Umgaqo osebenzayo wendlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic kukuba: xa ubushushu obuphezulu bemoto ephumayo ngesixhobo sokucoca, isicoci kwindlela yokuguqula indlela emithathu iya kuphucula umsebenzi weentlobo ezintathu zegesi CO, i-hydrocarbons kunye ne-NOx, ukukhuthaza i-oxidation yayo - ukunciphisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali, apho i-CO oxidation kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu iba yinto engenambala, igesi ye-carbon dioxide; I-Hydrocarbons i-oxidize emanzini (H2O) kunye ne-carbon dioxide kumaqondo aphezulu; I-NOx iyancitshiswa ibe yinitrogen kunye neoksijini. Iintlobo ezintathu zerhasi enobungozi kwigesi engenabungozi, ukuze umbhobho wemoto ucocwe. Kucingelwa ukuba kusekho ioksijini ekhoyo, umlinganiselo wamafutha omoya ufanelekile.
Ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi jikelele wamafutha e-China, isibaso siqulathe isulfure, i-phosphorus kunye ne-agent ye-antiknock ye-MMT iqulethe i-manganese. Ezi zixhobo zeekhemikhali ziza kwenza ii-chemical complexes phezu kwe-sensor ye-oxygen kwaye ngaphakathi kwe-converter ye-catalytic yeendlela ezintathu kunye ne-exhaust gas ekhutshwe emva kokutsha. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yeendlela zokuqhuba kakubi zomqhubi, okanye ixesha elide lokuqhuba kwiindlela ezixineneyo, injini isoloko ikwimeko yokutsha engaphelelanga, eya kwenza i-carbon accumulation in the sensor oxygen and three-way catalytic converter. Ukongezelela, iindawo ezininzi zelizwe zisebenzisa i-petroli ye-ethanol, enefuthe eliqinileyo lokucoca, iya kuhlambulula isikali kwigumbi lokutsha kodwa ayikwazi ukubola kunye nokutshisa, ngoko ke ngokukhutshwa kwegesi yenkunkuma, oku kungcola kuya kufakwa kwi umphezulu wenzwa ye-oxygen kunye ne-catalytic converter yeendlela ezintathu. Kungenxa yezinto ezininzi ezenza imoto emva kokuqhuba ixesha leekhilomitha, ngaphezu kokuqokelelwa kwekhabhoni kwi-valve yokungena kunye negumbi elivuthayo, kuya kubangela ukuba inzwa ye-oxygen kunye neendlela ezintathu ze-catalytic converter poisoning failure, ezintathu. Ukuvaleka kwesiguquli se-catalytic kunye nevalve ye-EGR evalwe kukuxinga kwentlenga kunye nokunye ukusilela, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwe-injini, okukhokelela ekonyukeni kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha, ukwehla kwamandla kunye nokuphuma okungaphaya komgangatho kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kwe-injini yesiqhelo kuthintelwe kugcino olusisiseko lwenkqubo yokuthambisa, inkqubo yokuthatha kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha, kodwa ayinakukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zogcino olubanzi lwenkqubo yokuthambisa injini yale mihla, inkqubo yokuthatha, inkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, ngakumbi iimfuno zokugcina inkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa. Ngoko ke, nokuba isithuthi ixesha elide ukugcinwa eqhelekileyo, kunzima ukuphepha iingxaki ngasentla.
Ukuphendula kwezo ziphoso, amanyathelo athatyathwe ngamashishini olondolozo adla ngokuthatha indawo ye-oxygen sensors kunye ne-tatu-way catalytic converters. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yengxaki yeendleko zokutshintsha, iingxabano phakathi kwamashishini olondolozo kunye nabathengi ziyaqhubeka. Ngokukodwa ezo zingekho kubomi benkonzo yokutshintshwa kweenzwa ze-oksijini kunye nabaguquli beendlela ezintathu zokuguqula, zihlala zigxininisa kwiingxabano, abathengi abaninzi bade bathi ingxaki ibangelwa kumgangatho wemoto.
