Umsebenzi weeplagi zentlantsi
Iplagi yespark yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokutsha kwinjini yepetroli. Ingangenisa i-voltage ephezulu kwigumbi lokutsha kwaye yenze ukuba itsibe phezu kwesithuba se-electrode ukuze ivelise i-spark, ngaloo ndlela ivuthela umxube ovuthayo kwisilinda. Iquka ikakhulu i-connection nut, i-insulator, i-connection screw, i-central electrode, i-side electrodes kunye ne-housing. I-side electrodes zidityaniswa kwi-housing.
Iplagi yespark, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"fire nozzle", isebenza ukukhulula umbane we-pulsed high-voltage othunyelwa yi-high-voltage wire (fire nozzle wire), iqhekeza umoya phakathi kwee-electrodes ezimbini zeplagi yespark, kwaye ivelise i-electric spark ukuze ivuthele igesi exutyiweyo kwisilinda. Iintlobo eziphambili ziquka: ii-spark plugs ze-quasi-type, ii-spark plugs ze-edge body protruding, ii-spark plugs ze-electrode type, ii-spark plugs ze-seat type, ii-spark plugs ze-electrode type, ii-spark plugs ze-face jumping, njl.
Iiplagi zespark zifakelwa ecaleni okanye phezulu kwenjini. Kwimihla yokuqala, iiplagi zespark zaziqhagamshelwa kumsasazi ngeentambo zesilinda. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo okanye ngaphezulu, uninzi lweenjini kwiimoto ezincinci ziye zatshintshwa ukuze ikhoyili yokutsha iqhagamshelwe ngqo kwiplagi yespark. Ivolthi yokusebenza yeplagi yespark ubuncinci yi-10,000V. Ivolthi ephezulu iveliswa yikhoyili yokutsha isuka kumbane we-12V ize emva koko idluliselwe kwiplagi yespark.
Phantsi kwempembelelo yevolthi ephezulu, umoya ophakathi kwe-electrode ephakathi kunye ne-electrode esecaleni yeplagi yespark uya kukhawuleza ungene kwi-ionization, wenze ii-ion ezitshajiweyo kakuhle kunye nee-electron ezitshajiweyo kakubi. Xa ivolthi ephakathi kwee-electrode ifikelela kwixabiso elithile, inani lee-ion kunye nee-electron kwigesi liyanda njenge-avalanche, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umoya ulahlekelwe yipropathi yawo yokukhusela. Umjelo wokukhupha wenziwa kwindawo evulekileyo, kwaye kwenzeka into "yokuqhekeka". Kule ndawo, igesi yenza umzimba okhanyayo, obizwa ngokuba yi-"spark". Njengoko isanda ngenxa yobushushu, isandi esithi "pop pop" siyenzeka. Ubushushu bale spark yombane bunokufikelela kwi-2000 ukuya kwi-3000 degrees Celsius, okwaneleyo ukutshisa umxube kwigumbi lokutsha lesilinda.
Ngokwexabiso leekhalori, kukho uhlobo olubandayo nohlobo olushushu. Ngokwezixhobo ze-electrode, kukho ii-nickel alloys, i-silver alloys kunye ne-platinum alloys, njl. Ukuba singoochwephesha ngakumbi, iintlobo zee-spark plugs zezi zilandelayo:
Iplagi yespark yohlobo lwe-quasi: Isiketi sayo sokukhusela sijike kancinci kwicala lokugqibela lendlu, kwaye i-electrode esecaleni ingaphandle kobuso bokugqibela bendlu. Lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu.
Iplagi yespark ephumayo yomzimba womphetho: Isiketi se-insulator side kakhulu kwaye siphuma ngaphaya kobuso bomva wendlu. Sineengenelo zokufunxa ubushushu obukhulu kunye nokukwazi ukuchasa ukungcola. Ngaphezu koko, sinokupholiswa ngqo ngumoya wokungenisa ukuze kwehliswe ubushushu, kwaye ngaloo ndlela akunakwenzeka ukuba kubangele ukutsha okushushu. Ke ngoko, sinoluhlu olubanzi lokuziqhelanisa nobushushu.
Iiplagi zespark zohlobo lwe-electrode: Ii-electrode zazo zilungile kakhulu. Zibonakala ngeespark ezinamandla, amandla okutsha alungileyo, kwaye zinokuqinisekisa ukuba injini iqala ngokukhawuleza nangokuthembekileyo nakwiixesha ezibandayo. Zinomlinganiselo omkhulu wobushushu kwaye zinokuhlangabezana nokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo.
Iplagi yespark yesihlalo: Indlu yayo kunye nomsonto weskuruwu zenziwe ngendlela ekhonkrithi, ukuze ikwazi ukugcina isitywino esihle ngaphandle kwegasket, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umthamo weplagi yespark kwaye ibe luncedo ngakumbi kuyilo lwenjini.
Iiplagi ze-spark ze-polar: Ii-electrode ezisecaleni zihlala zimbini okanye ngaphezulu. Iingenelo zazo kukubasa okuthembekileyo kwaye isithuba asidingi kulungiswa rhoqo. Ke ngoko, zihlala zisetyenziswa kwezinye iinjini zepetroli apho ii-electrode zisengozini yokukhukuliseka kwaye isithuba se-spark plug asinakulungiswa rhoqo.
Iplagi yespark yobuso: Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-face gap type, lolona hlobo lubanda kakhulu lwespark plug, kwaye umsantsa ophakathi kwe-electrode ephakathi kunye nobuso bokugqibela bendlu ugxile.
Iiplagi zespark zohlobo oluqhelekileyo kunye nohlobo oluphumayo
Iplagi yespark eqhelekileyo yiplagi yespark ye-electrode enecala elinye enesiphelo sesiketi se-insulator esisezantsi kancinci kunobuso besiphelo esinomgca wendlu. Isebenzisa isakhiwo sesiphelo sokutsha esisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinjini zevalvu ezifakwe ecaleni. Ukuze yahlule "kuhlobo oluvelayo" olwavela kamva, esi sakhiwo sibizwa ngokuba "luhlobo oluqhelekileyo".
Iplagi yespark ephumayo yayilungiselelwe iinjini zevalvu eziphezu kwentloko. Isketi yayo yesulator iphuma kwicala eliphezu kwegobolondo kwaye idlulele kwigumbi lokutsha. Ifunxa ubushushu obuninzi kumxube wokutsha, inobushushu obuphezulu bokusebenza kwisantya sokutsha, kwaye ithintela ungcoliseko. Ngesantya esiphezulu, ngenxa yokuba ivalvu ibekwe phezulu, umoya ophefumlwayo ujoliswe kwisiketi sesulator, uyipholise. Ngenxa yoko, ubushushu obuphezulu abunyuki kakhulu, kwaye ngoko ke uluhlu lobushushu lukhulu. Iiplagi zespark eziphumayo azifanelekanga kwiinjini zevalvu ezifakwe ecaleni kuba zineenguqu ezininzi kwindawo yokungenisa kwaye ukuhamba komoya akunampembelelo ingako yokuphola kwisiketi sesulator.
Iiplagi zespark ezinepali enye kunye neepali ezininzi
Iplagi yespark yendabuko enepali enye inesiphene esicacileyo, oko kukuthi, i-electrode esecaleni igubungela i-electrode ephakathi. Xa kuvela ukukhutshwa kwe-voltage ephezulu phakathi kwezi pali zimbini, igesi exutyiweyo kwi-spark gap iya kutsala ubushushu be-spark kwaye isebenze ngenxa ye-ionization ukwenza "i-spark core". Indawo apho i-spark core yakheka khona ikufutshane ne-electrode esecaleni. Ngeli xesha, ubushushu obuninzi buya kutsalwa yi-electrode esecaleni, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-"flame depression effect" ye-electrode. Oku kunciphisa amandla espark kwaye kunciphisa ukusebenza kwe-flameout.
Ngoko ke, ngeminyaka yoo-1920, kwavela iiplagi zespark ezineepali ezintathu. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-electrode enecala elinye, umsantsa wespark we-electrode enecala elinye wenziwe ngamacandelo anqamlezileyo ee-electrode ezinecala elinye (ezibethelwe kwimingxunya ejikelezileyo) kunye nomphezulu we-cylindrical we-electrode ephakathi. Lo msantsa wespark obekwe ecaleni ususa ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwee-electrode ezisecaleni ezigubungela i-electrode ephakathi, wonyusa "ukufikeleleka" kwespark, unamandla amakhulu espark, kwaye kulula ukungena ngaphakathi kwesilinda, nto leyo enceda ukuphucula imeko yokutsha komxube kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya. Ngenxa yeepali ezinecala elinye ezibonelela ngeetshaneli ezininzi zespark, ubomi benkonzo buyandiswa kwaye ukuthembeka kokutsha kuyaphucuka. Kufuneka kuchazwe apha ukuba ngexesha lokukhutshwa, itshaneli enye kuphela enokutshisa, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba iipali ezininzi zitshise ngaxeshanye. Inkqubo yokukhupha yefoto ekhawulezayo iyayingqina le ngongoma.
Oonobumba abamaphambili (oonobumba abalandela ixabiso leekhalori) u-D, u-J, kunye no-Q kwiimodeli zeplagi yentlantsi yasekhaya ngokulandelelanayo bamele iipali ezimbini, iipali ezintathu, kunye neepali ezine.
Iiplagi ze-spark electrode spark plugs ezisekwe kwi-nickel kunye ne-copper core alloy
Eyona mfuno iphambili yee-electrode ezifikelela kwigumbi lokutsha kukuchasana ne-ablation (zombini ukubola kombane kunye neekhemikhali) kunye nokuqhuba kakuhle kobushushu. Ngophuhliso lwesayensi yezinto kunye netekhnoloji yenkqubo, izixhobo ze-electrode ziye zadlula kwinkqubo yokuvela kwisinyithi, i-nickel, ii-alloys ezisekelwe kwi-nickel, izinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-nickel-copper ukuya kwiintsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Eyona alloy isetyenziswa kakhulu kule mihla yi-nickel-based alloy. Ngokubanzi, iintsimbi ezicocekileyo zine-thermal conductivity engcono kunee-alloys, kodwa iintsimbi ezicocekileyo (ezifana ne-nickel) zinovelwano ngakumbi kwi-chemical corrosion reaction yeegesi zokutsha kunye ne-solid deposits ezizenzayo kunee-alloys. Ke ngoko, izinto ze-electrode zamkela izinto ezisekelwe kwi-nickel ngokongeza izinto ezifana ne-chromium, i-manganese, kunye ne-silicon. I-Chromium yonyusa ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kombane, ngelixa i-manganese kunye ne-silicon ziphucula ukumelana nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali, ngakumbi ukumelana ne-sulfur oxide eyingozi kakhulu.
Iiplagi zespark zohlobo oluqhelekileyo kunye nohlobo lokuxhathisa
Iplagi yespark, njengejenereyitha yokukhupha iispark, ngumthombo wokuphazamiseka kwemitha ye-electromagnetic eqhubekayo kwi-broadband. Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1960, amazwe kwihlabathi liphela aye akhawulezisa uphuhliso lweeplagi zespark ezikhuselayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka okunamandla kwemitha ye-electromagnetic ebangelwa ziispark eziya kwintsimi yerediyo, kukhuselwe unxibelelwano lwerediyo kwaye kuthintelwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezikwibhodi. I-China ikwakhuphe uthotho lwemigangatho yesizwe enyanzelekileyo yokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic, ibeka imiqathango engqongqo kwiimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwerediyo zezixhobo zezithuthi eziqhutywa ziinjini ze-spark plug ezivuthayo. Ngenxa yoko, imfuno yeeplagi zespark ezikhuselayo inyukile kakhulu. Iiplagi zespark ezikhuselayo azinawo umahluko omkhulu kwisakhiwo kuhlobo oluqhelekileyo; umahluko kuphela kukuba i-conductor sealant ngaphakathi komzimba okhuselayo itshintshwa ibe yi-resistive sealant.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
