Isipili esisecaleni.
Isibuko esibuyela umva sesinye sezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokhuseleko emzimbeni wesithuthi, esisetyenziselwa ukujonga imeko yendlela engasemva yemoto xa ijika umva kwaye umqhubi ujonge wonke umzimba wemoto xa iqhuba imoto.
Okwangoku, ifilimu yokubonakalisa isipili esibuyela umva sezithuthi zasekhaya ngokubanzi yenziwe ngesilivere ne-aluminium, kwaye enye yayo yenziwe nge-chromium. Kumazwe angaphandle, izibuko ze-chrome zithathe indawo yezibuko zesilivere kunye nezibuko ze-aluminium.
Isibuko esichasene nokukhanya ngokubanzi sifakwa kwindawo leyo, eyenziwe sisibuko esikhethekileyo kunye nee-photodiode ezimbini kunye nomlawuli we-elektroniki, umlawuli we-elektroniki ufumana ukukhanya kwangaphambili kunye nomqondiso wokukhanya kwangasemva othunyelwa yi-photodiode. Ukuba ukukhanya kokukhanyisa kukhanya kwisibuko sangaphakathi, ukuba ukukhanya kwangasemva kukhulu kunokukhanya kwangaphambili, umlawuli we-elektroniki uya kukhupha i-voltage kwi-conductive layer. I-voltage kwi-conductive layer itshintsha umbala we-electrochemical layer yesibuko, i-voltage iphezulu, kokukhona umbala we-electrochemical layer umnyama, ngeli xesha nokuba i-radiation enamandla kwisibuko esingasemva, izibuko ezichasene nokukhanya eziboniswa emehlweni omqhubi ziya kubonisa ukukhanya okumnyama, kungekhona okukhazimlayo.
Ngokubanzi, imoto inezibuko ezintathu ezijonga ngasemva, kwaye umniniyo uqhuba ukuze azibone phantse izihlandlo ezilikhulu ngemini, kodwa kukho ezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene noko ezidla ngokungananzwa, ezifana nendlela yokulungisa isibuko esijonga ngasemva ukuze sifikelele kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, indlela yokujongana nengxaki yokungaboni kakuhle kwesibuko esijonga ngasemva kunye nempembelelo yokukhanya kwesibuko esijonga ngasemva kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya. Ngoncedo lwesibuko esijonga ngasemva semoto, umqhubi unokwandisa indawo yokubona, abone ngokungathanga ngqo umva wemoto, ecaleni nangaphantsi kwemeko, kunokuthiwa isibuko esijonga ngasemva semoto sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumqhubi, ngoko ke yintoni ekufuneka umnini ayiqwalasele kwingxaki yesibuko esijonga ngasemva?
(1) Ukulungiswa kwesipili sangasemva kunemithetho ethile, akunakuba konke ngokuziva
Wonke umntu unendlela eyahlukileyo yokuqhuba, ngokubanzi ngokuziva ulungisa isibuko esijonga ngasemva. Enyanisweni, kukho imithetho ethile yokulungisa isibuko esijonga ngasemva. Le miba ilandelayo kufuneka iqatshelwe kulungiso:
① Ukuze ulungise izibuko ezintathu ezijonga ngasemva, qala ulungise indawo yokuhlala, uze ulungise isibuko.
② Kwisibuko esingasemva emotweni, iindawo zasekhohlo nasekunene zilungelelaniswe kumda wasekhohlo wesibuko zisikwe nje endlebeni yasekunene yomfanekiso kwisibuko. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwiimeko zokuqhuba ngokubanzi, awukwazi ukuzibona kwisibuko esingasemva emotweni, kwaye iindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zezokubeka umphezulu okude embindini wesibuko.
Kwisibuko sasekhohlo esijonga ngasemva, iindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi zezokubeka umphezulu okude embindini, kwaye iindawo zasekhohlo nezisekunene zilungelelaniswe nomzimba ohlala kwi-1/4 yoluhlu lwesibuko.
Kwisibuko sasekunene esijonga ngasemva, kuba isihlalo somqhubi sikwicala lasekhohlo, ubuchule bomqhubi bokujonga icala lasekunene lomzimba akulula kangako, kunye nesidingo sokupaka ecaleni kwendlela ngamanye amaxesha, indawo engaphantsi kwesibuko sasekunene iba nkulu xa kulungiswa iindawo eziphezulu nezisezantsi, nto leyo ethetha malunga ne-2/3 yesibuko. Iindawo zasekhohlo nezisekunene nazo zilungelelaniswe kwi-1/4 yendawo yomzimba.
(2) Ububanzi besibuko esingasemva bulinganiselwe, kwaye kufuneka ulumke kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo
Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ukuze kususwe amabala angaboniyo, izipili zasekhohlo nasekunene kufuneka zijikwe ziye ngaphandle okanye ezantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kunokubangela umva, kuba awunakususa amabala angaboniyo, kwaye kunokukwenza uphumle ukujonga kwakho amabala angaboniyo. Umqhubi oqhelekileyo unokubona malunga ne-200° ngasekhohlo nasekunene ngaphambili ngaphandle kokujonga ngasemva, ngamanye amazwi, kukho malunga ne-160° engabonakaliyo. Ukuthembela kwizipili ezintathu ezincinci ukugubungela i-160° eseleyo "sisipili esinamandla kakhulu". Enyanisweni, izipili zasekhohlo nasekunene kunye nezipili zangasemva emotweni zinokubonelela kuphela ngoluhlu olongezelelweyo lokubona malunga ne-60°, ngoko ke kufuneka kwenziwe ntoni nge-100° eseleyo? Ama-100° aseleyo yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yindawo engaboniyo. Yingakho kufuneka sijonge emva kwiindawo zethu ezingaboniyo ngelixa siqhuba. Nangona iimoto ezininzi ezintsha zixhotyiswe ngezibuko ezigobileyo ezimbini, kodwa esi sisipili sasekhohlo, sasekunene esingasemva, i-Engela yombono wokwandisa ezinye, asikwazi ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo zonke iindawo, ngoko ke indawo engaboniyo okanye ukuba silumke ngakumbi.
(3) Ukukhanya kwesibuko esingasemva kwahlukile emini nasebusuku, kwaye kufuneka kulungiswe ngokufanelekileyo
Bambalwa abantu abaqwalasela ukubonakaliswa kwesibuko esingasemva. Ubungakanani bokubonakaliswa bunxulumene nezinto zefilimu ezikhanyayo kumphezulu wesibuko, kwaye okukhona ukukhanya kukhulu, kokukhona umfanekiso ocacileyo obonakaliswa sisibuko. Ifilimu ekhanyayo yesibuko esingasemva semoto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zesilivere neze-aluminium, ukubonakaliswa kwayo okuncinci ngokubanzi yi-80%. Ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu kuya kuba nemiphumo emibi ngamanye amaxesha, njengokuqhuba ebusuku phantsi kokukhanya kwezibane zemoto, ukubonakaliswa kwesibuko esingasemva emotweni kuya kwenza umqhubi abe nengqiqo engaboniyo, echaphazela ukhuseleko lokuqhuba, ngoko ke isibuko esingasemva emotweni sihlala sisibuko esiphambili, nangona isibuko sisicaba, kodwa imilo yaso yecandelo elinqamlezileyo yi-prismatic, sisebenzisa ukubonakaliswa komphezulu wesibuko esiphambili kwaye ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi akuzona iimpawu ezifanayo, Akufikeleli mfuneko yokukhanya. Emini, kusetyenziswa ifilimu ekhanyayo yangaphakathi yesilivere okanye i-aluminium enokubonakaliswa kwe-80%, kwaye ebusuku, kusetyenziswa iglasi yomphezulu enokubonakaliswa kwe-4% kuphela. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, isibuko sangaphakathi esingasemva kwindawo yasemini kufuneka sijikeleziswe ngokufanelekileyo ebusuku ukuze sikwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemfuno zokuqhuba.
Abavelisi abaninzi beemoto basebenza nzima kwisibuko esingasemva semoto, umsebenzi wokunyibilikisa isibuko esingasemva kunye nomsebenzi wenkungu, umsebenzi wokuhlamba, iteknoloji ye-LCD yesibuko esingasemva kunye netekhnoloji yekhamera yemoto engasemva iye yavela, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo eziphambili zenza imoto ibe krelekrele kwaye ikhuseleke ngakumbi, kodwa kwimoto nganye yokuvelisa, isibuko esingasemva sasekhohlo nesasekunene esikwicala lomnyango kunye nesibuko esingasemva ngaphakathi kwemoto. Nangona zibukeka zibuhlungu, nangona zonyusa ukumelana nokuqhuba, kwaye ngenxa yendawo ezikuyo kumacala angaphandle omzimba, zisengozini enkulu yokulimala, kodwa akukho moto ingekhoyo kuzo. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo "amehlo" amathathu emotweni apho ukuqhuba kunokukhuseleka kwaye kuthembeke. Ekuthengeni, kufuneka sithenge iimveliso zokwenyani, iimveliso eziphantsi zinemingcipheko emikhulu yokhuseleko. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuthenga kwi-intanethi, ukuthenga kwi-intanethi, kufuneka baye kwiwebhusayithi eqhelekileyo ukuze bathenge.
Umgangatho wokulungiswa kwesipili esingasemva ngasekhohlo nasekunene: umphezulu okude uphakathi kwesipili, kwaye umzimba uthatha i-1/4 yesipili. Umgangatho wokulungiswa kwesipili esingasemva: Umphezulu okude uphakathi kwesipili, ungayibona indlebe yakho yasekunene. Kukho amanqaku aliqela: (1) Xa ulungisa isipili esingasemva, khetha indlela ethe tye. (2) Xa ulungisa isihlalo somqhubi, lungisa isipili esingasemva. (3) Isipili esingasemva siyindawo engabonakaliyo, musa ukukholelwa kwisipili esingasemva.
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