Yintoni umsebenzi wengalo esezantsi yokulawula imoto?
Igama elithi "ingalo yokulawula imoto esezantsi" alilogama eliqhelekileyo kwicandelo leemoto. Lidla ngokubhekisa kwizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzayo, kwaye imisebenzi yazo ethile ixhomekeke kwindawo yazo kunye noyilo lwazo.
Ibha yokuzinzisa ecaleni (ibha yokuzinzisa ecaleni): Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokusebenzisa "ingalo yokulawula esezantsi", eyaziwa ngokuba yibha yokuzinzisa okanye i-anti-roll bar. Yintonga yesinyithi enomfanekiso ka-U ebekwe ngokuthe tye kwi-suspension yesithuthi, idibanisa iinkqubo zokuzinzisa kwicala lasekhohlo nelasekunene. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukumelana nokuqengqeleka ecaleni komzimba wesithuthi ngexesha, ngokusebenzisa i-torsion yaso, ngaloo ndlela igcina ibhalansi yesithuthi kwaye iphucula uzinzo kunye nokhuseleko lokuqhuba.
Iroli yokucinezela: Xa imoto ijika, amandla e-centrifugal abangela ukuba umzimba wesithuthi uthambekele ngaphandle. Ngeli xesha, ukumiswa kwangaphandle kuyacinezelwa, ukumiswa kwangaphakathi kuyatsalwa, kwaye iziphelo zebha yokuzinzisa ziya kushukuma, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umzimba webha ujijeke. Ukuqina komzimba webha kuya kusebenzisa amandla achaseneyo, nto leyo ethintela ngokufanelekileyo ukujikeleza okugqithisileyo komzimba wesithuthi.
Ukuphucula ukuphathwa kunye nokugudama: Ngokunciphisa ukuqengqeleka, i-stabilizer bar inceda amavili ukuba agcine unxibelelwano oluhle nomhlaba, iphucula ukusebenza kwemoto ekujikeni kunye nolawulo lokuqhuba, kwaye ihluza ezinye iintshukumo zendlela, iphucula intuthuzelo yabakhweli.
Iimpawu zokulawula ezichaphazelayo: Ukuqina kwebha yokuzinzisa (edla ngokumiselwa bububanzi bayo) kuchaphazela iimpawu zokulawula zesithuthi. Ibha yokuzinzisa enamandla kakhulu iya kwandisa umthwalo kwivili langaphandle, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba i-understeering (isithuthi sithambekele ekuhambeni ngokuthe tye) okanye i-oversteering (icala elingasemva lithambekele ekuphambukeni).
Iintonga zokulawula ezixhonyiweyo (kubandakanya iingalo zolawulo ezisezantsi, iintonga ezinde, njl.njl.): Ngamanye amaxesha "ingalo yokulawula esezantsi" isenokubhekisa kwiintonga zokulawula kwinkqubo yokumiswa engaphantsi kwamavili, idibanisa amavili nomzimba wesithuthi, njengengalo yokulawula esezantsi okanye intonga ende ye-axle engasemva. Umsebenzi ophambili wezi zinto kukudlulisa amandla kunye nee-torque, ukulawula indlela yokuhamba kwevili, kunye nokugcina iiparameter zokulungelelanisa ivili.
Ulawulo lokuhamba kwevili: Zithintela amavili ukuba ahambe kuphela ngendlela eyilelweyo (njengokunyuka nokuhla), zithintela ukuphambuka okungeyomfuneko kwamavili.
Ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lwamavili: Ezi ntonga zisisiseko sokugcina ukuchaneka kweeparamitha zolungelelwaniso oluphambili lwamavili, njenge-camber angle kunye ne-caster angle. Ukuba ziyaguquguquka okanye ziyaguga, kuya kubangela ukuguguleka kwamatayara okungaqhelekanga, ukuhamba kwemoto ngaphandle kombindi, kunye nezinye iingxaki.
Uqhagamshelo kunye nenkxaso: Zidibanisa ngokuqinileyo indibano yamavili nomzimba wesithuthi okanye kwisakhelo esingaphantsi, zithwala kwaye zidlulisa iimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo ezivela endleleni kunye namandla okuqhuba esithuthi kunye namandla okuqhobosha.
Ngamafutshane, xa kubhekiselwa kwi "ingalo yokulawula esezantsi yemoto", kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuthetha i-lateral stabilizer bar (i-anti-roll bar), enomsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukucinezela ukuqengqeleka ngexesha lokujika kwemoto, ukuphucula uzinzo kunye nokuphathwa kwayo. Ingabhekisa nakwizintonga zokulawula ezisezantsi kwinkqubo yokumiswa ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula indlela amavili ahamba ngayo kunye nokugcina iiparameter zokulungelelanisa.
Ukonakala kweentonga zokulawula imoto kunokuchaphazela kakhulu indlela yokuphatha imoto, uzinzo, kunye nokhuseleko lokuqhuba, kuquka:
Iimpembelelo eziphambili
Ukusebenza okuncitshisiweyo kokuphatha: Ulawulo olungenakuguquguquka, ivili lokuqhuba elinzima, kunye nokuphambuka okuzenzekelayo kwesithuthi (okufuna amandla okugcina ivili lokuqhuba lithe nkqo).
Ukunciphisa uzinzo lokuqhuba: Iingxolo ezingaqhelekanga (izandi ezigosogoso) kwiindlela ezinamaqhuqhuva, ukushukuma ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene okanye ukudada komzimba wesithuthi, kunye nokulahlekelwa lula kolawulo ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ukuwohloka kwamatayara okungaqhelekanga: Ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwamatayara, amatayara angonwabi ngokulinganayo, nto leyo enokubangela ukushukuma okanye ukuqhekeka kwamatayara.
Umngcipheko wokubhuleka owandayo: Ukuphambuka okanye ukungaphumeleli kweebhuleki, umgama omde wokubhuleka.
Iingozi zokhuseleko: Ukungakhululeki okanye ukungakwazi ukulawula indlela ibhola edibeneyo kunokubangela ukujijeka kwevili, ukulahlekelwa lulawulo lwendlela, kwaye kwiimeko ezigqithisileyo, ukuqengqeleka.
Izizathu zokulungiswa kwangoko
Ezi ngxaki ziya kuyenza mandundu imeko yokonakala koomatshini (njengokusilela kwenkqubo yokumiswa) kwaye zisongele ukhuseleko lokuqhuba. Izinto ezingaqhelekanga kufuneka zilungiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Ukusilela kwentonga yokulawula iimoto kudla ngokubhekisa ekugugeni, ukuyekelela, okanye umonakalo kwintonga yokulawula yokulawula (kubandakanya iintonga zokulawula kunye neentonga zokulawula ezithe tye), ezichaphazela ngqo ukuphathwa kwesithuthi kunye nokhuseleko lokuqhuba. Ngokweenkcukacha zamva nje zolondolozo, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye nezisombululo ezifanelekileyo zezi zilandelayo:
Iimpawu eziphambili zempazamo
Ingxolo engaqhelekanga ye-chassis: Xa ujika ngesantya esiphantsi okanye uqhuba kwiindlela ezinamaqhuma, i-chassis iya kukhupha isandi esicacileyo "sokuklikha" okanye "sokuklikha" sokubetheka kwesinyithi. Olu luphawu lokuqala lokulahleka kwegrisi yokuthambisa ngaphakathi kwejoyinti yebhola kunye nokungqubana okukhululekileyo phakathi kwephini yebhola kunye nesihlalo sebhola.
Ukujika kwesithuthi: Xa ivili lokuqhuba liphakathi, isithuthi siya kujika siye kwelinye icala ngokuzenzekelayo, ngakumbi xa sibonakala ngakumbi kwiindlela ezithe tye. Oku kujika kwahlukile kuxinzelelo lwamatayara olungalinganiyo kwaye kudla ngokuhamba nokungakwazi kwevili lokuqhuba ukubuyela ngokuzenzekelayo embindini okanye amandla okubuyela abuthathaka.
Ulawulo olungaqhelekanga lokuqhuba: Xa ujika ivili lokuqhuba, livakala licotha kwaye linzima, okanye kukho ukwanda "kokucotha" - oko kukuthi, amavili aqala ukuphendula emva kokuba ivili lokuqhuba lijike i-engile ethile. Ngesantya esiphezulu, kunokubakho ukushukuma kwevili lokuqhuba, okungahambelaniyo nokulinganisela kwamandla evili.
Ukushukuma kwevili elingaphambili kunye "nokunamathela" kwevili lokuqhuba: Xa imoto ihamba ngesantya esingama-60-80 km/h, amavili angaphambili anokubonisa ukushukuma okungacwangciswanga. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kunokubangela ukushukuma okunamandla kwevili lokuqhuba kunye "nokunamathela". Olu luphawu oluyingozi lokuba i-ball joint igugile kwimeko emandundu. Ukuba uqhubeka uqhuba, kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kwe-steering tie rod kunye ne-ball joint, okubangela ingozi enkulu.
Ukuguguleka kwamatayara ngendlela engaqhelekanga: Ukonakala kwentonga yetayi yokuqhuba kuya kubangela amandla angalinganiyo amatayara, okubangela ukuguguleka okungaqhelekanga kwetayara ngendlela yeentsiba okanye iipateni zesawtooth kwelinye icala.
Ukuzihlola okulula kunye nokuphathwa ngobuchule
Ukuzijonga ngokulula: Paka imoto uze ubambe ibrake yesandla. Bamba phezulu nasezantsi kwamavili angaphambili ngezandla zombini uze uwashukumise phezulu nasezantsi. Ukuba ungaziva ukhululekile, ngokusisiseko kukubona umonakalo kwi-steering tie rod ball joint.
Ukulungiswa kobungcali: Yiya kwangoko kwivenkile yokulungisa eqhelekileyo kwaye usebenzise izixhobo zobungcali ukulinganisa indawo evulekileyo yelungu lebhola. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba indawo evulekileyo yelungu lebhola idlula i-0.5mm, kufuneka itshintshwe.
Iinkcukacha zokutshintshwa: Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezisemgangathweni zasefektri okanye ze-OE (izixhobo zokuqala). Emva kokutshintshwa, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ulungelelwaniso lwamavili amane ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso leenzwane zevili langaphambili libuyela kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo (ngesiqhelo yi-0-2mm). Isikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo
Intonga yokubopha ivili "yeyona ndawo iphambili yemithambo-luvo" echaphazela ngqo ukhuseleko lokuqhuba, kwaye umngcipheko wayo wokungaphumeleli uphezulu kakhulu. Musa ukulibazisa ukulungiswa kuba nje iimpawu zincinci. Ngexesha lokulungiswa kwemihla ngemihla, kufuneka ugxile ekujongeni isigqubuthelo sothuli selungu lebhola. Ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba lonakele, kufuneka itshintshwe zingadlulanga iiyure ezingama-48 ukuthintela isanti kunye nenkunkuma ukuba ingangeni kwaye ikhawulezise ukuguguleka kwangaphakathi.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
