Umsebenzi wezibane zemoto
Izibane zemoto zezona zixhobo ziphambili zokukhanyisa ezifakelwe kumacala omabini engaphambili lemoto. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukubonelela ngokukhanya okukhuselekileyo nokucacileyo endleleni ebusuku okanye kwiimeko ezingabonakali kakuhle.
Ukubonelela ngokukhanya kwendlela: Kwiimeko ezimnyama okanye ezikhanyisiweyo kancinci, izibane zemoto zingakhanyisa indlela engaphambili, zincede abaqhubi ukuba babone ngokucacileyo imiqobo ngaphakathi kweemitha ezili-100 kwaye baqinisekise ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuqhuba: Ngokutshintsha phakathi kwezibane zemoto ezikufutshane nezikude, zinokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zendlela. Izibane zemoto ezikufutshane zinomgama wokukhanya omalunga neemitha ezingama-50, ziphepha ukukhanya kwezithuthi eziza ngaphambili; izibane zemoto ezikude zisebenzisa umqadi ohambelanayo, onomgama wokukhanya osebenzayo ongaphezu kweemitha ezili-150, ofanelekileyo kwiindawo ezivulekileyo zendlela ezingenazibane zesitalato.
Ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezintsonkothileyo: Izibane zezibane zanamhlanje zihlala zinemisebenzi yokuziva ngokuzenzekelayo, enokuvula nokucima ngokuzenzekelayo ngokwesibane esingqongileyo. Xa kunetha okanye kukho inkungu, izibane zenkungu kufuneka zisetyenziswe kunye ukuphucula ukubonakala.
Ukusebenzisana okukrelekrele kunye noncedo: Ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obufana ne-Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB), i-Digital Matrix LED, kunye ne-DLP projection zivumela izibane zelanga ukuba zilungise umqadi ngendlela eguquguqukayo, iimpawu zomhlaba zeprojekthi, okanye zifezekise ukusebenzisana kolwimi olukhanyayo, ziguqukela ekubeni kukukhanya okulula ukuya kwinkqubo ekrelekrele edibanisa uncedo lokhuseleko kunye nokuqatshelwa kophawu.
Ulwakhiwo lwezibane zezibane luquka ikakhulu ii-reflectors, izibuko zokusasaza ukukhanya, kunye nezixhobo zomthombo wokukhanya (i-halogen, i-LED, okanye i-laser), kwaye uyilo lwazo kufuneka luqwalasele ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya, ukuchithwa kobushushu, kunye nokuqina.
Umgaqo osebenzayo wee-headlights zemoto usekelwe kakhulu kuyilo lwe-optical. Ngokusebenza okudibeneyo kwebhalbhu, ii-reflectors, kunye nezipili zokusasaza ukukhanya (okanye iilensi), ukukhanya okukhutshwa ngumthombo kuyabonakaliswa, kuyajikwa, kwaye kumile ukuze kufezekiswe ukukhanya kwendlela okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukubonelela ngomgama owaneleyo wokukhanya ngelixa kuthintelwa ukukhanya okukhanyayo kubaqhubi abazayo.
Izinto eziphambili kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza
Umthombo wokukhanya: Izibane zemoto zanamhlanje zisebenzisa iibhalbhu ze-halogen, izibane ze-xenon (HID), okanye ii-LED njengomthombo wokukhanya.
Iibhalbhu zeHalogen: Kwibhalbhu ye-incandescent, iigesi ezingasebenziyo kunye nezinto ze-halogen ziyazaliswa, kusetyenziswa umgaqo we-"halogen tungsten regeneration cycle" ukufaka i-tungsten ephefumulayo kwi-filament, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa ukukhanya kunye nobomi.
Izibane zeXenon (HID): Ngokusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu (5000–12000V) phakathi kwee-electrodes ezimbini kwityhubhu ye-quartz, igesi ye-xenon iyayilwa ukuze yenze i-electric arc discharge kwaye ikhuphe ukukhanya, ngokukhanya okuphezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi.
I-LED: Ukusebenzisa ii-diode ze-semiconductor ukukhupha ukukhanya, ineenzuzo ezifana nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, ubomi obude, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nobukhulu obuncinci, kwaye okwangoku yiteknoloji ephambili.
Inkqubo yokukhanya: Ngokuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo, yahlulwe ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezivaliweyo, ezivaliweyo, kunye neentlobo zeprojektha.
IiReflectors: Ezifumaneka ngasemva kwebhalbhu, ezidla ngokuba yiparabolic okanye i-elliptical, zibonisa ukukhanya okuphuma kwibhalbhu kwaye zidibanise zibe yimisebe ehambelanayo okanye iintlobo ezithile zokukhanya.
Izipili/iilensi zokusasaza ukukhanya: Zibekwe ngaphambili kwenkqubo ye-optical, ngokuqhelekileyo isakhiwo seelensi ezijijekileyo, sisebenzisa i-refraction kunye ne-convergence ukulawula ngakumbi ukusasaza, i-engile, kunye nokutshintsha kokukhanya okukufutshane/kude kwe-beam.
Inkqubo yelensi inokuyila ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokukhanya, ingafumani ukukhanya okukhanyayo ekukhanyeni okukude kwaye icace kufutshane nokukhanya.
Indlela yokutshintsha ukukhanya okukude nokukufutshane:
Indlela yesintu: Ngokusebenzisa iipleyiti zomthunzi zoomatshini okanye ukuhambisa ibhalbhu/izibonisi ukuze kutshintshe indlela yokukhanya. Intambo yezibane ezikufutshane ibekwe phambi kwengqwalasela yesibonisi, ukukhanya kujonge ezantsi, kwaye umgama wokukhanya umalunga neemitha ezingama-30–50, nto leyo ethintela ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo ngokufanelekileyo; intambo yezibane ezikude ibekwe ngqo kwingqwalasela yesibonisi, kunye nokukhanya okubonakalayo okwenza umqadi ohambelanayo, kwaye umgama wokukhanya unokufikelela kwiimitha ezingaphezu kwe-100.
Indlela yanamhlanje: Kwii-headlights zohlobo lwe-projection, ipleyiti yomthunzi (okanye ebizwa ngokuba yi-"cutting plate") ihamba phambi kwelensi ukuze ifikelele kwiswitshi. Xa ikufutshane nokukhanya, ipleyiti yomthunzi iyaphakama, ivale isiqingatha esiphezulu sokukhanya okukude, yenze umgca ocacileyo wokusika ukukhanya okumnyama; ukutshintshela ekukhanyeni okukude, ipleyiti yomthunzi iyawa, ivumela lonke ukukhanya ukuba kudlule.
Ubuchule kunye nemisebenzi ephambili Izibane zanamhlanje zigqithisile kakhulu umsebenzi wazo wokukhanyisa osisiseko kwaye ziye zaguquka zaba ziinkqubo ezikrelekrele:
Inkqubo yeZibane zeNtloko eziZilungelelanisayo (AFS): Ukudibanisa ulwazi olufana nesantya sesithuthi, i-engile yokuqhuba, kunye nendlela imoto eme ngayo, ilungisa ngokuzenzekelayo indlela umqadi ohamba ngayo ukuze kufumaneke ukukhanya kwiigophe.
I-Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB): Isebenzisa izinzwa ezifana neekhamera kunye neerada ukujonga izithuthi zangaphambili kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo ngexesha langempela, ilungisa ngokuguquguqukayo nangokuchanekileyo ukukhanya kwendawo nganye yomqadi nge-digital matrix LED (njengee-pixels ezingama-25,600 ezilawulwa ngokuzimeleyo ezixhotyiswe kwi-Audi Q3) okanye itekhnoloji ye-DLP, iqinisekisa ukukhanya kwayo ngelixa ivala ngokuzenzekelayo iindawo zezithuthi ezizayo okanye imoto yangaphambili, ifezekisa "ukungabikho komqadi ophezulu okhanyayo".
Ukupholisa Okusebenzayo: Xa iindibano zezibane ze-LED ezinamandla aphezulu kunye ne-DLP zisebenza, zivelisa ubushushu obuninzi obuxineneyo. Inkqubo yokupholisa ye-convection enyanzelisiweyo (enefeni yokupholisa yemoto njengesiseko) iba ngundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwayo kunye nobomi bayo.
Ngamafutshane, umgaqo osebenzayo wee-headlights zeemoto yinkqubo entsonkothileyo edibanisa i-optics, i-electronics, kunye nesayensi yezinto. Ukusuka kwindibaniselwano yendabuko ye-bulb-reflector-lens, iye yaguquka yaba yinkqubo echanekileyo yokunceda ukukhanya kunye nokhuseleko edibanisa ukuqonda okukrelekrele, ulawulo lwe-elektroniki, kunye nobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokupholisa.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
