Ikhoyili yomlilo.
Ngophuhliso lwe-injini yepetroli yemoto ukuya kwicala lesantya esiphezulu, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo oluphezulu, amandla aphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuphantsi kunye nokukhutshwa okuphantsi, isixhobo sokutshisa isiko asikwazanga ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa. Amacandelo angundoqo esixhobo sokutshisa i-coil yokutshisa kunye nesixhobo sokutshintsha, ukuphucula amandla e-coil yokutshisa, i-spark plug inokuvelisa i-spark yamandla eyaneleyo, eyimeko esisiseko yesixhobo sokutshisa ukulungelelanisa nokusebenza kweenjini zanamhlanje. .
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iiseti ezimbini zeekhoyili ngaphakathi kwekhoyili yokutshisa, i-coil yokuqala kunye ne-coil yesibini. I-coil ephambili isebenzisa i-enamelled wire ebanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga ne-0.5-1 mm yocingo lwe-enamelled malunga nokujika kwe-200-500; Ikhoyili yesibini isebenzisa ucingo oluncinci olunamelled, ngokuqhelekileyo malunga no-0.1 mm ucingo olunamelled olujikeleze i-15000-25000 ijika. Esinye isiphelo se-coil ephambili sixhunywe kumbane ophantsi-voltage (+) kwisithuthi, kwaye esinye isiphelo sixhunyiwe kwisixhobo sokutshintsha (i-breaker). Esinye isiphelo sekhoyili yesibini sidityaniswe nekhoyili ephambili, kwaye esinye isiphelo sidityaniswe nesiphelo sesiphumo somgca wombane ophezulu ukuya kwi-voltage ephezulu.
Isizathu sokuba i-coil yokutshisa ikwazi ukuguqula i-voltage ephantsi ibe yi-voltage ephezulu kwimoto kukuba inefomu efanayo ne-transformer eqhelekileyo, kwaye i-coil ephambili inomlinganiselo omkhulu wokujika kune-coil yesibini. Kodwa imowudi yokusebenza ye-coil yokutshisa yahlukile kwi-transformer eqhelekileyo, i-frequency ye-transformer yokusebenza rhoqo igxininiswe i-50Hz, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-transformer frequency frequency, kunye ne-coil yokutshisa ikwimo yokusebenza kwe-pulse, inokuthathwa njenge-pulse transformer. ngokwesantya esahlukileyo se-injini kwiifrikhwensi ezahlukeneyo zokugcina amandla aphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuphuma.
Xa i-coil yokuqala ifakwe amandla, intsimi yemagneti eyomeleleyo iyaveliswa ngeenxa zonke njengoko inyuka ngoku, kwaye amandla emagnethi agcinwa kumbindi wentsimbi. Xa isixhobo sokutshintsha siqhawula isekethe yekhoyili ephambili, intsimi yamagnetic yekhoyili ephambili ibola ngokukhawuleza, kwaye icoil yesibini iva amandla ombane aphezulu. Ukukhawuleza umbane wemagnethi wekhoyili ephambili unyamalala, ubuninzi bangoku ngeli xesha loqhawulo lwangoku, kwaye umlinganiselo omkhulu wokujika weekhoyili ezimbini, uphezulu umbane owenziwe yikhoyili yesibini.
Uhlobo lwekhoyili
Ikhoyili yomlilo ngokwesekethe yamagnetic yahlulwe ngohlobo oluvulekileyo lwemagnethi kwaye ivaliwe uhlobo lwemagnethi ezimbini. Ikhoyili yesiko yokutshisa luhlobo oluvulekileyo lwemagnethi, kwaye umbindi wayo wentsimbi ufakwe nge-0.3mm yamaphepha e-silicon yentsimbi, kwaye kukho iikhoyili zesibini kunye neziphambili ezijikeleze umbindi wentsimbi. Uhlobo lwemagnethi oluvaliweyo lusebenzisa umbindi wentsimbi ofana no-Ⅲ ukujikeleza ikhoyili engundoqo, kwaye emva koko ijikelezise ikhoyili yesibini ngaphandle, kwaye umgca wemagnethi wenziwa ngumbindi wentsimbi. Izinto eziluncedo zekhoyili yokulayita kazibuthe evaliweyo kukuvuza kwemagnethi encinci, ilahleko encinci yamandla kunye nobukhulu obuncinci, ngoko ke inkqubo yokutshisa nge-elektroniki ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa ikhoyili evaliweyo yokuvutha.
Umlilo wolawulo lwamanani
Kwi-injini yepetroli enesantya esiphezulu semoto yanamhlanje, inkqubo yokutshisa elawulwa yi-microprocessor, eyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokutshisa idijithali yedijithali, yamkelwe. Inkqubo yokutshisa iqulethwe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-microcomputer (ikhompyutheni), i-sensor ezahlukeneyo kunye ne-acnition actuators.
Ngapha koko, kwii-injini zanamhlanje, zombini inaliti yepetroli kunye ne-ignition subsystems zilawulwa yi-ECU efanayo, eyabelana ngeseti yezinzwa. Isivamvo siyafana nesenzwa kwinkqubo yokutofa kwepetroli elawulwa ngombane, njengesivamvo sendawo yecrankshaft, isivamvo sendawo yecamshaft, isivamvo sendawo ye-throttle, isivamvo soxinzelelo esithathayo, isivamvo se-dedetonation, njl njl. Isivamvo esibalulekileyo esizinikezelwe kumlilo olawulwa ngombane (ingakumbi i-injini kunye nesixhobo sokutshaja igesi ephumayo), enokubeka iliso ukuba i-dedetonation ye-injini kunye nomgangatho we-dedetonation, njengomqondiso wengxelo ukwenza umyalelo we-ECU ukufezekisa ukuvutha kwangaphambili, ukuze injini ayizukwenza idetonation kwaye inokufumana ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha.
I-Digital electronic ignition system (ESA) yahlulahlulwe yaba ziindidi ezimbini ngokwesakhiwo sayo: uhlobo lomthengisi kunye nohlobo olunganikezeliyo (DLI). Uhlobo losasazo lwe-electronic ignition system isebenzisa icoil enye kuphela yokuvutha ukuvelisa amandla ombane aphezulu, kwaye emva koko umthengisi uvutha i-spark plug ye-cylinder nganye ngokulandelelana ngokulandelelana kokuvutha. Ekubeni umsebenzi wokucima i-coil ephambili ye-coil yokucima i-coil eyenziwa yi-electronic ignition circuit, umthengisi ukhansele isixhobo sokuqhawula kwaye udlala kuphela umsebenzi wokusabalalisa i-voltage ephezulu.
Ukuvutha kwe-cylinder ezimbini
Ukuvutha kwe-cylinder ezimbini kuthetha ukuba iisilinda ezimbini zabelana ngekhoyili enye yokutshisa, ngoko olu hlobo lokutshisa lunokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiinjini ezinenani elilinganayo leesilinda. Ukuba kumatshini we-4-cylinder, xa iipiston ezimbini ze-cylinder zisondele kwi-TDC ngexesha elinye (enye i-compression kwaye enye iphelile), iiplagi ezimbini ze-spark zabelana nge-coil yomlilo efanayo kwaye zivutha ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko enye iyasebenza. ukutshisa kwaye enye ingasebenzi kakuhle, eyokuqala ikumxube woxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphantsi, le yokugqibela ikwigesi yokukhupha uxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukuchasana phakathi kwe-spark plug electrode ezimbini kwahluke ngokupheleleyo, kwaye amandla avelisiweyo awafani, okukhokelela kumandla amakhulu kakhulu okutshisa okusebenzayo, kubalwa malunga ne-80% yamandla ewonke.
Umlilo owahlukileyo
Indlela yokucima eyahlukileyo inika i-coil yokutshisa kwi-cylinder nganye, kwaye i-coil yokutshisa ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo phezu kweplagi ye-spark, ephinda ikhuphe ucingo oluphezulu. Le ndlela yokutshisa iphunyezwa yi-sensor ye-camshaft okanye ngokubeka iliso kwi-cylinder compression ukufezekisa ukutshisa ngokuchanekileyo, ifanelekile naliphi na inani leenjini ze-cylinder, ngokukodwa kwiinjini ezine-4 valves nge-cylinder. Ngenxa yokuba i-spark plug ignition coil indibaniselwano inokunyuswa kumbindi we-camshaft engaphezulu (DOHC), isithuba sesithuba sisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yokucinywa kwe-distributor kunye nomgca we-voltage ephezulu, ilahleko yokuqhuba amandla kunye nelahleko yokuvuza incinci, akukho kunxitywa koomatshini, kwaye i-coil yokutshisa kunye ne-spark plug yesilinda nganye idityaniswe kunye, kwaye iphakheji yentsimbi yangaphandle iyayinciphisa kakhulu. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, enokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo yokulawula i-injini yombane.
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