Yeyiphi impahla eyenziwe yibhampa engaphambili yemoto?
Iibhampa zifakelwa ngaphambili nangasemva kwemoto. Azinamsebenzi wokuhombisa kuphela kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi, zizixhobo zokhuseleko ezifunxa kwaye zinciphise amandla angaphandle okubetha, zikhusela umzimba wemoto, kwaye zikhusela ukhuseleko lwemoto kunye nabakhweli bayo.
Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, iibhampa zangaphambili nangasemva zeemoto zazenziwe ngezinto zesinyithi. Zazenziwe ngokunyathela iipleyiti zentsimbi ezinobukhulu obungaphezu kweemilimitha ezi-3 zibe yintsimbi yetshaneli enomfanekiso we-U, enomgangatho ogqunywe nge-chrome. Zazibotshelelwe okanye zifakwe kwimiqadi emide yesakhelo, zishiya umsantsa omkhulu nomzimba wesithuthi. Zazibonakala ngathi ziyinxalenye eyongezelelweyo kwaye zazibukeka zingathandeki.
Ngophuhliso lweshishini leemoto kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweplastiki yobunjineli kulo, iibhampa zeemoto, njengesixhobo esibalulekileyo sokhuseleko, nazo ziqalise indlela entsha. Okwangoku, ukongeza ekugcineni imisebenzi yazo yokukhusela yokuqala, iibhampa zangaphambili nangasemva zeemoto nazo kufuneka zilandele ulungelelwano kunye nobunye kunye nesimo somzimba wemoto kunye nokukhanya kwazo. Iibhampa zangaphambili nangasemva zeemoto zombini zenziwe ngeplastiki, abantu abazibiza ngokuba ziibhampa zeplastiki.
Ipleyiti yangaphandle kunye nezinto zokuthambisa zenziwe ngeplastiki, kwaye umqadi onqamlezileyo wenziwa imingxunya emilo-U ngokucinezela iipleyiti ezibhityileyo ezicoliweyo ezibandayo ezinobukhulu obumalunga ne-1.5 yeemilimitha. Iphaneli yangaphandle kunye nezinto zokuthambisa zinamathele kumqadi onqamlezileyo, oqhagamshelwe kumqadi ode wesakhelo ngezikrufu kwaye unokususwa nangaliphi na ixesha. Iplastiki esetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwebhampa yeplastiki yenziwe kakhulu ngezinto ezimbini: i-polyester kunye ne-polypropylene, kwaye iveliswa ngokuthambisa nge-injection. Umzekelo, i-bumper ye-Peugeot 405 sedan yenziwe ngezinto ezisekelwe kwi-polyester kwaye yenziwe ngokuthambisa nge-reaction injection. Ii-bumper ze-Audi 100 yeVolkswagen, iGolf, i-Santana yaseShanghai, i-Xiali yaseTianjin kunye nezinye iimodeli ze-sedan zenziwe ngezinto ze-polypropylene ngokusebenzisa ukuthambisa nge-injection. Kukho olunye uhlobo lweplastiki olubizwa ngokuba yi-polycarbon-based abroad, olufakwe izinto ze-alloy kwaye lucutshungulwe ngokuthambisa nge-alloy injection. Iibhampa ezicutshungulwa ngale ndlela azinazo nje kuphela ubulukhuni obuphezulu kodwa zikwanazo nethuba lokuba ziyadityaniswa, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle ekugqumeni. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo ezimotweni kuyanda.
Iibhampa zisebenza imisebenzi efana nokukhusela ukhuseleko, ukuhombisa isithuthi, kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zesithuthi ezitshintshatshintshayo. Ngokwembono yokhuseleko, xa imoto ibandakanyeka kwingozi yokungqubana ngesantya esiphantsi, inokusebenza njenge-buffer yokukhusela imizimba yesithuthi sangaphambili nesangasemva. Inokudlala indima ethile ekukhuseleni abahambi ngeenyawo xa kwenzeka ingozi nabo. Ngokwembono yembonakalo, iyahombisa kwaye ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuhombisa umphandle wemoto. Kwangaxeshanye, iibhampa zemoto nazo zinempembelelo ethile ye-aerodynamic.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukuze kuncitshiswe umonakalo kubakhweli xa kukho ingozi ecaleni, iingcango zeemoto zihlala zixhotyiswe ngeebhampa zomnyango ukuze zonyuse amandla okulwa nokungqubana kweengcango. Le ndlela iyasebenza kwaye ilula, ibangela utshintsho oluncinci kwisakhiwo somzimba wesithuthi, kwaye ikhuthazwe kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa. Kwasekuqaleni kweShenzhen International Auto Show ka-1993, iHonda Accord eyayiboniswa yayinenxalenye yocango lwayo eyayivuliwe ukuze iveze ngokukodwa ibhampa yocango kubaphulaphuli, ibonisa ukusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kokhuseleko.
Ukufaka iibhampa zomnyango kubandakanya ukubeka imiqadi emininzi yentsimbi enamandla aphezulu ngokuthe tye okanye ngokunqamlezileyo ngaphakathi kwephaneli nganye yomnyango, esebenza njengeebhampa zangaphambili nangasemva zesithuthi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba yonke imoto ikhuselwe ziibhampa ngaphambili, ngasemva, ekhohlo nasekunene, ezenza "udonga olungenakugqithwa" kwaye zinike abagibeli indawo ekhuselekileyo ephezulu. Kakade ke, ukufaka ezi bhampa zomnyango ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kunyusa iindleko ezithile kubavelisi bemoto, kodwa kubahlali bemoto, kuya kuphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko kunye nemvakalelo yokhuseleko.
Emva kokuba i-bumper engaphambili yemoto yonakele, kufuneka ilungiswe okanye itshintshwe ngokwezinga lomonakalo, kwaye iindleko zingalungiswa ngokusebenzisa amabango e-inshorensi. Ezi zilandelayo ziingcebiso ezithile:
Ukugweba ubungakanani bokwenzakala
Umonakalo omncinci (njengokukrweleka, imingxunya emincinci).
Umonakalo omkhulu (ofana nokuqhekeka, ukuguquka).
Indlela yokulungisa
Iibhampa zeplastiki: Zingalungiswa ngezixhobo ezifana neebhodi zeplastiki ezilahliweyo kunye neentsimbi zokutywina, okanye zilungiswe ngesibhamu sezipikili.
Iibhampa zesinyithi: Ukulungiswa kwesinyithi sobungcali kuyadingeka kwaye iindleko ziphezulu.
Inkqubo yamabango e-inshurensi
Bika ityala ngoko nangoko emva kokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
Inkampani yeinshorensi yenza uphando kunye novavanyo lomonakalo ukuqinisekisa isicwangciso sokulungisa.
Khetha ivenkile ye-4S okanye ivenkile yokulungisa iimoto ukuze uyilungise kwaye ugcine i-invoyisi.
Ukulumkela
Izixhobo ezithengiswa emva kwemarike zibiza kancinci kodwa zikumgangatho ongalinganiyo. Kucetyiswa ukuba kubekwe phambili izixhobo zokuqala.
Ukuba ufuna ukuyilungisa wedwa, qaphela iingxaki ezifana nezikrufu ezikhululekileyo kunye nezikliphu ezindala.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
