I-automotive air-conditioning compressor yintliziyo ye-automotive air-conditioning system yefriji kwaye idlala indima yokucinezela kunye nokuthutha umphunga wefriji. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zeecompressor: ukufuduka okungaguqukiyo kunye nokufuduka okuguquguqukayo. Ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo, iicompressor zomoya zinokwahlulwa zibe ziicompressor ezisisigxina kunye necompressor displacement compressors.
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, iicompressors zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi eziphindaphindayo kunye nezijikelezayo. Iicompressor eziqhelekileyo eziphindaphindayo ziquka uhlobo lwentonga yokudibanisa i-crankshaft kunye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, kunye neecompressor eziqhelekileyo ezijikelezayo ziquka uhlobo lwe-rotary vane kunye nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-automotive air-conditioning compressor yintliziyo ye-automotive air-conditioning system yefriji kwaye idlala indima yokucinezela kunye nokuthutha umphunga wefriji.
Ukuhlelwa
Iicompressors zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ukufuduswa okungaguqukiyo kunye nokufuduka okuguquguqukayo.
Iicompressor zomoya-moya zihlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi eziphindaphindayo kunye nezijikelezayo ngokweendlela zazo zokusebenza zangaphakathi.
Ulwahlulo lohlelo losasazo olusebenzayo
Ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo, iicompressor zomoya zinokwahlulwa zibe ziicompressor ezisisigxina kunye necompressor displacement compressors.
Fixed displacement compressor
Ukufuduswa kwecompressor yokufuduswa okusisigxina kwandisa ngokulinganayo ngokunyuka kwesantya se-injini. Ayinakutshintsha ngokuzenzekelayo ukukhutshwa kwamandla ngokwemfuno yokupholisa, kwaye inefuthe elikhulu kusetyenziso lwamafutha enjini. Ulawulo lwayo ngokubanzi luqokelela umqondiso weqondo lobushushu lokuphuma komoya we-evaporator. Xa ubushushu bufikelela kubushushu obumiselweyo, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic yecompressor iyakhululwa kwaye icompressor iyeke ukusebenza. Xa ubushushu buphakama, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ibandakanyeka kwaye icompressor iqala ukusebenza. I-compressor esisigxina yokufuduka ilawulwa kwakhona ngoxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-air conditioning system. Xa uxinzelelo kumbhobho luphezulu kakhulu, i-compressor iyayeka ukusebenza.
Icompressor ye-air conditioner eguquguqukayo
Icompressor eguquguqukayo yokufuduswa inokulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuphuma kwamandla ngokweqondo lobushushu obumiselweyo. Inkqubo yokulawula umoya womoya ayiqokeleli umqondiso weqondo lokushisa lokuphuma komoya we-evaporator, kodwa ilawula umlinganiselo wokunyanzeliswa kwe-compressor ngokomqondiso wokutshintsha koxinzelelo kwipayipi ye-air-conditioning ukulungelelanisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukushisa kwe-air outlet. Kuyo yonke inkqubo yefriji, i-compressor ihlala isebenza, kwaye ukulungiswa kokuqina kwefriji kulawulwa ngokupheleleyo yi-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo efakwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor. Xa uxinzelelo olukwisiphelo soxinzelelo oluphezulu lombhobho wokupholisa umoya luphezulu kakhulu, ivalve elawula uxinzelelo yenza mfutshane i-piston stroke kwicompressor ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wokucinezela, okuya kunciphisa ukuqina kwefriji. Xa uxinzelelo kwisiphelo soxinzelelo oluphezulu lwehla ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye uxinzelelo kwisiphelo soxinzelelo oluphantsi lukhuphukela kwinqanaba elithile, i-valve yokulawula uxinzelelo yandisa i-piston stroke ukuphucula ukuqina kwefriji.
Ukuhlelwa kwesimbo somsebenzi
Ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, iicompressors zinokwahlulwa ngokubanzi zibe ziindidi eziphindaphindayo kunye nezijikelezayo. Iicompressor eziqhelekileyo eziphindaphindayo ziquka uhlobo lwentonga yokudibanisa i-crankshaft kunye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, kunye neecompressor eziqhelekileyo ezijikelezayo ziquka uhlobo lwe-rotary vane kunye nohlobo lokuskrola.
Icompressor yentonga yokudibanisa iCrankshaft
Inkqubo yokusebenza yale compressor inokwahlulwa ibe zine, oko kukuthi ukunyanzeliswa, ukukhupha, ukwandiswa, ukufunxa. Xa i-crankshaft ijikeleza, intonga yokudibanisa iqhubela i-piston ukuba ibuyele, kunye nomthamo osebenzayo owenziwe ngodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-cylinder, intloko ye-cylinder kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wepiston utshintsha rhoqo, ngaloo ndlela ucinezela kwaye uhambisa i-friji kwi-system yefriji. . Icompressor yentonga yokudibanisa i-crankshaft yicompressor yesizukulwana sokuqala. Isetyenziswa kakhulu, inobuchwephesha bokuvelisa obuqolileyo, ubume obulula, iimfuno eziphantsi kwimathiriyeli yokusetyenzwa kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula, kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Inokuguquguquka okuqinileyo, iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa noluhlu olubanzi loxinzelelo kunye neemfuno zomthamo wefriji, kwaye inokugcinwa okuqinileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, i-compressor yentonga yokudibanisa i-crankshaft nayo ineziphene ezicacileyo, ezifana nokungakwazi ukufikelela kwisantya esiphezulu, umatshini mkhulu kwaye unzima, kwaye akulula ukufumana ubunzima obulula. I-exhaust iyayeka, ukuhamba komoya kulungele ukuguquguquka, kwaye kukho ukungcangcazela okukhulu ngexesha lokusebenza.
Ngenxa yeempawu ezingentla ze-crankshaft-connecting-rod compressors, iicompressor ezincinci ezincinci zokufuduka ziye zamkela esi sakhiwo. Okwangoku, i-crankshaft-connecting-rod compressors isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zokufuduswa komoya kwiimoto zabakhweli kunye neelori.
I-Axial Piston Compressor
Iicompressors ze-axial piston zinokubizwa ngokuba ziicompressors zesizukulwana sesibini, kwaye ezona zixhaphakileyo zii-rocker-plate okanye i-swash-plate compressors, ezizezona mveliso ziphambili kwi-automotive air-conditioning compressors. Amacandelo aphambili e-compressor ye-swash plate yi-shaft ephambili kunye ne-swash plate. Iisilinda zicwangciswe ngokujikelezayo kunye ne-shaft ephambili ye-compressor njengeziko, kwaye indlela yokuhamba yepiston ihambelana ne-shaft ephambili ye-compressor. Iipistons uninzi lweecompressor zepleyiti zokuhlamba zenziwe njengepiston ezinentloko ephindwe kabini, njenge-axial 6-cylinder compressors, iisilinda ezi-3 zingaphambili kwicompressor, kwaye ezinye iisilinda ezi-3 zisemva kwecompressor. Iipiston ezineentloko ezimbini zityibilika kwi-tandem kwiisilinda ezichaseneyo. Xa esinye isiphelo sepiston sicinezela umphunga osisikhenkcezisi kumbhobho ongaphambili, esinye isiphelo sepiston siphefumlela umphunga osisikhenkcisi okwisilinda yangasemva. I-cylinder nganye ixhotyiswe nge-valve yomoya ophezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi, kwaye enye ipayipi yoxinzelelo oluphezulu isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa amagumbi angaphambili nasemva. I-plate inclined igxininiswe kunye ne-shaft ephambili ye-compressor, i-edge of plate inclined ihlanganiswe kwi-groove phakathi kwepiston, kunye ne-piston groove kunye nomda we-plate inclined ixhaswa ngeentsimbi zebhola zensimbi. Xa i-shaft engundoqo ijikeleza, i-swash plate nayo iyajikeleza, kwaye i-edge ye-swash plate ityhala ipiston ukuba ibuyele nge-axially. Ukuba ipleyiti yokuswasha ijikeleza kube kanye, iipiston ezimbini ezingaphambili nasemva nganye zigqibezela umjikelo wokucinezela, ukukhupha, ukwandiswa, kunye nokufunxa, olingana nomsebenzi weesilinda ezimbini. Ukuba i-axial 6-cylinder compressor, iisilinda ezi-3 kunye neepiston ezi-3 ezinentloko ephindwe kabini zisasazwa ngokulinganayo kwicandelo lebhloko yesilinda. Xa i-shaft ephambili ijikeleza kanye, ilingana nefuthe leesilinda ezi-6.
Icompressor yepleyiti yeswash kulula ukufezekisa i-miniaturization kunye nobunzima obulula, kwaye inokufikelela ekusebenzeni ngesantya esiphezulu. Inesakhiwo esincinci, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo. Emva kokuqaphela ulawulo lokufuduswa okuguquguqukayo, lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwii-air conditioners zemoto.
Rotary Vane Compressor
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeemilo ze-cylinder ze-rotary vane compressors: isetyhula kunye ne-oval. Kwisilinda setyhula, i-shaft ephambili ye-rotor inomgama o-eccentric ukusuka kumbindi we-cylinder, ukwenzela ukuba i-rotor ifakwe ngokusondeleyo phakathi kwemingxuma yokufunxa kunye nokukhupha kwindawo yangaphakathi ye-cylinder. Kwi-cylinder ye-elliptical, i-axis ephambili ye-rotor kunye neziko le-ellipse lihambelana. Amagqabi kwi-rotor ahlula isilinda kwiindawo ezininzi. Xa i-shaft ephambili iqhuba i-rotor ukuba ijikeleze kube kanye, umthamo wezi zithuba uguquka ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye umphunga wefriji uphinde utshintshe umthamo kunye nobushushu kwezi zithuba. I-Rotary vane compressors ayinayo ivalve yokufunxa kuba iivanes zenza umsebenzi wokufunxa kunye nokucinezela ifriji. Ukuba kukho ii-blades ezi-2, kukho iinkqubo ezi-2 zokukhupha kwi-rotation enye ye-shaft ephambili. Okukhona amagqabi, kokukhona kuncinci ukuguquguquka kokukhutshwa kwecompressor.
Njengecompressor yesizukulwana sesithathu, ngenxa yokuba umthamo kunye nobunzima be-rotary vane compressor inokwenziwa encinci, kulula ukuyicwangcisa kwindawo ye-injini emxinwa, idityaniswa nezinto eziluncedo zengxolo ephantsi kunye nokungcangcazela, kunye nempumelelo ephezulu yevolumetric. ikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokupholisa umoya kwiimoto. ndifumene isicelo. Nangona kunjalo, i-rotary vane compressor ineemfuno eziphezulu zokuchaneka komatshini kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokwenziwa.
skrola icompressor
Iicompressor ezinjalo zinokubizwa ngokuba ziicompressors zesizukulwana se-4. Ubume beecompressors zokuskrola bohlulwe kakhulu baziindidi ezimbini: uhlobo oluguquguqukayo kunye ne-static kunye nohlobo lwe-revolution kabini. Okwangoku, uhlobo oluguqukayo kunye noluzinzileyo lolona setyenziso luqhelekileyo. Amalungu ayo okusebenza enziwe ikakhulu yiinjini yomoya eguqukayo kunye ne-static turbine. Izakhiwo zee turbines eziguquguqukayo kunye ne-static zifana kakhulu, kwaye zombini zenziwe ngepleyiti yokuphela kunye nezinyo elijikelezayo elijikelezayo elisuka kwi-end plate, ezi zimbini zicwangciswe ngokwe-eccentrically kwaye umehluko ngu-180 °, i-static turbine imile, kwaye iturbine ehambayo ijikeleziswa ngokungqongqo kwaye iguqulelwe yi-crankshaft phantsi koxinzelelo lwendlela ekhethekileyo yokuchasana nokujikeleza, oko kukuthi, akukho kujikeleza, kuphela ukuguqulwa. Iicompressors zokuskrola zineengenelo ezininzi. Umzekelo, icompressor incinci ngobukhulu kwaye ilula ngobunzima, kwaye i-eccentric shaft eqhuba intshukumo yeinjini yomoya inokujikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba akukho valve yokufunxa kunye nevalve yokukhupha, icompressor yokuskrola isebenza ngokuthembekileyo, kwaye kulula ukuyiqonda intshukumo yesantya esiguquguqukayo kunye netekhnoloji eguquguqukayo yokufuduka. Amagumbi oxinzelelo amaninzi asebenza ngaxeshanye, umahluko woxinzelelo lwerhasi phakathi kwamagumbi oxinzelelo akufuphi, ukuvuza kwegesi kuncinci, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwevolumetric kuphezulu. Iicompressor zokuskrola ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngakumbi nangakumbi kwintsimi yefriji encinci ngenxa yenzuzo yazo yesakhiwo esihlangeneyo, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye nokonga amandla, ukungcangcazela okuphantsi kunye nengxolo ephantsi, kunye nokuthembeka kokusebenza, kwaye ke ngoko ibe yenye yeendlela eziphambili zetekhnoloji yecompressor. uphuhliso.
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle
Njengomsebenzi ojikelezayo ojikelezayo ophezulu, i-compressor ye-air conditioner inethuba eliphezulu lokungaphumeleli. Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo yingxolo engaqhelekanga, ukuvuza kunye nokungasebenzi.
(1) Ingxolo engaqhelekanga Kukho izizathu ezininzi zengxolo engaqhelekanga yecompressor. Ngokomzekelo, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor yonakaliswe, okanye i-compressor yangaphakathi igugile kakhulu, njl., enokubangela ingxolo engaqhelekanga.
①I-electromagnetic clutch yecompressor yindawo eqhelekileyo apho kwenzeka khona ingxolo engaqhelekanga. Icompressor ihlala ibaleka ukusuka kwisantya esisezantsi ukuya kwisantya esiphezulu phantsi komthwalo omkhulu, ngoko ke iimfuno zeclutch ye-electromagnetic ziphezulu kakhulu, kwaye indawo yokufaka i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ngokuqhelekileyo isondele emhlabeni, kwaye ihlala ibonakaliswe kumanzi emvula kunye nomhlaba. Xa ukuthwala kwi-clutch ye-electromagnetic konakalisiwe kuvakala isandi esingaqhelekanga.
② Ukongeza kwingxaki ye-electromagnetic clutch ngokwayo, ukuqina kwebhanti ye-compressor drive ikwachaphazela ngqo ubomi be-clutch yombane. Ukuba ibhanti lokuhambisa likhululekile kakhulu, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ithanda ukutyibilika; ukuba ibhanti lokuhambisa liqinile kakhulu, umthwalo kwi-clutch ye-electromagnetic uya kwanda. Xa ukuqina kwebhanti yokuhambisa ayichanekanga, i-compressor ayiyi kusebenza kwinqanaba lokukhanya, kwaye i-compressor iya konakala xa inzima. Xa ibhanti lokuqhuba lisebenza, ukuba i-compressor pulley kunye ne-generator pulley ayikho kwindiza enye, iya kunciphisa ubomi bebhanti yokuqhuba okanye i-compressor.
③ Ukufunxa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokuvalwa kweclutch ye-electromagnetic nayo iya kubangela ingxolo engaqhelekanga kwisicinezeli. Umzekelo, ukuveliswa kwamandla ejenereyitha akwanelanga, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo yomoya yomoya luphezulu kakhulu, okanye umthwalo we-injini mkhulu kakhulu, okuya kubangela ukuba i-clutch ye-electromagnetic idonse ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
④ Kufuneka kubekho umsantsa othile phakathi kweclutch ye-electromagnetic kunye necompressor mounting surface. Ukuba i-gap inkulu kakhulu, impembelelo nayo iya kwanda. Ukuba i-gap incinci kakhulu, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic iya kuphazamisa i-compressor mounting surface ngexesha lokusebenza. Oku kukwangunobangela oqhelekileyo wengxolo engaqhelekanga.
⑤ Icompressor idinga ukuthambisa okuthembekileyo xa isebenza. Xa icompressor ingenawo ioyile yokuthambisa, okanye ioyile yokuthambisa ingasetyenziswanga kakuhle, ingxolo enkulu engaqhelekanga iya kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwecompressor, kwaye ibangele ukuba icompressor iguge kwaye ichithwe.
(2) Ukuvuza kwe-Refrigerant ukuvuza yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo kwiinkqubo zokupholisa umoya. Inxalenye evuzayo ye-compressor idla ngokudibana kwe-compressor kunye nemibhobho ephezulu kunye nephantsi yoxinzelelo, apho kudla ngokuba yinkathazo ukujonga ngenxa yendawo yokufakela. Uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwe-air-conditioning system luphezulu kakhulu, kwaye xa i-refrigerant ivuza, ioli ye-compressor iya kulahleka, eya kubangela ukuba inkqubo ye-air-conditioning ingasebenzi okanye i-compressor ifakwe kakubi. Kukho iivalvu zokukhusela uxinzelelo kwiicompressor zomoya. Iivalvu zokukhusela ukunyanzeliswa kwengcinezelo zivame ukusetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elilodwa. Emva kokuba uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luphezulu kakhulu, i-valve yokukhusela uxinzelelo kufuneka itshintshwe ngexesha.
(3) Ukungasebenzi Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba kutheni icompressor yomoya ingasebenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yeengxaki zesekethe ezinxulumene nazo. Unokujonga kwangaphambili ukuba icompressor yonakele ngokunikezela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-clutch ye-electromagnetic yecompressor.
Amanyathelo olondolozo lwe-air conditioning
Imiba yokhuseleko ekufuneka uyiqaphele xa uphethe iifriji
(1) Musa ukuphatha ifriji kwindawo evaliweyo okanye kufuphi nedangatye elivulekileyo;
(2) Iiglasi ezikhuselayo mazinxitywe;
(3) Kulumkele ulwelo lwesikhenkcezisi esingena emehlweni okanye sitshize eluswini;
(4) Musa ukukhomba abantu emazantsi etanki yesikhenkcisi, amanye amatanki efriji anezixhobo zokukhupha umoya zikaxakeka emazantsi;
(5) Musa ukubeka itanki yesikhenkcisi ngokuthe ngqo emanzini ashushu namaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwama-40°C;
6 nayo ngokwakho.
