Icondenser.
I-Condenser, inxalenye yenkqubo yokukhenkceza, yeyomntu otshintshisa ubushushu, onokuguqula igesi okanye umphunga ube lulwelo, kwaye udlulise ubushushu obukwityhubhu emoyeni kufuphi nombhobho ngendlela ekhawulezayo. Inkqubo yokusebenza ye-condenser yinkqubo yokukhutshwa kobushushu, ngoko ke ukushisa kwe-condenser kuphezulu.
Iicondenser ezininzi zisetyenziswa kwizityalo zamandla ukuthoba umphunga osuka kwiiinjini zomoya. Iicondensers zisetyenziswa kwizityalo zokukhenkcisa ukujiya imiphunga yefriji efana neammonia kunye nefreon. Iicondensers zisetyenziswa kushishino lwepetrochemical ukujiya iihydrocarbons kunye neminye imiphunga yeekhemikhali. Kwinkqubo yedistillation, isixhobo esitshintsha umphunga ube yimeko engamanzi sikwabizwa ngokuba yicondenser. Zonke iicondenser zisebenza ngokususa ubushushu kwiigesi okanye umphunga.
Inxalenye yomatshini yenkqubo yefriji, eyeye-heat exchanger, inokuguqula igesi okanye umphunga ube ngulwelo, kwaye idlulisele ubushushu kumbhobho emoyeni kufuphi nombhobho ngendlela ekhawulezayo. Inkqubo yokusebenza ye-condenser yinkqubo yokukhutshwa kobushushu, ngoko ke ukushisa kwe-condenser kuphezulu.
Iicondenser ezininzi zisetyenziswa kwizityalo zamandla ukuthoba umphunga osuka kwiiinjini zomoya. Iicondensers zisetyenziswa kwizityalo zokukhenkcisa ukujiya imiphunga yefriji efana neammonia kunye nefreon. Iicondensers zisetyenziswa kushishino lwepetrochemical ukujiya iihydrocarbons kunye neminye imiphunga yeekhemikhali. Kwinkqubo yedistillation, isixhobo esitshintsha umphunga ube yimeko engamanzi sikwabizwa ngokuba yicondenser. Zonke iicondenser zisebenza ngokususa ubushushu berhasi okanye umphunga. [1]
umgaqo
Igesi idlula ityhubhu ende (ngokuqhelekileyo ifakwe kwi-solenoid), ivumela ukulahleka kobushushu kumoya ojikelezayo. Iintsimbi ezifana nobhedu, ezihambisa ubushushu, zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha umphunga. Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwecondenser, iisinki zobushushu ezinomsebenzi oncomekayo wokuqhuba ubushushu zihlala zincanyathiselwe kwimibhobho yokwandisa indawo yokuchitha ubushushu ukukhawulezisa ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu, kwaye ukuhanjiswa komoya kukhawuleziswa ngefeni ukuze kususe ubushushu.
Kwinkqubo ejikelezayo yefriji, icompressor iphefumlela ubushushu obuphantsi kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi lwe-refrigerant steam ukusuka kwi-evaporator, e-adiabatic ixinzelelwe kubushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu olushushu oluphezulu lwe-compressor, kwaye lucinezele kwi-condenser ukuze rhoqo. ukupholisa uxinzelelo, kwaye ikhuphe ubushushu kwindawo yokupholisa, kwaye emva koko ipholile kwifriji yolwelo epholileyo. I refrigerant elulwelo iba ulwelo oluphantsi-uxinzelelo lwefriji ngokusebenzisa ukwandiswa kwevalve adiabatic throttling, ingumphunga kwaye ifunxa ubushushu emoyeni conditioning ejikeleza amanzi (umoya) kwi evaporator, ngaloo ndlela ukupholisa umoya ojikelezayo ojikeleza amanzi ukuze ufezekise injongo yefriji, kwaye ifriji ephuma kuxinzelelo oluphantsi ifunxwa kwi-compressor, ngoko umjikelo usebenza.
Inkqubo yefriji yokucinezela umphunga enenqanaba elinye yenziwe ngamacandelo amane asisiseko secompressor yefriji, icondenser, ivalve ye-throttle kunye ne-evaporator, edityaniswe ngokulandelelana ngemibhobho ukwenza inkqubo evaliweyo, kwaye ifriji ihlala ijikeleza kwinkqubo, itshintsha ilizwe, kunye notshintshiselwano. ubushushu kunye nehlabathi langaphandle.
Iinto zokuzilungisa
Kwinkqubo yefriji, i-evaporator, i-condenser, i-compressor kunye ne-valve ye-throttle zizinto ezine ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yefriji, apho i-evaporator iyisixhobo esihambisa inani elibandayo. Ifriji ifunxa ubushushu bento epholiswayo ukuze ifezekise ukupholisa. Icompressor yintliziyo, edlala indima yokuphefumla, ukucinezela kunye nokuthutha umphunga wefriji. I-condenser sisixhobo esikhupha ubushushu, sigqithisa ubushushu obufakwe kwi-evaporator kunye nobushushu obuguqulwa ngumsebenzi we-compressor ukuya kwindawo yokupholisa. I-valve ye-throttle idlala indima ye-throttling kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwefriji, ngelixa lilawula kwaye lilawula inani le-refrigerant liquid egeleza kwi-evaporator, kwaye inkqubo ihlukaniswe ibe ngamacandelo amabini: icala eliphezulu loxinzelelo kunye necala eliphantsi loxinzelelo. Kwinkqubo yefriji yokwenyani, ukongeza kwezi nxalenye zine zingentla, kudla ngokubakho ezinye izixhobo ezincedisayo, ezinjengeevalvu ze-solenoid, i-dipensers, i-dryer, abaqokeleli, iiplagi ze-fusible, izilawuli zoxinzelelo kunye namanye amacandelo, amiselwe ukuphucula uqoqosho. ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
Ngokwefomu yokunciphisa, i-air conditioner inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanzi apholileyo kunye ne-air-cooled, kwaye ngokwenjongo yokusetyenziswa, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-single-ipholile kwaye ifakwe efrijini kwaye ifudunyezwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lokuqulunqwa. yenziwe ngamacandelo aphambili alandelayo.
Imfuneko ye-condenser isekelwe kumthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics - ngokomthetho wesibini we-thermodynamics, i-spontaneous flow direction yamandla obushushu ngaphakathi kwenkqubo evaliweyo yindlela enye, oko kukuthi, inokuhamba kuphela ukusuka kubushushu obuphezulu ukuya kubushushu obuphantsi. , kunye namasuntswana amancinci athwala amandla obushushu kwihlabathi le-microscopic anokutshintsha kuphela ukusuka kumyalelo ukuya kwisiphithiphithi. Ngoko ke, xa injini yobushushu inegalelo lamandla okwenza umsebenzi, umlambo osezantsi kufuneka ube nokukhululwa kwamandla, ukuze kubekho umsantsa wamandla obushushu phakathi komlambo onyukayo kunye nosezantsi, ukuhamba kwamandla okushisa kuya kwenzeka, kwaye umjikelo uya kuqhubeka. .
Ngoko ke, ukuba ufuna ukuba umphathiswa enze umsebenzi kwakhona, kufuneka uqale ukhulule amandla okushisa angakhutshwanga ngokupheleleyo, kwaye kufuneka usebenzise i-condenser ngeli xesha. Ukuba amandla okushisa ajikelezayo angaphezulu kweqondo lokushisa kwi-condenser, ukwenzela ukupholisa i-condenser, umsebenzi kufuneka wenziwe (ngokubanzi usebenzisa i-compressor). Ulwelo olujiyileyo lubuyela kwindawo ephezulu kunye namandla aphantsi ashushu, kwaye umsebenzi unokwenziwa kwakhona.
Ukukhethwa kwe-condenser kubandakanya ukhetho lwefom kunye nemodeli, kwaye inquma ukuhamba kunye nokuchasana kwamanzi okupholisa okanye umoya ohamba nge-condenser. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-condenser kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo umthombo wamanzi wendawo, ubushushu bamanzi, iimeko zemozulu, kunye nobukhulu bomthamo wokupholisa ngokupheleleyo wenkqubo yefriji kunye neemfuno zokubeka igumbi lefriji. Ngaphantsi kwesiseko sokumisela uhlobo lwe-condenser, indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa kwe-condenser ibalwa ngokuhambelana nomthwalo wokunciphisa kunye nomthwalo wokushisa kwiyunithi yendawo ye-condenser, ukwenzela ukuba ukhethe imodeli ethile ye-condenser.
Ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo
Emva kokufunxa ubushushu bento epholileyo kwi-evaporator, isikhenkcezisi solwelo siyaphuphuma sibe ngubushushu obuphezulu kunye nomphunga woxinzelelo oluphantsi, siphefumlelwa yicompressor, icinezelwe kuxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu bomphunga kwaye emva koko ingene kwicondenser, ikhuphe ubushushu kwindawo yokupholisa. (amanzi okanye umoya) kwi-condenser, ijiya ibe lulwelo olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ibethwa yivalve ye-throttle yoxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nesikhenkcezisi esisezantsi, ize ingene kwi-evaporator kwakhona ukuze ifunxe ubushushu kwaye ibe ngumphunga. Ukufezekisa injongo yefriji yokujikeleza. Ngale ndlela, i-refrigerant kwinkqubo ngokunyuka kwe-evaporation, i-compression, i-condensation, i-throttling iinkqubo ezine ezisisiseko ukugqiba umjikelo wefriji.
Izinto eziphambili ziyi-compressor, i-condenser, i-evaporator, i-valve yokwandisa (okanye i-capillary, i-valve yokulawula i-supercooling), i-valve yeendlela ezine, i-valve ephindaphindiweyo, i-valve yokujonga, i-valve ye-solenoid, i-switch switch, i-fuse, i-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo, isilawuli soxinzelelo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi. itanki, umtshintshi wobushushu, umqokeleli, isihluzi, isomisi, isixhobo sokuvula ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokuvala, ivalve yokumisa, iplagi yokutofa ulwelo kunye nezinye izinto.
yombane
Amacandelo aphambili ziimotor (i-compressors, abalandeli, njl.), iiswitshi zokusebenza, ii-electromagnetic contactors, ii-relays ezidibeneyo, ii-overcurrent relays, i-thermal overcurrent relays, i-thermal overcurrent relays, izilawuli zobushushu, izilawuli zokufuma, utshintsho lobushushu (lokuqhaqha, ukuthintela umkhenkce, njl. njl.). I-Compressor crankcase heater, i-water relay, ibhodi yekhompyutha kunye nezinye izinto.
Ulawulo
Iqulathe inani lezixhobo zolawulo, ezi:
Umlawuli wefriji: i-valve yokwandisa, i-capillary, njl.
Umlawuli wesekethe yefriji: i-valve yeendlela ezine, i-valve yokukhangela, i-valve kabini, i-solenoid valve.
Isilawuli soxinzelelo lwefriji: i-pressure opener, i-output pressure regulator, isilawuli soxinzelelo.
Umkhuseli weMoto: i-overcurrent relay, i-thermal overcurrent relay, i-relay yobushushu.
Ulawulo lobushushu: isilawuli somgangatho wobushushu, isilawuli somlinganiselo wobushushu.
Isilawuli sokufuma: umlawuli wenqanaba lokufuma.
Isilawuli se-Defrosting: Ukutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu, i-defrosting relay ixesha, utshintsho oluhlukeneyo lobushushu.
Ukulawulwa kwamanzi okupholisa: ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, ivalve yokulawula amanzi, impompo yamanzi, njl.
Ulawulo lwe-alam: i-alam yobushushu obugqithisileyo, i-alam emanzi kakhulu, i-alam engaphantsi kombane, i-alam yomlilo, i-alam yomsi, njl.
Olunye ulawulo: isilawuli sesantya somlandeli wangaphakathi, isilawuli sesantya somlandeli wangaphandle, njl.
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