I-catalysis yeendlela ezintathu.
I-catalysis yeendlela ezintathu ibhekisa ekuguqulweni kweegesi ezinobungozi ezifana ne-CO, i-HC kunye ne-NOx ukusuka kwi-exhaust yemoto ukuya kwi-carbon dioxide engenabungozi, amanzi kunye ne-nitrogen ngokusebenzisa i-oxidation kunye nokunciphisa. Inxalenye ye-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu yingcezu yezinto ze-ceramic ezinemingxuma, ezifakwe kumbhobho okhethekileyo we-exhaust. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-catalyst kuba ayithathi nxaxheba kwi-catalytic reaction ngokwayo, kodwa igqunywe ngengubo yesinyithi esixabisekileyo njengeplatinum, i-rhodium, i-palladium kunye ne-rare earths. Sesona sixhobo sibalulekileyo sokucoca ngaphandle esifakwe kwinkqubo ye-exhaust yemoto.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wesiguquli se-catalytic esineendlela ezintathu ngulo: xa isicoci se-automobile esinobushushu obuphezulu sidlula kwisixhobo sokucoca, isicoci esikwisiguquli se-catalytic esineendlela ezintathu siya kuphucula umsebenzi weegesi ezintathu ze-CO, ii-hydrocarbons kunye ne-NOx, kwaye siyikhuthaze ukuba idlule kwi-reaction ethile yekhemikhali yokunciphisa i-oxidation, apho i-CO i-oxidized ibe yigesi ye-carbon dioxide engenambala, engenatyhefu kubushushu obuphezulu; Ii-hydrocarbons zi-oxidized zibe ngamanzi (H2O) kunye ne-carbon dioxide kubushushu obuphezulu; i-NOx incitshiswa ibe yi-nitrogen kunye ne-oxygen. Iigesi ezintathu ezinobungozi ziba ziigesi ezingenabungozi, ukuze isicoci se-car sicocwe. Ukuba kusekho i-oxygen ekhoyo, umlinganiselo womoya-fuel ufanelekile.
Ngenxa yokuba ipetroli inesulfure, iphosphorus kwaye i-antiknock agent MMT inemanganese, ezi khemikhali ziya kwenza iichemical complexes kumphezulu we-oxygen sensor kwaye ngaphakathi kwi-three-way catalytic converter enegesi yokukhupha umoya ekhutshwa emva kokutsha. Ukongeza, ngenxa yemikhwa emibi yomqhubi yokuqhuba, okanye ukuqhuba ixesha elide kwiindlela ezixineneyo, injini idla ngokuba kwimeko yokutsha engaphelelanga, eya kwenza ukuqokelelwa kwekhabhoni kwi-oxygen sensor kunye ne-three-way catalytic converter. Ukongeza, iindawo ezininzi zelizwe zisebenzisa i-ethanol gas, enefuthe elinamandla lokucoca, iya kucoca ukungcola kwigumbi lokutsha kodwa ayinakubola kwaye itshise, ngoko ke ngokukhutshwa kwegesi yokukhupha umoya, olu thuli luya kufakwa kumphezulu we-oxygen sensor kunye ne-three-way catalytic converter. Kungenxa yezizathu ezininzi ukuba emva kokuba imoto iqhutywe ixesha elithile, ukongeza ekuqokeleleni kwekhabhoni kwivalvu yokungenisa kunye negumbi lokutsha, kuya kubangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-oxygen sensor kunye ne-catalyst poisoning yeendlela ezintathu, ukuvalwa kwe-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu kunye ne-EGR valve evalwe yi-sediment kunye nezinye iingxaki, okubangela ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwenjini, okubangela ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, ukwehla kwamandla kunye nokuphuma komoya okugqitha umgangatho.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kweenjini zemveli kunqunyelwe kulondolozo olusisiseko lwenkqubo yokuthambisa, inkqubo yokungenisa kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngepetroli, kodwa ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno zolondolozo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo yanamhlanje yokuthambisa injini, inkqubo yokungenisa, inkqubo yokubonelela ngepetroli kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha umoya, ingakumbi iimfuno zokugcinwa kwenkqubo yokulawula ukukhupha umoya. Ke ngoko, nokuba isithuthi sigcinwa sisemgangathweni ixesha elide, kunzima ukuphepha ezi ngxaki zingasentla.
Ukuphendula kwezi ngxaki, amanyathelo athathwa ngamashishini okulungisa adla ngokuthatha indawo yezinzwa zeoksijini kunye neziguquli ze-catalytic ezineendlela ezintathu, kodwa ngenxa yengxaki yeendleko zokutshintsha, iingxabano phakathi kwamashishini okulungisa kunye nabathengi ziyaqhubeka. Ngokukodwa, ezo zinzwa zeoksijini kunye nezivuseleli zeendlela ezintathu ezingathathelwanga indawo bubomi bazo obuluncedo zihlala zizinto eziphambili kwiingxabano, kwaye abathengi abaninzi bade bathi ingxaki ibangelwa kumgangatho wemoto.
Ukuze kusonjululwe le ngxaki yentloko enzima nenzima ukuyisombulula ingxaki yamashishini okuvelisa iimoto, amashishini okugcina, amasebe olawulo lolondolozo kunye namasebe okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, amaziko ophando lwesayensi afanelekileyo aphande kwaye ayila iseti entsha yeendlela zokulungisa iinjini kunye neetekhnoloji zeziphene zeendlela zemveli zokulungisa iinjini.
Umxholo wale teknoloji intsha ngulo: xa kusenziwa ulondolozo oluqhelekileyo lwabathengi, ukongeza ekutshintsheni ioyile kunye nokugcinwa kwezihluzo ezintathu, kongezwa ukucoca kunye nokugcinwa kwe-catalytic converter eneendlela ezintathu. Iimpawu zayo zobugcisa zezi: Indibaniselwano yendalo "yokuhlolwa kwezinto zokulawula igesi yokukhupha umoya kwimoto" kunye neendlela zemveli zokugcinwa rhoqo kweenjini ukuze kulungiswe iindlela zemveli zokugcinwa rhoqo kweenjini azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeziphene zokugcinwa kweenjini zanamhlanje, Isisombululo esingasebenziyo kwingxaki yokusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa komoya kwinjini yokukhusela okusingqongileyo siya kutshintshwa sibe kukuthintela okusebenzayo kokusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa komoya kwinjini yokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
1, ukuba kukho umonakalo woomatshini, ukutshiswa kwegesi okushushu, iimayile ezingaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-200,000, ityhefu yelothe, isiphumo sokucoca asibi sikhulu.
2, njengenjini phakathi kokucoca, khupha ngoko nangoko ipayipi yokudibanisa injini kunye nezixhobo, uze uvale ivalvu yokuhamba. Qalisa kwakhona injini, ingasebenzi kakuhle, ingaxhunywa kwakhona kwaye ilungiswe.
3, jonga ukuba umxube ufanelekile na ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo lunokuphefumlelwa kwindawo yokungena yenkungu.
4, ukucoca iindawo ezintathu kufuneka kucocwe emva kokusebenzisa i-throttle, i-nozzle yepetroli kunye negumbi lokutsha.
5, ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, isantya sokungaqhubi kakuhle akufuneki sibe phezulu kakhulu ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithisa kakhulu kwesiguquli se-catalytic esineendlela ezintathu.
6, musa ukuphosa ulwelo lokucoca kwipeyinti yesithuthi.
7, indawo yokusebenzela ikude nomthombo womlilo, yenza umsebenzi olungileyo wokulinganisa umlilo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izimisele ukuthengisa iinxalenye zeemoto ze-MG&MAUXS kwaye wamkelekile ukuzithenga.
