Isibane sentloko.
Izibane zemoto ngokubanzi zenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu: ibhalbhu yokukhanya, isibonisi-mbonakalo kunye nesipili esihambelanayo (isipili se-astigmatism).
1. ibhalbhu
Iibhalbhu ezisetyenziswa kwizibane zemoto ziibhalbhu ze-incandescent, iibhalbhu ze-halogen tungsten, izibane ezintsha ze-arc ezikhanyayo kakhulu, njalo njalo.
(1) Ibhalbhu ekhanyayo: i-filament yayo yenziwe ngocingo lwe-tungsten (i-tungsten inendawo yokunyibilika ephezulu kunye nokukhanya okuqinileyo). Ngexesha lokwenziwa, ukuze kwandiswe ubomi benkonzo yebhalbhu, ibhalbhu izaliswe yigesi engasebenziyo (i-nitrogen kunye nomxube wayo weegesi ezingasebenziyo). Oku kunokunciphisa ukufuma kwentambo ye-tungsten, kunyuse ubushushu be-filament, kwaye kunyuse ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya. Ukukhanya okuvela kwibhalbhu ekhanyayo kunombala otyheli.
(2) Isibane se-Tungsten halide: Ibhalbhu yokukhanya ye-tungsten halide ifakwa kwigesi engasebenziyo kwi-element ethile ye-halide (efana ne-iodine, i-chlorine, i-fluorine, i-bromine, njl.njl.), kusetyenziswa umgaqo we-tungsten halide recycling reaction, oko kukuthi, i-tungsten gaseous ephuma kwi-filament isabela ne-halogen ukuvelisa i-tungsten halide eguquguqukayo, esasazeka kwindawo enobushushu obuphezulu kufutshane ne-filament, kwaye iboliswe bubushushu, ukuze i-tungsten ibuyiselwe kwi-filament. I-halogen ekhutshiweyo iyaqhubeka nokusasaza kwaye ithatha inxaxheba kwi-reaction yomjikelo olandelayo, ngoko ke umjikelo uyaqhubeka, ngaloo ndlela uthintela ukufuma kwe-tungsten kunye nokuba mnyama kwebhalbhu. Ubungakanani bebhalbhu yokukhanya ye-Tungsten halogen buncinci, iqokobhe lebhalbhu lenziwe ngeglasi ye-quartz enokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye namandla aphezulu oomatshini, phantsi kwamandla afanayo, ukukhanya kwesibane se-tungsten halogen kuphindwe kayi-1.5 kunokwesibane se-incandescent, kwaye ubomi bude kayi-2 ukuya kathathu.
(3) Isibane esitsha se-arc esikhanyayo kakhulu: Esi sibane asinayo i-filament yendabuko kwibhalbhu. Endaweni yoko, ii-electrode ezimbini zifakwa ngaphakathi kwityhubhu ye-quartz. Ityhubhu izaliswe yi-xenon kunye nee-trace metals (okanye ii-metal halides), kwaye xa kukho i-voltage eyaneleyo ye-arc kwi-electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), igesi iqala ukwenza i-ionize kwaye iqhube umbane. Iiathom zegesi zikwimeko yovuyo kwaye ziqala ukukhupha ukukhanya ngenxa yokutshintsha kwenqanaba lamandla ee-electron. Emva kwe-0.1s, inani elincinci lomphunga we-mercury liyaphuma phakathi kwee-electrodes, kwaye umbane udluliselwa ngoko nangoko kwi-mercury vapor arc discharge, uze udluliselwe kwisibane se-halide arc emva kokuba ubushushu bunyukile. Emva kokuba ukukhanya kufike kubushushu obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza kwebhalbhu, amandla okugcina i-arc discharge aphantsi kakhulu (malunga ne-35w), ngoko ke i-40% yamandla ombane inokulondolozwa.
2. isibonisi
Indima yesibonisi kukwandisa i-polymerization yokukhanya okukhutshwa yibhalbhu ukuya kumqadi onamandla ukwandisa umgama wokukhanya.
Imo yomphezulu wesibuko yiparaboloid ejikelezayo, ngokubanzi yenziwe nge-0.6 ~ 0.8mm sheet yentsimbi ebhityileyo eqingqiweyo okanye eyenziwe ngeplastiki yeglasi. Umphezulu ongaphakathi ugqunywe ngesilivere, i-aluminium okanye i-chrome uze upholishwe; I-filament ikwindawo ephambili yesibuko, kwaye uninzi lwemitha yaso yokukhanya iyabonakaliswa kwaye idutyulwe kude njengeemitha ezilinganayo. Ibhalbhu yokukhanya engenasibuko inokukhanyisa umgama omalunga ne-6m kuphela, kwaye umqadi ohambelanayo oboniswa sisibuko unokukhanyisa umgama ongaphezu kwe-100m. Emva kwesibuko, kukho inani elincinci lokukhanya okusasazekileyo, apho phezulu akusebenzi kwaphela, kwaye ukukhanya okusecaleni nasezantsi kunceda ukukhanyisa umphezulu wendlela kunye nomda ophakathi kwe-5 ukuya kwi-10m.
3. ilensi
I-Pantoscope, ekwaziwa ngokuba yiglasi ye-astigmatic, yindibaniselwano yeeprism kunye neelensi ezikhethekileyo, kwaye imilo ngokubanzi ijikelezile kwaye ixande. Umsebenzi wesibuko esihambelanayo kukubuyisela umda ohambelanayo oboniswa sisibuko, ukuze indlela ephambi kwemoto ibe nokukhanya okuhle nokulinganayo.
hlela
Inkqubo ye-headlamp optical yindibaniselwano yebhalbhu yokukhanya, i-reflector kunye nesipili esihambelanayo. Ngokwesakhiwo esahlukileyo senkqubo ye-headlamp optical, i-headlamp inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu: i-semi-closed, i-closed kunye ne-projective.
1. Isibane sentloko esivalekileyo kancinci
Isibuko sesibane sentloko esivaliweyo nesipili zinamathelana kunye azinakuhlulwa, ibhalbhu yesibane inokulayishwa ukusuka ngasemva kwesibuko, inzuzo yesibane sentloko esivaliweyo kukuba intambo etshisiweyo ifuna kuphela ukutshintsha ibhalbhu, ingxaki kukutywinwa okungekho semgangathweni. Isibane sentloko esidibeneyo sidibanisa isignali yokujika yangaphambili, isibane sobubanzi bangaphambili, isibane esiphezulu kunye nokukhanya okuphantsi kube yinto epheleleyo, ngelixa isibonisi kunye ne-pantoscope zenziwe zibe yinto epheleleyo kusetyenziswa izinto eziphilayo, kwaye ibhalbhu inokulayishwa ngokulula ngasemva. Ngezibane zentloko ezidibeneyo, abavelisi beemoto banokuvelisa naluphi na uhlobo lweelensi ezifanayo zesibane sentloko xa kuyimfuneko ukuze kuphuculwe iimpawu ze-aerodynamic zesithuthi, ukonga ipetroli kunye noyilo lwesithuthi.
2. Izibane zentloko ezivalekileyo
Izibane zentloko ezivalekileyo zahlulwe zibe zizibane zentloko ezivalekileyo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezibane zentloko ezivalekileyo ze-halogen.
Inkqubo yokukhanya yesibane sentloko esivalekileyo esiqhelekileyo kukudibanisa nokushisela isibonisi kunye nesipili esihambelanayo zibe yimbumba yonke ukuze kwenziwe indlu yebhalbhu, kwaye ifilament idityaniswe kwisiseko sesibonisi. Umphezulu wesibonisi ukhanyiswa yi-vacuum, kwaye isibane sizaliswe yigesi engangeniyo kunye ne-halogen. Iingenelo zesi sakhiwo kukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina, isipili asiyi kungcoliswa ngumoya, ukusebenza kakuhle kokubonakalisa, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba ifilament itshisiwe, lonke iqela lokukhanyisa kufuneka litshintshwe, kwaye iindleko ziphezulu.
3. Isibane sentloko esibonakalayo
Inkqubo yokukhanya yesibane sentloko esibonakalayo yenziwe ikakhulu ngebhalbhu yokukhanya, i-reflector, isibuko esinombala kunye nesibuko esihambelanayo esijikelezayo. Sebenzisa isibuko esijikelezileyo esingakrolwanga, isibuko simile okweqanda. Ngoko ke ububanzi baso bangaphandle buncinci kakhulu. Izibane zentloko ezijikelezayo zineendawo ezimbini ezijolisa, ingqwalasela yokuqala yibhalbhu kwaye ingqwalasela yesibini yenziwe ekukhanyeni. Gxininisa ukukhanya ngesibuko esijikelezileyo uze usilahle kude. Inzuzo yayo kukuba ukusebenza kwengqwalasela kulungile, kwaye indlela yayo yengqikelelo yemitha yile:
(1) Ukukhanya okuphuma kwinxalenye ephezulu yebhalbhu kudlula kwi-reflector ukuya kwi-focus yesibini, kwaye kugxilwe kumgama odlula kwisibuko esihambelanayo esijijekileyo.
(2) Kwangaxeshanye, ukukhanya okuphuma kwinxalenye esezantsi yebhalbhu kubonakaliswa sisibuko esigqumayo, sibuyiselwe kwisibonisi-mbonakalo size siphoswe kwingqwalasela yesibini, size sigxile kumgama odlula kwisibuko esihambelanayo esijijekileyo.
Ekusetyenzisweni kweemoto, iimfuno zezibane zemoto zezi: zombini ukuba zibe nokukhanya okuhle, kodwa kwanokuphepha ukumfamekisa umqhubi wemoto ezayo, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwezibane zemoto kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo kula manqaku alandelayo:
(1) Gcina i-pantoscope yezibane zentloko icocekile, ingakumbi xa uqhuba xa imvula nekhephu, ukungcola kunye nokungcola kuya kunciphisa ukusebenza kokukhanya kwesibane sentloko ngama-50%. Ezinye iimodeli zixhotyiswe ngee-wipers zezibane zentloko kunye nezitshizi zamanzi.
(2) Xa iimoto ezimbini zidibana ebusuku, iimoto ezimbini mazicime umqadi ophezulu wesibane sentloko zize zitshintshele kwisibane esikufutshane ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuqhuba.
(3) Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesibane sentloko, umqadi wesibane sentloko kufuneka uhlolwe kwaye ulungiswe emva kokuba isibane sentloko sitshintshiwe okanye emva kokuba imoto iqhutywe iikhilomitha ezili-10,000.
(4) Jonga rhoqo ibhalbhu yesibane kunye nesokethi yomgca kunye nentsimbi esisiseko ukuze ubone ukuba i-oxidation kunye ne-loosing iyakhululeka, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwe-connector contact kulungile kwaye i-base iron ithembekile. Ukuba i-contact ikhululekile, xa isibane sentloko sivuliwe, siya kuvelisa i-current shock ngenxa yokucima kwesekethe, ngaloo ndlela sitshise i-filament, kwaye ukuba i-contact i-oxidation, iya kunciphisa ukukhanya kwesibane ngenxa yokwanda kokuhla koxinzelelo lwe-contact.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izimisele ukuthengisa iinxalenye zeemoto ze-MG&MAUXS kwaye wamkelekile ukuzithenga.
