Umsebenzi wokunkqonkqoza kwemoto
Umsebenzi ophambili we-automotive knock sensor kukubona into enkqonkqozayo ye-injini, kwaye uthintele ukunkqonkqoza ngokulungelelanisa i-Angle engaphambili yokutshisa, ukuze ukhusele i-injini emonakalweni. i
Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza siguqula iintshukumo zomatshini zenjini zibe ziimpawu zombane ezithunyelwa kwiyunithi yolawulo lombane (ECU). I-ECU ilungisa i-Angle engaphambili yokutshisa ngokwesiginali efunyenweyo ukuphepha ukwenzeka okuqhubekayo kokuqhawuka. Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza ngokuqhelekileyo sisebenzisa iteknoloji ye-piezoelectric ceramic. Xa i-injini ishukuma, i-ceramic iyaxinzelelwa kwaye ikhubazeke ukuvelisa umqondiso wombane, ogqithiselwa kwi-ECU ngocingo olukhuselekileyo ukuze lusetyenzwe.
Umgaqo osebenzayo we-sensor yokunkqonkqoza usekelwe kwimpembelelo ye-piezoelectric, xa injini ibetha, i-piezoelectric ceramics ngaphakathi kwenzwa iyacinywa, ivelise uphawu lombane. Le miqondiso ithunyelwa kwi-ECU, elungisa i-Angle yokutshisa kwangaphambili ngokusekelwe kwidatha egciniweyo ukuthintela ukunkqonkqoza. Ukongeza, abenzi boluvo benkqonkqoza banokubona isantya kunye nendawo ye-injini, ibonelela ngolwazi oluninzi ukunceda ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwe-injini.
I-sensor yokunkqonkqoza ivame ukufakwa kwindawo ethile kwi-injini ye-injini, njengaphakathi kwe-2 kunye ne-3 iisilinda zomshini we-cylinder ezine okanye phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-2 iisilinda kunye ne-3 okanye i-4 cylinder. Indawo yayo yokuxhoma iqinisekisa ukubanjwa okubuthathaka kweenjini zokungcangcazela kunye nokunkqonkqoza.
Ukuba isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza asiphumeleli, nangona singayi kubangela ukuba injini ingaphumeleli ukuqalisa, iya kubangela iingxaki ezifana nejita ye-injini, ukulahleka kwamandla, ukuwohloka koqoqosho lwamafutha, kunye nezibane zempazamo. Ke ngoko, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwenzwa yokunkqonkqoza kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-injini.
Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza kwi-Auto sisixhobo esifakwe kwibhloko ye-injini, ikakhulu esetyenziselwa ukubona ukunkqonkqoza kwe-injini. Zininzi iindidi zezivamvo zokunkqonkqoza, ezona zixhaphakileyo kuzo ziquka i-magnetostrictive kunye ne-piezoelectric ceramic.
Uhlobo kunye nesakhiwo senzwa yokunkqonkqoza
I-Magnetostrictive : iqulathe undoqo wemagnethi, umazibuthe osisigxina kunye nekhoyili yokungenisa. Xa i-injini ingcangcazela, undoqo wemagnethi uyatshintsha, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho kwi-flux yamagnetic kwikhoyili ye-induction, okukhokelela kumandla e-electromotive.
Iceramic yepiezoelectric : Xa i-injini ishukuma, i-ceramic ngaphakathi iyacinezelwa ukuvelisa umqondiso wombane. Ngenxa yokuba umqondiso ubuthathaka, intambo yoqhagamshelwano ihlala isongelwe ngocingo olukhuselekileyo.
I-piezoelectric resonance : ifakwe kwindawo ephezulu yomzimba we-injini, ukusetyenziswa kwempembelelo ye-piezoelectric ukuguqula ukungcangcazela komatshini kwiimpawu zombane. Xa i-frequency vibration vibration ihambelana nokuphindaphinda kwendalo yenzwa, i-resonance phenomenon iya kwenzeka, kwaye i-voltage yesignali yokunkqonkqoza ephezulu iya kuphuma kwi-ECU, ngokubhekiselele kuyo i-ECU iya kulungelelanisa ixesha lokucima ukuphepha ukunkqonkqoza.
Sisebenza njani isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza
Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza siva ukungcangcazela kunye nezandi ze-injini kwaye siziguqule zibe ziimpawu zombane ezithunyelwa kwiyunithi yokulawula injini (ECU). I-ECU ilungisa i-Angle engaphambili yokutshisa ngokuhambelana nomqondiso ofunyenweyo ukuthintela ukwenzeka kokuqhushumba. Umgaqo okhethekileyo wokusebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
I-Magnetostrictive: Ukungcangcazela kwe-injini kubangela ukuba umbindi wemagnethi utshintshe, utshintshe imagnethi kwikhoyili ye-induction, okukhokelela kumandla e-electromotive.
I-piezoelectric ceramic : xa injini ishukuma, i-ceramic ye-piezoelectric iyacinezelwa ukuvelisa isignali yombane, i-ECU ilungisa ixesha lokucima ngokomqondiso.
Uhlobo lwe-piezoelectric resonance : xa i-frequency vibration frequency ihambelana nokuphindaphinda kwendalo yenzwa, kwenzeka i-resonance phenomenon, kwaye i-voltage yesignali yokunkqonkqoza ephezulu iphuma kwi-ECU.
Indima yezivamvo zokunkqonkqoza ezimotweni
Umsebenzi ophambili wesivamvo sokunkqonkqoza kukulinganisa iqondo lejitter yenjini. Xa i-injini ivelisa ukunkqonkqoza, umqondiso wombane ugqithiselwa kwi-ECU, kwaye i-ECU ihlengahlengisa i-Angle yokutshisa kwangaphambili ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukunkqonkqoza okungakumbi. Ukunkqonkqoza kunokubangela umonakalo we-injini, ngoko ke izinzwa zokunkqonkqoza zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni injini.
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