I-catalysis yeendlela ezintathu.
I-catalysis yeendlela ezintathu ibhekisela ekuguqulweni kweegesi ezinobungozi ezifana ne-CO, i-HC kunye ne-NOx ukusuka kwi-automobile exhaust ibe yi-carbon dioxide engenabungozi, amanzi kunye ne-nitrogen ngokusebenzisa i-oxidation kunye nokunciphisa. Inxalenye yomphathi we-catalyst yeendlela ezintathu yisiqwenga se-porous ceramic material, efakwe kwipayipi ekhethekileyo yokukhupha. Ibizwa ngokuba ngumthwali ngenxa yokuba ayithathi nxaxheba kwi-catalytic reaction ngokwayo, kodwa igutyungelwe ngeentsimbi ezinqabileyo ezifana neplatinam, i-rhodium, i-palladium kunye nomhlaba onqabileyo. Sesona sixhobo sibaluleke kakhulu sokuhlanjululwa kwangaphandle esifakwe kwi-exhaust system yemoto.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wendlela ezintathu zokuguqula i-catalytic: xa ukukhutshwa kwemoto ephezulu yokushisa kudlula kwisixhobo sokucoca, isicoci kwi-converter ye-catalytic yeendlela ezintathu siya kuphucula umsebenzi weegesi ezintathu ze-CO, i-hydrocarbons kunye ne-NOx, kwaye ikhuthaze. ukuba ingene kwikhemikhali ethile yokunciphisa i-oxidation, apho i-CO oxidized ibe yigesi engenambala, engeyotyhefu ye-carbon dioxide gas kubushushu obuphezulu; I-Hydrocarbons i-oxidized emanzini (H2O) kunye ne-carbon dioxide kumaqondo aphezulu; I-NOx iyancitshiswa ibe yinitrogen kunye neoksijini. Iigesi ezintathu eziyingozi ziba ziigesi ezingenabungozi, ukuze umbhobho wemoto ucocwe. Kucingelwa ukuba kusekho ioksijini ekhoyo, umlinganiselo wamafutha omoya ufanelekile.
Ngenxa yokuba i-fuel iqulethe i-sulfure, i-phosphorus kunye ne-agent ye-antiknock ye-MMT iqulethe i-manganese, la macandelo ekhemikhali aya kwenza ii-chemical complexes kumphezulu we-oxygen sensor kunye nangaphakathi kwe-converter ye-catalytic yeendlela ezintathu kunye negesi ephumayo ekhutshwe emva kokutsha. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yeendlela zokuqhuba kakubi zomqhubi, okanye ixesha elide lokuqhuba kwiindlela ezixineneyo, injini isoloko ikwimeko yokutsha engaphelelanga, eya kwenza i-carbon accumulation in the sensor oxygen and three-way catalytic converter. Ukongezelela, iindawo ezininzi zelizwe zisebenzisa i-petroli ye-ethanol, enefuthe elinamandla lokucoca, iya kucoca ukungcola kwigumbi lokutsha kodwa ayikwazi ukubola nokutshisa, ngoko ke ngokukhutshwa kwegesi yokukhupha, oku kungcola kuya kufakwa kwi- umphezulu wenzwa ye-oxygen kunye ne-catalytic converter yeendlela ezintathu. Kungenxa yezinto ezininzi ukuba emva kokuba imoto iqhutywe ixesha elide, ukongeza kwi-carbon accumulation kwi-valve yokungena kunye negumbi lokutshisa, kuya kubangela ukuba inzwa ye-oksijeni kunye neendlela ezintathu zokungaphumeleli kwetyhefu, ezintathu. -indlela yokuthintela i-catalyst blocking kunye ne-valve ye-EGR ivalwe yintlenga kunye nokunye ukungaphumeleli, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwe-injini, okubangelwa ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, ukuhla kwamandla kunye nokukhupha okungaphezulu komgangatho.
Ukugcinwa kwe-injini yesiqhelo yesiqhelo kuthintelwe kugcino olusisiseko lwenkqubo yokuthambisa, inkqubo yokuthatha kunye nenkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha, kodwa ayinakuhlangabezana neemfuno zogcino olubanzi lwenkqubo yokuthambisa injini yale mihla, inkqubo yokuthatha, inkqubo yokubonelela ngamafutha kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, ngakumbi iimfuno zogcino. yenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo. Ngoko ke, nangona isithuthi sigcinwa ngokuqhelekileyo ixesha elide, kunzima ukuphepha iingxaki ezingentla.
Ukuphendula kwiintsilelo ezinjalo, amanyathelo athathwe ngamashishini olondolozo ahlala ethatha indawo ye-oxygen sensors kunye ne-catalytic converters ezintathu, kodwa ngenxa yengxaki yeendleko zokutshintsha, iingxabano phakathi kwamashishini olondolozo kunye nabathengi bayaqhubeka. Ngokukodwa, ezo zinzwa ze-oksijini kunye neendlela ezintathu ze-catalysts ezingakhange zitshintshwe ubomi babo obuncedo zihlala zigxininisa kwiingxabano, kwaye abathengi abaninzi bade bathi ingxaki kumgangatho wemoto.
Ukuze kulungiswe le ntloko ebuhlungu kwaye kunzima ukusombulula ingxaki yamashishini okuvelisa iimoto, amashishini olondolozo, amasebe olawulo lolondolozo kunye namasebe okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi afanelekileyo aphande kwaye ayila iseti entsha yeendlela zokugcinwa kwe-injini kunye nobuchwepheshe kwiziphene. iindlela zesiqhelo zokulondolozwa kwe-injini.
Umxholo wobu buchwepheshe obutsha kukuba: xa uqhuba ukugcinwa rhoqo kubathengi, ngaphezu kokutshintsha ioli kunye nokugcinwa kwezihlunu ezintathu, ukucocwa kunye nokugcinwa kwendlela yokuguqula i-catalytic yeendlela ezintathu zongezwa. Iimpawu zayo zobuchwephesha zezi: Indibaniselwano ye-Organic "yokuhlola inkqubo yokulawula igesi yokukhupha igesi kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto" kunye neendlela zokugcinwa kwe-injini yesiqhelo ukwenza iindlela zesiqhelo zokugcinwa kwe-injini azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeziphene zokugcinwa kwe-injini yanamhlanje, isisombululo Ingxaki yokusebenza ngokungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwe-injini yokukhusela indalo iya kutshintshwa ibe kukuthintelwa okusebenzayo kokusebenza okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yokulawula ukukhutshwa kwe-injini yokhuselo lokusingqongileyo.
I-1, ukuba kukho umonakalo owenziwe ngoomatshini, i-sintering eshushu, i-mileage engaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-200,000, i-lead poisoning, isiphumo sokucoca asisikhulu.
2, njenge-injini embindini wokucoca, qhawula ngokukhawuleza i-injini kunye ne-hose yokudibanisa izixhobo, kwaye uvale ivalve yokuhamba. Qalisa kwakhona i-injini, ingasebenzi kakuhle, inokudityaniswa kwaye ihlengahlengiswe.
3, khangela ukuba umxube womxube ufanelekile na ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo lunokuphefumlelwa kwi-inlet inkungu.
I-4, ukucoca iindawo ezintathu kufuneka zicocwe emva kwe-throttle, i-fuel nozzle kunye negumbi lokutsha.
I-5, ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, isantya sokungenzi nto akufanele sibe phezulu kakhulu ukuphepha ukugqithiswa kwe-converter ye-catalytic yeendlela ezintathu.
6, musa ukulahla ulwelo lokucoca kwipeyinti yesithuthi.
I-7, indawo yokusebenza kude nomthombo womlilo, yenza umsebenzi omhle wamanyathelo omlilo.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule ndawo!
Nceda usibize ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophelele ekuthengiseni MG & MAUXS iinxalenye auto wamkelekile ukuthenga.
