Indawo yokusebenza kunye nomgaqo wefeni yokupholisa imoto
1. Xa i-sensor yobushushu betanki (enyanisweni i-valve yokulawula ubushushu, kungekhona i-sensor yobushushu be-gauge yamanzi) ifumanisa ukuba ubushushu betanki budlula umda (ubukhulu becala ngama-95 degrees), i-fan relay iyabandakanyeka;
2. Isekethe yefeni iqhagamshelwe nge-fan relay, kwaye i-fan motor iyaqala.
3. Xa inzwa yobushushu betanki yamanzi ibona ukuba ubushushu betanki yamanzi buphantsi kunomda, i-fan relay iyahlulwa kwaye i-fan motor iyayeka ukusebenza.
Into enxulumene nokusebenza kwefeni bubushushu betanki, kwaye ubushushu betanki abunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nobushushu bamanzi enjini.
Indawo yokusebenza kunye nomgaqo wefeni yokupholisa iimoto: inkqubo yokupholisa iimoto ibandakanya iintlobo ezimbini.
Ukupholisa ulwelo kunye nokupholisa umoya. Inkqubo yokupholisa yesithuthi esipholileyo ngolwelo ijikeleza ulwelo ngemibhobho kunye nemijelo enjinini. Xa ulwelo luhamba ngenjini eshushu, lufunxa ubushushu luze lupholise injini. Emva kokuba ulwelo ludlule enjinini, ludluliselwa kwi-heat exchanger (okanye i-radiator), apho ubushushu obuvela kulwelo busasazeka khona emoyeni. Ukupholisa umoya Ezinye iimoto zakuqala zazisebenzisa iteknoloji yokupholisa umoya, kodwa iimoto zanamhlanje azisebenzisi le ndlela kangako. Endaweni yokujikeleza ulwelo ngenjini, le ndlela yokupholisa isebenzisa amaphepha e-aluminium anamathele kumphezulu weesilinda zenjini ukuze zipholise. Iifeni ezinamandla zivuthela umoya kwiishiti ze-aluminium, zichitha ubushushu emoyeni ongenanto, nto leyo epholisa injini. Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweemoto zisebenzisa ukupholisa ulwelo, iimoto ze-ductwork zinemibhobho emininzi kwinkqubo yazo yokupholisa.
Emva kokuba ipompo ihambise ulwelo kwibhloko yenjini, ulwelo luqala ukuhamba ngemijelo yenjini ejikeleze isilinda. Ulwelo lubuyela kwi-thermostat ngentloko yesilinda yenjini, apho luphuma khona enjinini. Ukuba i-thermostat icinyiwe, ulwelo luya kuhamba ngqo lubuyele kwipompo ngemibhobho ejikeleze i-thermostat. Ukuba i-thermostat ivuliwe, ulwelo luya kuqala ukuhamba lungene kwi-radiator luze lubuyele kwipompo.
Inkqubo yokufudumeza ikwanomjikelo owahlukileyo. Umjikelo uqala entloko yesilinda kwaye wondla ulwelo ngokusebenzisa i-heater bellows ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele kwimpompo. Kwiimoto ezine-automatic transmissions, kudla ngokubakho inkqubo eyahlukileyo yomjikelo wokupholisa i-transmission oil eyakhelwe kwi-radiator. I-transmission oil ipompelwa yi-transmission ngenye i-heat exchanger kwi-radiator. Ulwelo lunokusebenza kumanqanaba obushushu ahlukeneyo ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-zero degrees Celsius ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-38 degrees Celsius.
Ngoko ke, naluphi na ulwelo olusetyenziswa ukupholisa injini kufuneka lube nendawo yokuqandisa ephantsi kakhulu, indawo yokubila ephezulu kakhulu, kwaye lukwazi ukufunxa uluhlu olubanzi lobushushu. Amanzi yenye yezona zinto zisebenzayo ukufunxa ubushushu, kodwa indawo yokuqandisa amanzi iphezulu kakhulu ukuba ingahlangabezana neemeko ezifanelekileyo zeenjini zeemoto. Ulwelo olusetyenziswa kakhulu ziimoto ngumxube wamanzi kunye ne-ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-coolant. Ngokufaka i-ethylene glycol emanzini, indawo yokubila inokwandiswa kakhulu kwaye indawo yokuqandisa yehliswe.
Ngalo lonke ixesha injini isebenza, ipompo ijikeleza ulwelo. Njengeempompo ze-centrifugal ezisetyenziswa ezimotweni, njengoko ipompo ijikeleza, ipompa ulwelo ngaphandle ngamandla e-centrifugal kwaye ilufunxa rhoqo phakathi. Ukungena kwepompo kukufutshane nombindi ukuze ulwelo olubuya kwi-radiator lukwazi ukuqhagamshelana neeblade zepompo. Iiblade zepompo zithwala ulwelo ziye ngaphandle kwepompo, apho lungena khona enjinini. Ulwelo oluvela kwipompo luqala ukuhamba ngebhloko yenjini kunye nentloko, emva koko lungene kwi-radiator, kwaye ekugqibeleni lubuyele kwipompo. Ibhloko yesilinda yenjini kunye nentloko ineetshaneli ezininzi ezenziwe nge-casting okanye imveliso yoomatshini ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kolwelo.
Ukuba ulwelo olukule mibhobho luhamba kakuhle, lulwelo oludibana nombhobho kuphela oluya kupholiswa ngqo. Ubushushu obudluliselwa ukusuka kulwelo oluhamba ngombhobho ukuya kumbhobho buxhomekeke kumahluko obushushu phakathi kombhobho nolwelo oluchukumisa umbhobho. Ke ngoko, ukuba ulwelo oludibana nombhobho lupholiswa ngokukhawuleza, ubushushu obudluliselwayo buya kuba buncinci kakhulu. Lonke ulwelo olukumbhobho lungasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ngokudala ukuxinana kombhobho, ukuxuba lonke ulwelo, kunye nokugcina ulwelo ludibana nombhobho kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu ukuze kufunxwe ubushushu obuninzi.
Isibandisi sokudlulisa umoya sifana kakhulu neradiyetha ekwiradiyetha, ngaphandle kokuba ioyile ayitshintshi ubushushu nomzimba womoya, kodwa itshintshiselana ne-antifreeze ekwiradiyetha. Isiciko setanki yoxinzelelo Isiciko setanki yoxinzelelo sinokunyusa iqondo lokubila le-antifreeze ngama-25℃.
Umsebenzi ophambili we-thermostat kukufudumeza injini ngokukhawuleza nokugcina ubushushu obungaguqukiyo. Oku kufezekiswa ngokulungelelanisa ubungakanani bamanzi ahamba nge-radiator. Kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi, indawo yokukhupha i-radiator iya kuvalwa ngokupheleleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba yonke i-antifreeze iya kujikeleza nge-injini. Nje ukuba ubushushu be-antifreeze bunyuke bufikelela kwi-82-91 C, i-thermostat iya kuvulwa, nto leyo eya kuvumela ulwelo ukuba luhambe nge-radiator. Xa ubushushu be-antifreeze bufikelela kwi-93-103 ℃, isilawuli sobushushu siya kuhlala sivuliwe.
Ifeni yokupholisa ifana ne-thermostat, ngoko ke kufuneka ilungiswe ukuze injini ihlale ikwiqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo. Iimoto eziqhuba amavili angaphambili zinefeni zombane kuba injini idla ngokufakelwa ngokuthe tye, oko kuthetha ukuba amandla okukhupha injini ajonge ecaleni kwemoto.
Ifeni ingalungiswa ngeswitshi ye-thermostatic okanye ikhompyutha yenjini. Xa ubushushu bunyuka ngaphezu kwendawo ebekiweyo, ezi fan ziya kuvulwa. Xa ubushushu buhla ngaphantsi kwexabiso elibekiweyo, ezi fan ziya kucinywa. Ifeni yokupholisa Izithuthi eziqhuba amavili angasemva ezineenjini ezinde zihlala zixhotyiswe ngeefeni zokupholisa eziqhutywa yinjini. Ezi fan zine-thermostatic viscous clutches. I-clutch ikwimbindi yefeni, ijikelezwe ngumoya ovela kwi-radiator. Le clutch ithile ene-viscous ngamanye amaxesha ifana ne-viscous coupler yemoto eqhuba amavili onke. Xa imoto ishushu kakhulu, vula zonke iifestile kwaye usebenzise i-heater xa ifeni isebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yokufudumeza ngokwenene yinkqubo yokupholisa yesibini, enokubonakalisa imeko yenkqubo yokupholisa ephambili emotweni.
Inkqubo yeHeater IiHeater bellows ezikwideshibhodi yemoto zi-radiator encinci. Ifeni yeHeater ithumela umoya ongenanto ngeeHeater bellows nakwigumbi labakhweli emotweni. IiHeater bellows zifana nee-radiator ezincinci. IiHeater bellows zifunxa i-thermal antifreeze evela kwi-cylinder head zize ziyibuyisele kwi-pump ukuze iHeater isebenze xa i-thermostat ivuliwe okanye icinyiwe.
