Umbhobho wokukhupha.
Umbhobho wokukhupha yinxalenye yenkqubo yokukhupha i-injini, inkqubo yokukhupha ibandakanya ubukhulu becala, umbhobho wokukhupha kunye nesithulisi, ngokubanzi kulawulo lokukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo ze-injini ye-catalytic converter enempembelelo emithathu nayo ifakwe kwinkqubo yokukhupha, umbhobho wokukhupha ngokubanzi ubandakanya. umbhobho wokukhupha wangaphambili kunye nombhobho wokukhupha wangasemva.
Umbhobho wokukhupha uxinzelelo lwangasemva
(kwaye umzi-mveliso woqobo unobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo) umgaqo ofanayo nomzi-mveliso wokuqala, kodwa isandi siya kuba bhetele kunomzi-mveliso wokuqala uninzi lweemoto zokuqala zisebenzisa le ityhubhu ubukhulu becala yityhubhu yesithulisi sepleyiti okanye ukutshintsha umthamo wetyhubhu ukuya. ukuvelisa uxinzelelo oluya kubuyela kwi-cylinder, xa injini ivutha, i-piston yaqala ukulandelela i-stroke yamandla, kunye nevalve yokukhupha iya kuvulwa ngaphambi kokuba ipiston ifike kwindawo ephantsi yokufa. Ngeli xesha, uxinzelelo lwangemva kwi-tube luya kuthintela igesi yokukhupha ngaphandle, ukwenzela ukuba umxube unokufezekisa ukutsha okupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uxinzelelo lwangemva lunamandla kakhulu, igesi yokukhupha ayinakukhutshelwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-cylinder, ibangela ukuba igesi yokukhupha ivuthe kunye nomxube ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha, ngokuqinisekileyo, eyona nto ichanekileyo kukubangela ukuphuma kwamandla ehashe. . Izibonelelo zayo: ingxolo ephantsi, i-torque ephantsi. Ukungalungi: Ukukhupha igesi ayikwazi ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza ngesantya esiphezulu, echaphazela amandla enjini, umthamo ophantsi.
Umbhobho woxinzelelo lwesiqingatha ngasemva
Ngokuqinisekileyo, amandla ombhobho umva woxinzelelo uphantsi, ukuthotyelwa kwegesi yokukhupha kuphezulu kunoxinzelelo lwangasemva. Ukubeka ngokulula, luxinzelelo oluphakathi ngasemva phakathi kombhobho woxinzelelo lwangasemva kunye nombhobho othe ngqo ukufezekisa i-torque yokuqala. Ukuthotyelwa kwegesi yokukhupha igesi kungcono kunombhobho woxinzelelo lwangasemva, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, i-torque ye-medium kunye nesantya esiphezulu nayo inkulu kunombhobho woxinzelelo lwangasemva. Izinto eziluncedo: Ukusebenza kakuhle kwetorque ukusuka kwisantya esiphakathi kunye nomsila Ububi: ingxolo enkulu, umthamo omkhulu.
Umbhobho othe ngqo
Ukukhawulezisa kuya kuba ngcono kunoxinzelelo lwangasemva, kodwa eyona nto ingalunganga inomsindo kakhulu, ingxolo iya kuvumela "umalume wamapolisa" ukuba akuleqe umva uxinzelelo luphantsi kakhulu, ukhuphe akukho ukumelana, isantya esisezantsi sibi, isantya esiphakathi kunye nesantya esiphezulu sikhulu. . Izinto eziluncedo: i-exhaust egudileyo, i-torque enesantya esiphezulu izinto ezingalunganga: isantya esisezantsi amandla athambileyo, ingxolo enkulu (abanye abantu bathi kulula ukutshisa ivalve abazi nokuba yinyani) umthamo omkhulu.
Umbhobho othe tye
Enyanisweni, umbhobho we-semi-straight ufana nombhobho we-half-back pressure, kodwa i-diameter yokukhupha inkulu kunombhobho we-half-back pressure: i-torque yokuqala iphantsi kune-half-back, kodwa i-torque ephakathi. kwaye isantya esiphezulu sikhulu
Umbhobho wokukhupha oguquguqukayo
Ukukhupha kulawulwa ngeevalvu ngesandi esisiso kunye nokusebenza.
Igubu le-S: Phucula isantya esisezantsi nesiphakathi, qala ngokukhawuleza. Ukunyuka okuqinileyo. Isandi siphantsi, kwaye i-horsepower yesantya esiphezulu ayiyi kubingelelwa xa imalunga ne-90 decibels, ngokukodwa ukwandisa ukubunjwa kwenkunkuma emithathu ukufezekisa indima yokuphucula amandla. (Ukungalungi: kukho isandi se-resonance ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaye akukho ukwanda okukhulu kwehashe ngesantya esiphezulu), i-drum ye-S isetyenziselwa iinjini ezinokufuduswa ngaphantsi kwe-2.0.
Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi: oluyilwe ngokukodwa ngokweempawu zemoto yayo. Phucula isantya esisezantsi nesiphakathi, isandi asingxoli. Akukho sandi singxolayo. Akukho resonance kwisantya esiphezulu, kwaye isantya ngokukhawuleza. (Isandi sifana negubu le-S, kwaye ezinye iimodeli azikwazi ukufaka idrum ye-S, kuphela uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwangaphakathi.)
Uhlobo lwe-G: Kwiinjini ezinkulu zokufuduka ngaphezu kwe-2.0, ngokusebenzisa amaxesha e-3 yoxinzelelo lwangasemva ukunciphisa umphumo wesandi, ukwandisa uhlobo lokuhamba komoya. Iyafana negubu le-S. Isandi simalunga ne-90 decibels. Ukwandisa i-torque yesantya esiphantsi kunye nesiphakathi (i-drum ye-S isetyenziselwa izithuthi ezincinci zokufuduka ngaphantsi kwe-2.0. I-drum ye-G yezithuthi ezinkulu zokufuduka ngaphezu kwe-2.0)
Umqolo othe ngqo: Ukwandisa amandla eehashe ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaye i-torque ngesantya esisezantsi nesiphakathi asiyi kuphuculwa kakhulu. Ilungele ukubaleka ixesha elide kwisantya esiphezulu kunye nomzila womdyarho. Isandi simalunga ne-100 decibels. iyangxola.
Uhlobo lwe-Y: Yandisa i-torque ngesantya esisezantsi kunye nesiphakathi. Ingxolo inkulu. Malunga nama-95 decibels
Igubu lesitalato: Ukuphucula amandla eehashe kunye netorque, umgangatho wesandi ubuye ngokukodwa, umzimba wegubu uyilelwe ngokupheleleyo ukwandisa amandla ehashe kunye nokunciphisa umthamo, unokukhethwa esitratweni kunye nokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu, lonke icandelo lokukhupha lithatha eyona ndlela idumileyo yaseJapan iphuculwe ngokuthe ngcembe isitayile soyilo, 47mm-63mm-76mm, 63mm kunye 76mm ngoqhagamshelo lombhobho woxinzelelo ngasemva, ngakumbi ukudlala amandla enjini, Isandi simalunga needecibel ezingama-90, ukulinganisa ukusabela kokukhawulezisa ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha, ukuphuculwa kwamandla, kunye igubu yesitrato ibe ngumqala ofanelekileyo wokuhamba esitratweni. (Igubu lesitrato likhangeleka lilungile, libhakiwe ipeyinti emnyama, kwaye nokusebenza kwemoto kuhle kakhulu.)
Igubu leM: uyilo loxinzelelo lwangasemva oluguquguqukayo, ngokwesantya senqanaba lokulungelelanisa ubungakanani boxinzelelo lwangasemva, ngesantya esiphezulu, akukho sandi sokuvakala, xa injini ikwisantya esiphantsi, isantya sokuhamba kwegesi sicotha, isantya ngevalve yolawulo iya kucotha, ukufunxa ivacuum encinci, ukugcinwa kwegesi yokukhupha uxinzelelo ngasemva kwiyunithi nganye inkulu. Xa i-injini isantya esiphezulu, isantya sokuhamba kwegesi sihamba ngokukhawuleza, isantya ngevalve yokulawula iya kukhawuleza, i-vacuum inkulu, i-exhaust gas iphelile, kwaye i-exhaust gas igudile ngesantya esiphezulu. Ukuphucula i-torque ngaxeshanye nokuphucula impembelelo yamandla ehashe, (isantya esipheleleyo samandla) isantya esiphezulu malunga ne-85 decibels, sisekhaya ngoku ngokweengqikelelo zoyilo lwangaphandle ukubonisa eyona nto icacileyo kunye namandla okuphucula umbhobho wokukhupha, isandi sikhutshwa kwi-2500-3000 RPM, kwaye isandi sithule kwi-4000 RPM.
Uhlobo lwe-HKS: Ikumgca wokubuyisela uxinzelelo, ukuphucula isantya esisezantsi nesiphakathi kunye nesantya esiphezulu samandla ehashe. Isandi sincinci kunomqolo othe tye, sikhulu kunoxinzelelo lwangasemva, crisp ngakumbi, kwi-95 decibels azikhathazi abantu. Akukho sandi iresonant kwisantya esiphezulu. (ngesiphumo se-HKS yaseJapan) Umgaqo-siseko woyilo: ukuhamba komoya ecaleni kodonga.
Icandelo eliphakathi: lisetyenziselwa ukudibanisa ukugxila kwentloko kunye necandelo lomsila, elinomphumo wokwandisa amandla eehashe ngamaqhekeza angama-3-4.
Ingxaki yoyilo lombhobho wokukhupha iAngle yemoto
I-Angle yokukhupha umbhobho wokukhupha isithuthi ihlala iyingxaki enzima kubavelisi abaziingcali ukusombulula. Ngokutsho kophando, i-Angle isalathiso sombhobho wokukhupha iimoto kunye neenqwelo zeentsapho ezikhanyayo zihambelana ngokubanzi nomhlaba, kwaye i-Angle ye-exhaust pipe yezithuthi zokuthutha amandla aphezulu kunye nezithuthi zezolimo zigobile phantsi. Ukusuka kwimbono yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ngokutsho kwimoto yangoku yokukhupha umbhobho I-Angle isalathiso soyilo kunye nomgaqo woyilo lomatshini awubonelelanga indlela yoyilo entsha ye-Angle. Isikimu soyilo esisiso solwalathiso lweAngle yazo zonke izinto ezikhutshwayo zesithuthi kufuneka sibe ngama-180 degrees parallel emhlabeni kwaye sijonge ngasemva kwesithuthi. Ukuba inkqubo yoyilo ayidityaniswanga kwaye ayifaniswanga, abavelisi baya kuyila umbhobho wokukhupha umkhombandlela wokukhuphela apho awuyi kunceda ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye neziganeko zokwaphulwa kwengozi ngexesha lokuqhuba.
I-1, umbhobho wokukhupha i-Angle malunga nama-degrees angama-45 emhlabeni obangelwa yizinto ezingathandekiyo.
Kolu luhlu lwe-Angle ephumayo, xa imoto ibaleka, isantya esiphezulu sokuphuma kwerhasi siya kuvuthela uthuli emhlabeni, kwaye ngokukhawuleza isantya sokuqhuba, kokukhona iqondo lokungcoliseka kothuli liya kuba likhulu. Ngexesha elifanayo, amandla amakhulu eemoto, ukugqithiswa kwegesi kunye nesantya sokukhutshwa, kunye neqondo lokungcoliswa kothuli liya kuba phezulu. Ngokutsho kophando lwemarike, eyona ndawo inzima kakhulu yongcoliseko lothuli kufuneka ibe ecaleni kohola wendlela, kokukhona itrafikhi, kokukhona uthuli lunzulu. Kwelinye icala, ungcoliseko lothuli lukwanxulumene nokucoceka komphezulu wendlela, kwaye okukhona uthuli oludadayo phezu kwendlela, kokukhona ubuninzi bothuli oluvuthelwa ngumbhobho wesithuthi.
2. Kukho iingxaki ezithile kunye ne-Angle ye-exhaust pipe egoba kumacala omabini emoto.
Ukuba i-Angle ye-exhaust pipe iguqulelwe kumacala omabini emoto, i-gas ephumayo yemoto iya kubangela ingozi yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kumntu ohamba ngeenyawo xa uqhuba. Ukongeza, ukukhutshwa kwemoto kuqulethe i-oyile ye-atomized engatshiswanga, ebandakanya ukungcola okunje nge-sulfide kunye ne-carbide, okuya kubangela ukophulwa komzimba womntu.
3. Xa i-Angle yombhobho wokukhupha iguqulwe phezulu, umonakalo omkhulu uya kubangelwa kumzimba wesithuthi.
Abavelisi beemoto ngokubanzi abakhethi le engile. Ngenxa yokuba isulfure, i-carbide kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo kwi-exhaust gas ziya kuba nefuthe lokubola kweekhemikhali kwiindawo zetsimbi ezifana nomzimba wemoto, abavelisi ngokubanzi abakhethi le-Angle yokukhupha.
ukugcinwa
indlela
1. Xa inqwelo-mafutha ebandayo kunzima ukuyiqalisa ebusika, vala ukuminxa ukuqalisa injini, kwaye unikele ingqalelo yokuvula ukuminxa kwangethuba emva kwemoto eshushu. Akuvunyelwe ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu ixesha elide kunye ne-choke evaliweyo.
2. Akuvumelekanga ukufaka i-windshields okanye ezinye izinto zokuhlobisa phambi kwenjini kunye ne-muffler kwizithuthi ezikhwelayo (izithuthi zamadoda), eziya kuchaphazela ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu be-injini kunye ne-muffler;
3. Musa ukuqhuba ixesha elide kwi-gear ephantsi kunye nomthwalo omkhulu, oya kubangela umonakalo kwi-injini kunye ne-muffler;
4. Musa ukuqhuma i-accelerator kwisantya esiphezulu kwindawo ixesha elide;
5. Xa kukho ioli kumphezulu we-muffler, imoto eshushu iya kwenza umbala wayo womphezulu utshintshe umthubi, uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njalo njalo. Ukongeza, xa kukho ubuninzi bokungcola kunye nolunye ukungcola ebusweni be-muffler, nceda ucoce ngexesha ukuze ugweme ukuchaphazela ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu;
6. Xa ufaka i-muffler, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-muffler pad ifakwe kwindawo kwaye igxininiswe ukukhusela ukuvuza komoya, okuchaphazela umphumo we-muffler kunye nokubangela ukuba i-muffler interface ibe phuzi;
7. Ukukhutshwa kwevalve ye-injini kunye ne-carburetor, isihluzo somoya, njl.njl. kufuneka kuhlengahlengiswe kwaye kucocwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye ngendlela echanekileyo ngokwemiyalelo yesithuthi, njengokucocwa kwevalve kuncinci kakhulu okanye umxube ungqindilili kakhulu okanye ubhityile kakhulu. iya kuchaphazela ukutsha kwaye ichaphazele i-muffler.
ubugcisa
Isakhono sokugcina umbhobho wokukhupha inqwelo-mafutha isakhono sokuqala: ukungangeni manzi
Xa uqhuba ngeentsuku zemvula okanye ukuya kwindawo yokuhlamba imoto, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekukhuseleni i-silencer ekungeneni emanzini, ngaphandle koko kuya kukhokelela ngokulula kwi-rust kunye nokuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kombhobho wokukhupha; Ukuba i-muffler ayikhukhulwanga, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqalise ngokukhawuleza i-injini yemoto eshushu, kwaye kangangoko kunokwenzeka, amanzi kwi-muffler akhutshwe, okubaluleke kakhulu ekugcinweni kombhobho wokukhupha.
Izakhono zokulungisa umbhobho wokukhupha iimoto ezimbini: ukuthintela umhlwa
I-anti-rust ye-exhaust pipe yemoto ayinayo kuphela amanzi, kodwa i-anti-rust, kwaye indlela engcono kakhulu yokucima ioli echasene ne-rust, ukwenzela ukuba ibe yinto ebanzi. Siqale sisuse i-muffler, sithintele umngxuma wokuhambisa amanzi kwindawo yomhlaba, kwaye emva koko unike i-flange ukuba i-oyile echasene nomhlwa, kwaye emva koko uvuthulule i-muffler, de i-oyile yokulwa nomhlwa ingene ngokulinganayo emzimbeni we-cylinder, uze ufake i-muffler. . Emva koko emva kokuba imoto ihambe malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-20, ukuvaleka komngxuma wokuhambisa amanzi kungathathwa, kwaye kunokwenziwa. Ukugcinwa kwe-anti-rust yombhobho wokukhupha iimoto kunokuqhutywa malunga namaxesha ama-2 ngonyaka ukuqinisekisa kakhulu ukuba umbhobho wokukhupha awuvuthi.
Izakhono zokulungisa umbhobho wokukhupha imoto ezintathu: ukucoca
Ngenxa yokuba umbhobho wokukhupha uvame ukuvezwa, kodwa ufana nengaphakathi lemoto, ukuba ingaphakathi lombhobho wokukhupha ligqunywe ngokungcola, liya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kombhobho wokukhupha, kwaye kunokubangela ukuba ezinye izinto ezinobungozi. ngena emotweni ngenxa yokungaqhubi kakuhle komqhubi, kwaye kubangele ezinye iingxaki ezinkulu, kukwayinto eyenzekayo. Ngoko ke, ekugcinweni kombhobho wokukhupha imoto, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekucoceni umbhobho wokukhupha.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule ndawo!
Nceda usibize ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
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