelezayo, ikhuphe amandla okuqhuba imoto phambili.
Hlanganisa kwaye ulungelelanise iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuncedisa: Indibano yenjini idibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, okuzinzileyo, nokukhuselekileyo kwenjini, kuquka:
Inkqubo yokubonelela ngepetroli: Ixuba ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ihambise umxube ovuthayo kwiisilinda ukuze inike amandla okutshisa.
Inkqubo yokupholisa: Ijikeleza i-coolant ukuze isuse ubushushu obugqithisileyo obuveliswa kukusebenza kwenjini, ibugcine bukwizinga elifanelekileyo lobushushu kwaye ithintele umonakalo ogqithisileyo.
Inkqubo yokuthambisa: Ihlala ibonelela ngeoyile yokuthambisa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ezihambayo (ezifana ne-crankshaft, ii-piston, njl.njl.), yenze ifilimu yeoyile ukunciphisa ukungqubana, ukunciphisa ukuguguleka, kunye nokwandisa ubomi.
Inkqubo yokutshisa (yeenjini zepetroli): Ivelisa intlantsi yombane ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ivuthe umxube ovuthayo kwisilinda.
Inkqubo yokuqalisa: Inika amandla okuqala okujikeleza ngemoto yokuqalisa, ivumela injini ukuba iqale kakuhle ikwimeko yokungashukumi.
Indlela yokufaka kunye nokukhupha umoya: Ilawula amaxesha okuvula nokuvala kweevalvu zokungenisa kunye nokukhupha umoya ukuze kufezekiswe umjikelo we-"inlet - compression - power - exhaust", ukuqinisekisa "ukuphefumla" okuthambileyo kwenjini.
Nikezela ngombane kwinkqubo yombane yesithuthi: Indibano yenjini idla ngokuquka ijenereyitha (i-alternator), etshaja ibhetri yesithuthi xa injini isebenza kwaye inika amandla kuzo zonke izixhobo zombane ezifana nezibane, isandi, i-ECU, njl.
Ukulawula ukuguqulwa kwamandla kunye nokulawula ukukhutshwa komoya: Ngelixa igqibezela ukuguqulwa kwamandla, icubungula igesi ephumayo kwinkqubo yokutsha ngokusebenzisa izinto ezifana nenkqubo yokukhupha umoya, inciphisa izinto eziyingozi (ezifana ne-carbon monoxide, i-nitrogen oxides, njl.njl.) ukukhutshwa komoya ukuze kuhlangatyezwane nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo.
Ngamafutshane, indibano yenjini yinkqubo entsonkothileyo edityaniswe kakuhle nelungelelaniswe ngokuchanekileyo. Ayisiyo "intliziyo" yesithuthi kuphela kodwa ikwayiyona nto iphambili yamandla esithuthi, amandla kunye nolawulo lwaso.
I-injini iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesithuthi. Nje ukuba yonakele, iya kuba nefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwesithuthi okuqhelekileyo, ikakhulu okubonakala kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:
Iingxaki zokuqalisa imoto: Isithuthi sinokuba namava okuqalisa imoto ngamaxesha athile, ngamanye amaxesha siqalise imoto ngamanye amaxesha singasabeli. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukuguguleka kwegiya zokudlulisela imoto okanye ii-clutches zendlela enye zemoto yokuqala imoto; okanye kusenokubakho izinto ezifana nemoto yokuqala imoto ejikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu kodwa i-crankshaft ingajikelezi, okanye imoto yokuqala imoto ingasebenzi konke konke. Izizathu zinokubandakanya iimpazamo zomgca wombane, ukutsha kweswitshi yokuqalisa, amandla ebhetri aneleyo, okanye ukumelana okugqithisileyo kwangaphakathi kwenjini.
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle komoya: Umbhobho wokukhupha umoya ukhupha umsi ongaqhelekanga, ingakumbi umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umsi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka uyanyamalala emva kwexesha elifutshane lokuqalisa ukusebenza kwasekuseni, rhoqo ngenxa yokuguga kwesiciko seoyile yevalvu; ukuba iyaqhubeka, ibonisa ukuguguleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi kwenjini, njengokuguguleka kweringi yepiston, okubangela ukuba ioyile ingene kwigumbi lokutsha.
Iingxolo ezingaqhelekanga: Xa injini igugile kakhulu (njengokukhuhla kwesilinda), iya kukhupha isandi sokungqongqoza esithi "thud thud thud", ngakumbi xa isantya esiphezulu okanye isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza (ngaphezulu kwe-3000 rpm); ukuba isandi esiqatha okanye isandi esithi "dud dud" sivakala xa iqalwa, kusenokuba kungenxa yokuvaleka kwe-one-way clutches, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga, okanye iimpazamo ze-coil.
Ukuhla kokusebenza: Ukonakala kwendibano yenjini kuya kubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamandla, ukonga amafutha, ukukhawulezisa okubuthathaka, kwanokucima injini ngequbuliso ngexesha lokuqhuba, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.
Ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ezingentla ezifunyenweyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyeke ngoko nangoko ukuqhuba kwaye uye kwiziko lokulungisa eliqeqeshiweyo ukuze uhlolwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze uphephe ukonakala ngakumbi kwengxaki.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
