Ijenereyitha yeemoto.
Ijenereyitha yemoto yeyona nto iphambili ekunikezeni amandla emotweni, umsebenzi wayo kukubonelela ngombane kuzo zonke izixhobo zombane (ngaphandle kwesiqalo) xa injini isebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo, kwaye itshaje ibhetri ngaxeshanye.
Ngokusekelwe kwi-common alternator three-phase stator winding, yongeza inani lee-winding turns uze ukhuphe i-terminal, yongeza iseti ye-three-phase bridge rectifier. Ngesantya esiphantsi, i-primary winding kunye ne-extension winding ziphuma ngokulandelelana, kwaye ngesantya esiphezulu, yi-primary three-phase winding kuphela ephumayo.
Umgaqo wokusebenza
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-alternator yonke
Xa isekethe yangaphandle inika amandla intsimi ejikelezayo ngebhrashi, kwenziwa intsimi yemagnethi, ukuze ipali ye-claw ifakwe imagnethi kwipali ye-N nakwipali ye-S. Xa i-rotor ijikeleza, i-magnetic flux iyatshintshatshintsha kwi-stator winding, ngokomgaqo we-electromagnetic induction, i-stator three-phase winding iya kuvelisa amandla e-electromotive alternating induced. Le yindlela i-alternator evelisa ngayo umbane.
I-prime mover (oko kukuthi injini) irhuqa i-DC excited synchronous generator rotor ukuze ijikeleze ngesantya se-n(rpm), kunye ne-stator winding induction AC potential yesigaba sesithathu. Ukuba i-stator winding iqhagamshelwe kumthwalo wombane, i-motor ine-AC power output, kwaye amandla e-AC aguqulwa abe yi-direct current ukusuka kwi-output terminal nge-rectifier bridge ngaphakathi kwe-generator.
I-Alternator yahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini okujika kwe-stator kunye nokujika kwe-rotor, ukujika kwe-stator yamanqanaba amathathu kusasazwa kwiqokobhe ngokwe-electric Angle yomahluko we-120 degrees phakathi komnye nomnye, ukujika kwe-rotor kwenziwa zii-pole claws ezimbini. Xa ukujika kwe-rotor kuqhagamshelwe kwi-direct current, kuyavuselelwa, kwaye ii-pole claws ezimbini zenza i-N pole kunye ne-S pole. Umgca we-magnetic field uqala kwi-N pole, ungene kwi-stator core nge-air gap kwaye ubuyele kwi-S pole esecaleni. Nje ukuba i-rotor ijikelezwe, ukujika kwe-rotor kuya kunqumla umgca wamandla e-magnetic, kwaye kuvelise amandla e-sinusoidal electromotive anomahluko we-120 degrees electrical Angle kwi-stator winding, oko kukuthi, i-three-phase alternating current, kwaye emva koko ngokusebenzisa i-rectifier element eyenziwe zii-diodes ukuya kwi-direct current output.
Xa iswitshi ivaliwe, ibhetri iqala inike amandla ombane. Isekethe yile:
Ibhetri elungileyo → isibane sokutshaja → unxibelelwano lomlawuli → ukujija okubangela uvuyo → intsimbi ejikelezayo → ibhetri engenalo. Ngeli xesha, isibane sesalathisi sokutshaja siya kukhanya ngenxa yokudlula komsinga.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba injini iqalile, njengoko isantya sejenereyitha sisanda, i-voltage yesiphelo sejenereyitha nayo iyanda. Xa i-voltage yokuphuma kwejenereyitha ilingana ne-voltage yebhetri, amandla esiphelo se-"B" kunye nesiphelo se-"D" sejenereyitha alingana, ngeli xesha, isibane sesalathisi sokutshaja siyacinywa kuba umahluko onokubakho phakathi kweziphelo zimbini ngu-zero. Ibonisa ukuba ijenereyitha isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye umsinga wokukhupha unikezelwa yijenereyitha ngokwayo. Amandla e-AC e-phase-three-phase electromotive aveliswa yi-three-phase winding kwijenereyitha alungiswa yi-diode kwaye akhuphe umsinga othe ngqo ukubonelela ngamandla kumthwalo kwaye atshaje ibhetri.
I-alternator ngokubanzi yenziwe ngamacandelo amane: i-rotor, i-stator, i-rectifier kunye ne-end cap.
(1) I-Rotor
Umsebenzi we-rotor kukuvelisa intsimi yemagnethi ejikelezayo.
Irotha inepali yezipho, ijoko, i-magnetic field winding, i-collector ring kunye ne-rotor shaft.
Iipali ezimbini ze-claw zicinezelwe kwi-rotor shaft, kwaye nganye kwezi pali zimbini ze-claw ineepali ezintandathu ze-magnetic ezinemilomo yeentaka. I-magnetic field winding (i-rotor coil) kunye ne-magnetic joke zibekwe kwindawo engaphakathi kwepali ye-claw.
Indandatho yomqokeleli ineendandatho ezimbini zobhedu ezigqunywe nge-insulation. Indandatho yomqokeleli icinezelwe kwi-rotor shaft kwaye igqunywe nge-insulation nge-shaft. Iindandatho ezimbini zomqokeleli ziqhagamshelwe kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-magnetic field winding.
Xa iiringi ezimbini zokuqokelela zidluliselwa kumbane othe ngqo (ngebhrashi), kukho umbane odlula kwi-magnetic field winding, kwaye i-axial magnetic flux iveliswa, ukuze enye i-claw pole ifakwe imagnethi kwi-N pole kwaye enye ifakwe imagnethi kwi-S pole, ngaloo ndlela kwakheka iipere ezintandathu zee-interleaving magnetic poles. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, kwenziwa i-rotor magnetic field ejikelezayo [1].
Isekethe yemagnethi ye-alternator yile: i-yoga → ipali ye-N → umsantsa womoya phakathi kwe-rotor kunye ne-stator → i-stator → umsantsa womoya phakathi kwe-stator kunye ne-rotor → ipali ye-S → i-yoga.
(2) I-stator
Umsebenzi we-stator kukuvelisa umsinga otshintshanayo.
I-stator ine-stator core kunye ne-stator coil.
I-stator core yenziwe ngamacwecwe esinyithi e-silicon anee-grooves kwiringi yangaphakathi, kwaye umqhubi we-stator winding ufakwe kwi-groove ye-core.
Ukujija kwe-stator kunezigaba ezintathu, kwaye ukujija kwezigaba ezintathu kusebenzisa uqhagamshelo lweenkwenkwezi okanye uqhagamshelo lwenxantathu (amandla aphezulu), olunokuvelisa umbane otshintshanayo wezigaba ezintathu.
Ukujija kwezigaba ezintathu kufuneka kutyunyuzwe ngokweemfuno ezithile ukuze kufunyanwe i-frequency efanayo, i-amplitude efanayo, umahluko wesigaba se-120° three-phase electromotive force.
1. Umgama phakathi kwamacala amabini asebenzayo ekhoyili nganye kufuneka ulingane nendawo ehlala ipali yemagnethi.
2. Umgama ophakathi kwemiphetho yokuqala yeekhoyili ezikufutshane zesigaba ngasinye sokujika kufuneka ulingane okanye uphindaphindwe kumgama ohlala iipali ezimbini zemagnethi.
3. Umphetho wokuqala we-wind-phase-phase ezintathu kufuneka wahlulwe yi-2π+120o electrical Angle (indawo ehlala iipali ezimbini zemagnethi yi-360o electrical Angle).
Kwi-alternator yasekhaya ye-JF13 series, iipali ezimbini zemagnethi zibonelela ngendawo yeendawo ezi-6 (i-60o electrical Angle nge-slot), i-magnetic pole ibonelela ngendawo yeendawo ezi-3, ngoko ke isithuba sendawo yamacala amabini asebenzayo ekhoyili nganye yiindawo ezi-3, umgama phakathi komphetho wokuqala wesigaba ngasinye sokujika ecaleni kwekhoyili yiindawo ezi-6, umda wokuqala wokujika kwesigaba esi-3 unokwahlulwa yiindawo ezi-2, iindawo ezi-8, iindawo ezi-3. Iindawo ezili-14, njl.
(3) Isilungisi
Indima ye-alternator rectifier kukutshintsha i-three-phase alternating current ye-stator ejika ibe yi-direct current. I-rectifier ye-6-tube alternator yi-three-phase full-wave bridge rectifier circuit eyenziwe ngee-6 silicon rectifier diodes, kwaye ii-6 rectifier tubes zicinezelwe (okanye zifakwe i-welded) kwiipleyiti ezimbini ngokulandelelanayo.
1. Iimpawu zee-diode ze-silicon rectifier zeemoto
(1) Umbane omkhulu osebenzayo, umndilili wombane ohamba phambili ongu-50A, umsinga wombane ohamba phambili ongu-600A;
(2) I-voltage ephezulu ebuyela umva, i-voltage ephinda umva ye-peak engu-270V, i-voltage ephinda umva ye-peak engaphindiyo engu-300V;
(3) Kukho i-lead enye kuphela. Kwaye ezinye ii-diode leads zi-positive, ezinye ii-diode leads zi-negative, ityhubhu enomgca we-lead o-positive ibizwa ngokuba yi-positive tube, kwaye ityhubhu enomgca we-lead o-negative ibizwa ngokuba yi-negative tube, ngoko ke i-rectifier diode ine-diode e-positive kunye ne-negative diode.
(4) Isigqubuthelo sokugqibela
Isigqubuthelo sokugqibela ngokubanzi sahlulwe saba ngamacandelo amabini (isigqubuthelo sokugqibela esingaphambili nesigqubuthelo sokugqibela esingasemva), esidlala indima yokulungisa i-rotor, i-stator, i-rectifier kunye ne-brush assembly. Isigqubuthelo sokugqibela ngokubanzi senziwa nge-aluminium alloy, enokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvuza kwemagnethi kwaye inamandla okusasaza ubushushu.
Isigqubuthelo sangasemva sinomxube webrashi owenziwe ngebrashi, isibambi sebrashi kunye nesipili sebrashi. Indima yebrashi kukungenisa umbane ngeringi yomqokeleli kwindawo ejikeleziswayo.
Unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-magnetic field winding (iibrashi ezimbini) kunye ne-generator lwahlukile, ngoko ke i-generator yahlulwe kwiindidi zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.
1. Ijenereyitha yentsimbi ejikelezayo yangaphakathi: Ijenereyitha enebrashi ejikelezayo yemagnethi ejikelezayo ngqo kwi-iron ejikelezayo (eqhagamshelwe ngqo kwi-casing).
2. Ijenereyitha egqunywe ngaphandle: Ijenereyitha apho zombini iibhrashi zomphetho wentsimi zigqunywe nge-insulation kwi-casing.
I-electrode engalunganga (ibrashi engalunganga) ye-magnetic field winding yejenereyitha yangaphandle yohlobo lwentsimbi iqhagamshelwe kwi-regulator, ize i-iron iqhagamshelwe emva kokudlula.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izimisele ukuthengisa iinxalenye zeemoto ze-MG&MAUXS kwaye wamkelekile ukuzithenga.
