Iplagi yeSpark yeMoto: Umkhuseli oPhambili kunye nesilumkiso seMpazamo yeNtliziyo yamandla eNjini
Kwinkqubo yokusebenza echanekileyo yenjini yemoto, nangona iplagi yespark incinci ngobukhulu, ingathathwa njenge "key switch" yokukhupha umbane. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuguqula umbane we-high-voltage odluliselwa yi-ignition coil ube yi-electric spark, ukutshisa ngokuchanekileyo umxube ovuthayo kwisilinda, ukuqhuba i-piston ukuba yenze umsebenzi, kunye nokubonelela ngamandla aqhubekayo kwinjini. Le nkqubo ifana "nentlantsi evuthela umlilo wasendle", kwaye ngexesha lomjikelo ngamnye wokusebenza kwenjini, iplagi yespark kufuneka igqibezele ukuvuthela rhoqo kangangamawaka aliqela ngomzuzu. Nje ukuba ingasebenzi, injini iya kungasebenzi.
Ukongeza kumsebenzi wayo oyintloko wokutsha, iplagi yespark ikwasebenza imisebenzi emininzi yokuncedisa. Ivala ngokuqinileyo umngxuma weplagi yespark ukuze igcine uzinzo loxinzelelo kwisilinda, ithintele ukuvuza kwegesi enobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, kwaye iqinisekise ukusebenza kakuhle kwenjini. Kwangaxeshanye, ngokulungelelanisa ixesha lokutsha kunye nobukhali bespark, iplagi yespark inokuqhelana neemeko ezahlukeneyo zenjini: ukuphucula ukonga amafutha ngesantya esiphantsi, ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamandla okunamandla ngesantya esiphezulu, njenge "commander of combustion" echanekileyo. I-insulator yayo ye-ceramic ikwanayo nemisebenzi yokupholisa kunye nokufakelwa, engenakukwazi kuphela ukucima ubushushu be-electrode ukuze yandise ubomi kodwa ithintele nobushushu obuphezulu kwigumbi lokutsha, idale iimeko zokusebenza okuzinzileyo. Ngaphezu koko, kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba imeko yeplagi yespark inokubonakalisa ngqo impilo yenjini. Izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne-carbon deposits kunye nokukhukuliseka zihlala zibonisa iimpazamo kwinkqubo yokufaka amafutha okanye ukutsha okunganelanga, kwaye zinokuthathwa njenge "isalathisi sempilo" senjini.
Nangona kunjalo, iplagi yespark ikwayenye yezona zinto ziguga lula kwinjini. Ukusebenza phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu ixesha elide, akunakuphepheka ukudibana neempazamo ezahlukeneyo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo kukuguguleka kwe-electrode. Njengoko imileage isanda, umsantsa we-electrode uya kwanda kancinci kancinci ukusuka kwi-0.8-1.1 millimeters yokuqala, okubangela amandla okutsha abuthathaka kunye nokutsha okungonelanga komxube, okunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli, kunye nezinye iingxaki. Xa umsantsa udlula kwi-2 millimeters, usenokungavuthi ngokupheleleyo, okubangela ukunqongophala kwesilinda yenjini, okubonakala njengokushukuma okukhulu ngesantya esingenzi nto, ukushukuma kokukhawulezisa, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima, kuhamba nee-alamu zokukhanya kwempazamo.
Iidipozithi zekhabhoni lolunye "utshaba" olukhulu lweplagi yentlantsi. Ukungcola okuveliswa kukutsha okungaphelelanga kwepetroli kunamathela kumphezulu weplagi yentlantsi, kwandisa ukumelana kwe-electrode, kunciphisa amandla entlantsi, kubangele ubunzima ekuqaliseni okubandayo, isantya esingazinzanga sokungaqhubi kakuhle. Ukuba iidipozithi zekhabhoni zinzima, zinokubangela nokuvuza kweplagi yentlantsi, kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha. Ukongeza, umonakalo wobushushu, ukungalingani kwixabiso leekhalori, kunye nokufakelwa okungafanelekanga nako kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kweplagi yentlantsi: imifantu kwi-insulator iya kubangela ukuvuza kwentlantsi, ixabiso leekhalori eligqithisileyo okanye elaneleyo ngokulandelelana liya kubangela ukutsha ngaphambi kokutsha okanye ukulibaziseka kokutsha, kwaye i-torque yokufakelwa engafanelekanga inokubangela ukuvuza kwesilinda, okwandisa ngakumbi ukulahleka kwamandla.
Akunzima ukuyibona into yokuba iiplagi zespark ziyasilela. Abanini banokufumana izilumkiso kwangethuba ngenxa yeempawu ezingaqhelekanga zesithuthi. Ubunzima bokuqala, ingakumbi ukuqala okungaphumeleli kwiindawo ezibandayo, budla ngokuba luphawu lokungabikho kwe-electrode okanye iidiphozithi zekhabhoni ezigqithisileyo; impendulo ecothayo ekukhawuleziseni, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okwandisiweyo nge-10%-15%, kunokubonisa amandla okutsha angonelanga okanye ukusebenza kakuhle komlilo okuncitshisiweyo; ngelixa ukungcangcazela rhoqo ngesantya esingenzi nto kunye nokuxhuzula ngexesha lokuqhuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba ziimpawu zokungaphumeleli kokutsha kwesilinda enye okanye ezininzi. Nje ukuba ezi mpawu zifunyenwe, kuyimfuneko ukujonga imeko yeplagi yespark kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uyitshintshe ngemodeli efanelekileyo.
Ukuze kwandiswe ubomi beplagi yespark, abanini kufuneka balandele umjikelo wokutshintshwa ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zezinto: iiplagi zespark eziqhelekileyo ze-nickel alloy ziyacetyiswa ukuba zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezingama-2-3 amawaka, iiplagi zespark zeplatinum zinokwandiswa ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezingama-4-6 amawaka, kwaye iiplagi zespark ze-iridium zinokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiikhilomitha ezingama-8-10 amawaka. Ekuqhubeni imihla ngemihla, kuphephe ukuqhuba ngesantya esiphantsi ixesha elide, sebenzisa amafutha aphantsi, ucoce rhoqo iidipozithi zekhabhoni yenjini, kwaye uqaphele ukusebenzisa isikrufu se-torque sobuchwephesha ngexesha lokufakelwa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina. Kuphela ngokubonelela ukubaluleka kulondolozo kunye nokutshintshwa kweplagi yespark apho injini ingasoloko isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ibonelele ngamandla azinzileyo nanamandla kwisithuthi.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
