Ijenereyitha yeemoto.
I-generator ye-automobile iyona mbane oyintloko wemoto, umsebenzi wayo kukubonelela amandla kuzo zonke izixhobo zombane (ngaphandle kwe-starter) xa injini isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, kwaye ihlawulise ibhetri ngexesha elifanayo.
Kwisiseko se-alternator eqhelekileyo yamanqanaba amathathu e-stator, nyusa inani lokujika kokujika kwaye ukhokele ngaphandle kwe-terminal, yongeza iseti yesigaba sesithathu sokulungisa ibhulorho. Ngesantya esiphantsi, i-winging ephambili kunye nokwandiswa kwe-winding ziphuma kuthotho, kwaye ngesantya esiphezulu, kuphela inqanaba eliphambili lesithathu eliphumayo.
Umgaqo wokusebenza
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-alternator yonke
Xa isekethe yangaphandle inika amandla intsimi ejikajikayo kwibrashi, imagnethi iyaveliswa, ukuze i-claw pole yenziwe nguzibuthe kwi-N pole kunye ne-S pole. Xa i-rotor ijikeleza, i-flux yamagnetic itshintsha ngokutshintshayo kwi-stator winding, ngokomgaqo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, i-stator yesigaba sesithathu i-winding iya kuvelisa alternating induced electromotive force. Le yindlela ialternator eyenza ngayo umbane.
I-prime mover (okt i-injini) irhuqa i-DC echwayitileyo yejenereyitha ye-rotor ukujikeleza ngesantya n(rpm), kunye nesigaba sesithathu se-stator yokungenisa ukungenisa i-AC enokubakho. Ukuba i-stator winding iqhagamshelwe kumthwalo wombane, i-motor ine-AC power output, kwaye amandla e-AC aguqulwa abe ngoku ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwi-terminal ephumayo ngokusebenzisa ibhulorho yokulungisa ngaphakathi kwijeneretha.
I-Alternator yahlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amabini e-stator ukujika kunye nokujika kwe-rotor, ukujika kwe-stator yesigaba esithathu isasazwa kwiqokobhe ngokungqinelana ne-Angle yombane yee-degrees ezingama-120 umahluko phakathi komnye nomnye, ukujija kwe-rotor kuhlanganiswe neenzipho ezimbini zepali. Xa i-rotor winding iqhagamshelwe kumsinga othe ngqo, iyavuya, kwaye iinzipho ezimbini zepali zenza i-N pole kunye ne-S pole. Umgca wemagnethi uqala kwi-N pole, ungene kumbindi we-stator ngesithuba somoya uze ubuyele kwipali engu-S ekufuphi. Nje ukuba i-rotor ijikelezwe, i-rotor winding iya kunqumla umgca wamandla omagnetic, kwaye ivelise amandla e-electromotive ye-sinusoidal kunye nomahluko we-120 degrees i-Angle yombane kwi-stator winding, oko kukuthi, izigaba ezithathu ezitshintshanayo zangoku, kwaye emva koko ngokusebenzisa i-rectifier element eyakhiwe. yeediode kwimveliso yangoku ngqo.
Xa iswitshi ivaliwe, ibhetri inikezela ngoku. Isekethe yile:
Ibhetri ipositive → ukukhanya okutshajayo → uqhagamshelwano lwesilawuli → uvuselelo oluyajikajikayo → intsimbi enqeni → ibhetri ayinayo. Ngeli xesha, ukukhanya kwesalathisi sokutshaja kuya kukhanya ngenxa yokudlula ngoku.
Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba injini iqalile, njengoko isantya sejenereyitha sikhula, i-voltage terminal generator nayo iyanda. Xa i-voltage yemveliso yejeneretha ilingana nombane webhetri, amandla okuphela kwe "B" kunye no "D" ekupheleni kwejeneretha alinganayo, ngeli xesha, ukukhanya kwesalathisi sokutshaja kucinyiwe ngenxa yokuba umahluko okhoyo phakathi kwezi zibini. Iziphelo nguziro. Ibonisa ukuba i-generator isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye i-excitation current inikezelwa yi-generator ngokwayo. Amandla e-electromotive yesigaba sesithathu se-AC eveliswa yi-athi-phase winding in the generator ilungiswa yi-diode kunye neziphumo zangoku ukubonelela amandla kumthwalo kunye nokuhlawulisa ibhetri.
I-alternator ngokubanzi yenziwe ngamacandelo amane: i-rotor, i-stator, i-rectifier kunye ne-end cap.
(1) Irotha
Umsebenzi we-rotor kukuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo.
I-rotor iqukethe i-claw pole, idyokhwe, i-magnetic field winding, i-ring collector kunye ne-rotor shaft.
Iipali ezimbini zozipho zicinezelwe kwi-rotor shaft, kwaye ipali nganye kwezi zimbini ineepali zemagneti emilomo yeentaka ezintandathu. I-magnetic field winding (i-rotor coil) kunye nedyokhwe yemagnethi zicwangciswe kumngxuma we-claw pole.
Ikhonkco lomqokeleli liqukethe amakhonkco amabini obhedu akhuselwe omnye komnye. Indandatho yokuqokelela icinezelwe kwi-rotor shaft kwaye ifakwe kwi-shaft. Amakhonkco amabini okuqokelela adityaniswe kuzo zombini iziphelo zemagnethi ejikajikayo.
Xa amakhonkco amabini oqokeleli egqithiselwa kumsinga othe ngqo (ngebrashi), kukho ikhoyo ngoku ngemagnethi ejikajikayo, kwaye i-axial magnetic flux yenziwa, ukuze enye ipali yozipho yenziwe nguzibuthe kwipali ye-N kwaye enye ibe nemagnethi. ukuya kwi-S pole, ngaloo ndlela kuyila izibini ezithandathu zeepali zemagnethi ezishiyanayo. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo yenziwa [1].
Umjikelo wemagnethi wealternator yile: idyokhwe →ipali ye-N → umsantsa womoya phakathi kwerotha kunye nestator → isitator → Umsantsa womoya phakathi kwestator kunye nerotor →Ipali ye-S → idyokhwe.
(2) Istator
Umsebenzi westator kukuvelisa umsinga otshintshanayo.
I-stator iqukethe i-stator core kunye ne-coil ye-stator.
I-stator core yenziwe ngamacwecwe ensimbi ye-silicon kunye ne-grooves kwindandatho yangaphakathi, kwaye umqhubi we-stator winding ufakwe kwi-groove ye-core.
I-stator winding inezigaba ezithathu, kunye nesigaba sesithathu sokujikeleza sisebenzisa uxhulumaniso lweenkwenkwezi okanye unxantathu (amandla aphezulu) uxhulumaniso, olunokuvelisa i-current phase alternating current.
Ukujika kwesigaba sesithathu kufuneka kulimazwe ngokweemfuno ezithile ukuze kufumaneke i-frequency efanayo, i-amplitude elinganayo, umehluko wesigaba se-120 ° amandla e-electromotive yesigaba sesithathu.
1. Umgama phakathi kwamacala amabini asebenzayo ekhoyili nganye kufuneka ulingane nesithuba esithathwe sisibonda sombane.
2. Umgama phakathi kwemiphetho yokuqalisa yeekhoyili ezikufutshane zesigaba ngasinye sokujija kufuneka ulingane okanye uphindaphindwe umgama othathwe yiperi yeepali zemagnethi.
3. Umda wokuqalisa wesigaba esithathu kufuneka uhlukaniswe ngu-2π + 120o i-Angle yombane (isithuba esithathwe yiperile ye-poles magnetic yi-360o yombane ye-Angle).
Kwi-alternator yasekhaya ye-JF13 ye-alternator, i-akhawunti yeepali zemagnethi yendawo yendawo ye-6 slots (i-60o i-Angle yombane kwi-slot nganye), i-akhawunti ye-magnetic pole yesithuba sesithuba se-slots ezi-3, ngoko ke isithuba sokuma samacala amabini asebenzayo ikhoyili nganye 3 kwiindawo zokubeka, umgama phakathi emphethweni ekuqaleni kwesigaba ngasinye ejikozayo ecaleni coil 6 kwiindawo zokubeka, emphethweni isiqalo sesigaba ezithathu zokujija inokwahlulwa 2 kwiindawo zokubeka, 8 kwiindawo zokubeka, 3 kwiindawo zokubeka. 14 iindawo zokubeka, njl.
(3) Umlungisi
Indima ye-alternator rectifier kukutshintsha i-current-phase ye-alternating current ye-stator winding ibe ngumbane othe ngqo. I-alternator ye-alternator ye-tube ye-alternator ye-alternator ye-alternator yesigaba sesithathu-i-full-wave full-wave bridge ehlanganiswe ne-6 silicon rectifier diode, kunye neetyhubhu ezi-6 zokulungisa zicinezelwe (okanye zifakwe kwi-welded) kumacwecwe amabini.
1. Iimpawu ze-automotive silicon rectifier diode
(1) Inkulu esebenzayo yangoku, i-avareji yangaphambili ye-50A yangoku, i-surge yangoku eyi-600A;
(2) Amandla ombane aphezulu abuyele umva, umva aphindaphinde amandla ombane angama-270V, ajike angaphindi asetyenziswe amandla ombane angama-300V;
(3) Inye kuphela ukhokelo. Kwaye ezinye iintambo zediode zilungile, ezinye iintambo zediode zingalunganga, ityhubhu enomgca wokukhokela ochanekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yityhubhu evumayo, kwaye ityhubhu enomgca okhokelayo ongalunganga ibizwa ngokuba yityhubhu engalunganga, ngoko ke idiode yokuhlaziya ine diode entle kwaye diode negative.
(4) Iqweqwe lokugqibela
Isigqubuthelo sokugqibela sahlulwe ngokubanzi sibe ngamacandelo amabini (isigubungelo sesiphelo sangaphambili kunye nesigubungelo sangasemva), esidlala indima yokulungisa i-rotor, i-stator, i-rectifier kunye ne-brush assembly. Isigqubuthelo sokugqibela senziwa ngokubanzi nge-aluminium alloy, enokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvuza kwamagnetic kwaye inokusebenza kakuhle kokutshabalalisa ubushushu.
Isigqubuthelo sangasemva sinikezelwe ngendibano yebrashi eyenziwe ngebrashi, isibambi sebrashi kunye nespring brush. Indima yebrashi kukwazisa unikezelo lwamandla ngomqokeleli weringi kwi-winding field.
Ukudityaniswa phakathi kwe-wind magnetic field (iibrashi ezimbini) kunye nejenereyitha yahlukile, ukuze i-generator yahlulwe ibe ziindidi zangaphakathi nangaphandle.
1. Umjikelo wangaphakathi wejenereyitha yentsimbi: Ijenereyitha enomhlaba ozibuthe ojikajikayo ibhrashi engalunganga yentsimbi ngqo (iqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwindlu).
2. Ijenereyitha enxibe yangaphandle: Ijenereyitha apho zombini iibhrashi zentsimi ezijikajikayo zikhuselwe kwizindlu.
I-electrode engalunganga (i-brush engalunganga) ye-magnetic field winding ye-iron-type generator yangaphandle idibaniswe nomlawuli, kwaye ke intsimbi idibaniswe emva kokudlula.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule ndawo!
Nceda usibize ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophelele ekuthengiseni MG & MAUXS iinxalenye auto wamkelekile ukuthenga.
