Umsebenzi wemitha yokuhamba komoya yeemoto
Imitha yokuhamba komoya sisiva-luvo esibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki yenjini yemoto. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukulinganisa ukuhamba komoya okungena enjinini ngexesha langempela kwaye uguqule le datha ibe sisignali yombane ukuze uyithumele kwiyunithi yolawulo lwenjini (ECU), esebenza njengesiseko esisisiseko se-ECU sokubala umthamo wokufakwa kwepetroli kunye nokuphucula umlinganiselo womoya-fuel.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wemitha yokuhamba komoya
Lawula ngokuchanekileyo umthamo wokufakwa kwepetroli kwaye ugcine umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo we-air-fuel
Ukutsha kwenjini kufuna ukugcina umlinganiselo wethiyori womoya-fuel (malunga ne-14.7:1). Idatha yomthamo womoya ongenayo enikezelwa yimitha yokuhamba komoya sisiseko "esithe ngqo nesichanekileyo" se-ECU sokubala umthamo ofunekayo wokutsalwa kwamafutha. I-ECU ilawula ngokuchanekileyo ububanzi bokubetha kwe-fuel injection ngokusekelwe kolu lwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba amafutha nomoya zixutywe kumlinganiselo ofanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha. Ukuba idatha ayichanekanga, iya kubangela nokuba kumxube we-fuel ogqithisileyo (ukusetyenziswa kwe-fuel okwandisiweyo kunye nokwanda kwe-carbon deposits) okanye umxube we-fuel owaneleyo (ukwehla kwamandla kunye nokuthambekela ekumisweni).
Lungiselela amandla enjini kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroli
Ngexesha lokukhawulezisa nezinye iimeko zomthwalo onzima, imitha yokuhamba komoya ingasabela ngokukhawuleza ekwandeni ngequbuliso komthamo womoya ongenayo, ivumela i-ECU ukuba yonyuse ngoko nangoko umthamo wokujova ipetroli ukuze inike amandla aneleyo. Ngexesha lokuhamba okanye ukungasebenzi, iyanciphisa umthamo wokujova ipetroli ukuze inciphise ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Isantya sayo sokuphendula sichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amava okuqhuba. Umzekelo, ixesha lokuphendula lemitha yokuhamba kohlobo lwefilimu eshushu lidla ngokuba ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana eyi-0.1, ukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo lwamandla olugudileyo.
Qinisekisa ukuba kuthotyelwa ukukhutshwa komoya
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutsha kumisela ngokuthe ngqo inqanaba lokukhupha umoya. Idatha echanekileyo evela kwimitha yokuhamba komoya iqinisekisa ukuba ipetroli itshiswe ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enciphisa ngempumelelo ukukhutshwa kwezinto eziyingozi ezifana ne-carbon monoxide (CO) kunye nee-hydrocarbons (HC). Ukuba i-sensor iyasilela kwaye ibangele umxube wepetroli ogqithisileyo, i-exhaust iya kukhupha umsi omnyama, kwaye imoto iya kusilela ukuhlolwa konyaka.
Ziqhelanise neemeko ezinzima kwaye uzinzise ukusebenza kwenjini
Nokuba kukutshintshatshintsha komoya ongenayo xa ungasebenzi okanye umoya omninzi ongenayo ngexesha lokuhamba ngesantya esiphezulu, imitha yokuhamba komoya inokujonga kwaye inike impendulo kwi-ECU ngexesha langempela, iqinisekise ukuba injini inokugcina ukusebenza okuzinzileyo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye iphephe ukungazinzi okanye ukuphazamiseka kombane.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeziphene
Xa imitha yokuhamba komoya ivalekile ziidiphozithi zekhabhoni, yonakele, okanye inesiphako sentambo, oku kubangela ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
Ukungazinzi okanye ukushukuma okungasebenziyo: Injini iyashukuma ngokubonakalayo xa ingasebenzi, njengoko i-ECU ifumana imiqondiso yomoya engafanelekanga, nto leyo ebangela ulawulo olungachanekanga lwevolumu yokufaka ipetroli.
Ukukhawulezisa okubuthathaka okanye "ukungakhathali": Emva kokunyathela i-accelerator, impendulo yamandla iyacotha, kwaye kunzima ukuyigqitha.
Ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli okuphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga: Kwiindlela zokuqhuba kunye neemeko zendlela ezingatshintshanga, ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli kuyanda kakhulu (mhlawumbi nge-10%-20%).
Umsi ophumayo ukhupha umsi omnyama kwaye udlula imigangatho yokukhupha umoya: Umlilo onganeleyo ngunobangela.
Isibane seenjini siyavula: I-ECU iza kugcina iikhowudi zeempazamo ezifana ne-"P0100-P0104" ezinxulumene nemitha yokuhamba komoya.
Iingcebiso zolondolozo
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo: Kucetyiswa ukuba kuhlolwe imitha yokuhamba komoya rhoqo emva kweekhilomitha ezi-2-30,000, ingakumbi kwizithuthi eziqhutywa kwiindlela ezinothuli.
Ukucoca ngobuchule: Ukuba kukho ukwakheka kwekhabhoni, sebenzisa iarhente yokucoca imitha yomoya eyenzelwe ukucoca. Musa ukusebenzisa iiarhente zokucoca iikhabhoretha, kuba zinokutshabalalisa ifilimu eshushu ebuthathaka okanye izinto zentambo eshushu.
Tshintsha iindawo: Ukuba i-sensor yonakele, kuyacetyiswa ukuba itshintshe ngeendawo zokuqala okanye ezibizwa ngegama lophawu. Iindawo ezincinci azinakuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kunye nobomi.
Imitha yokuhamba komoya (i-MAF sensor) yinxalenye ephambili yenkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki yenjini, enoxanduva lokulinganisa ukuhamba komoya okungena enjinini nokubonelela i-ECU (iYunithi yoLawulo lwe-Electronic) ngesiseko esibalulekileyo sokubala umthamo wokufakwa kwepetroli. Nje ukuba ingasebenzi, iya kubangela ukungalingani kumlinganiselo womxube wepetroli, nto leyo ekhokelela kuthotho lweengxaki zokusebenza kwenjini.
Ezi zilandelayo ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo xa imitha yokuhamba komoya ingaphumeleli:
Ukungazinzi kwenjini: Injini iyanyikima ngokubonakalayo xa ingasebenzi, njengoko i-ECU ifumana imiqondiso yomoya engalunganga, nto leyo ebangela ulawulo olungachanekanga lwevolumu yokufaka ipetroli. Ubuthathaka bokukhawulezisa kunye namandla okucotha: Emva kokunyathela i-accelerator, imoto iphendula kancinci kwaye ikhawuleze kancinci, ingakumbi kuluhlu lwe-1500-2000 rpm, iziva "ingenawo amandla". Oku kungenxa yokuba i-ECU ayiwagwebi kakuhle umthamo womoya wokungenisa kwaye inciphisa ukufakwa kwepetroli, nto leyo ebangela umxube ogqithisileyo.
Ukwanda okungaqhelekanga kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli： Ukuba isignali yesensor inkulu kakhulu, i-ECU iya kukholelwa ngempazamo ukuba injini ikwimeko yomthwalo ophezulu, ngaloo ndlela inyusa ukufakwa kwepetroli, okubangela umxube oxineneyo kakhulu, kwaye ipetroli ayinakutsha ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukwanda okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kwepetroli. Ezinye iimodeli ziya kuba nesibane sesilumkiso esithi "SERVICE ENGINE" kwideshibhodi.
Umbhobho wokukhupha umoya ukhupha umsi omnyama: Xa umxube uxinene kakhulu, inani elikhulu lamasuntswana ekhabhoni angatshanga akhutshwa yigesi yokukhupha umoya, nto leyo eyenza umsi omnyama ocacileyo. Oku akungcolisi nje kuphela okusingqongileyo kodwa kubonisa ukusebenza kakubi kokutsha.
Ukuma kwenjini okukhawulezileyo kunye nokungcangcazela kwenjini: Xa uqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu (ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kwe-120 km/h), ukuphuma kwesignali yenzwa akuzinzanga, okunokubangela ukuba i-ECU inciphise ngequbuliso ukufakwa kwamafutha, okubangela ukuphazamiseka kwamandla enjini, ukungcangcazela, okanye nokuma, okubangela iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko.
Ukubuyela umva kwipayipi yokungenisa: Ngexesha lokukhawulezisa okanye ukucothisa, injini inokukhupha izandi ezingaqhelekanga ze-"bang bang", ezibangelwa kukutsha okungaqhelekanga kwipayipi yokungenisa ngenxa yomxube onganeleyo okanye ogqithisileyo obangela ukutsha okungaqhelekanga.
Kwezinye iimodeli, xa imitha yokuhamba komoya ingaphumeleli, isibane sempazamo yenjini (Jonga iNjini) siya kukhanyisa. Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho neemeko apho ukuphambuka kwesiginali kuncinci, kwaye i-ECU iyasilela ukurekhoda ikhowudi yempazamo, ibonisa kuphela ukwehla kokusebenza. Ukuxilongwa kobuchwephesha kunokuqinisekiswa ngokubona i-sensor waveform nge-oscilloscope (i-voltage eqhelekileyo ye-thermocouple kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi kwe-2.5-3.2V) okanye ukufunda ikhowudi yempazamo.
Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezininzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba undwendwele ivenkile yokulungisa yobuchwephesha ngokukhawuleza ukuze uhlolwe. Kwimeko eziyimfuneko, tshintsha imitha yokuhamba komoya yokuqala kwaye unikele ingqalelo ekucoceni rhoqo inkqubo yokungenisa umoya ukuze uphephe ukuqokelelana kothuli okuchaphazela ukuchaneka kwesensor.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
