Umsebenzi wenzwa yokunkqonkqoza imoto
Umsebenzi ophambili we-automotive knock sensor kukubona into yokunqongophala kwenjini, nokuthintela ukunqongophala ngokulungelelanisa i-ignition advance Angle, ukuze kukhuselwe injini ekonakaleni.
I-knock sensor iguqula ukungcangcazela koomatshini kwenjini ibe ziimpawu zombane ezithunyelwa kwiyunithi yolawulo lwe-elektroniki (ECU). I-ECU ilungisa i-ignition advance Angle ngokwesiginali efunyenweyo ukuze kuthintelwe ukwenzeka kokuqhushumba okuqhubekayo. I-knock sensor idla ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-piezoelectric ceramic. Xa injini ishukuma, i-ceramic iyacinezelwa kwaye iguqulwe ukuze kuveliswe isiginali yombane, ethunyelwa kwi-ECU ngentambo ekhuselweyo ukuze icutshungulwe.
Umgaqo osebenzayo we-knock sensor usekelwe kwisiphumo se-piezoelectric, xa injini ingqongqoza, ii-piezoelectric ceramics ezingaphakathi kwe-sensor ziyacinezelwa, zivelise isignali yombane. Ezi signals zithunyelwa kwi-ECU, elungisa i-ignition advance Angle ngokusekelwe kwidatha egciniweyo ukuthintela ukungqongqoza. Ukongeza, ii-knock sensors zinokuqonda isantya kunye nendawo yenjini, zibonelela ngolwazi oluninzi ukunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenjini.
I-knock sensor idla ngokufakwa kwindawo ethile kwibhloko yenjini, njengaphakathi kweesilinda ezi-2 nezi-3 zomatshini weesilinda ezine okanye phakathi kweesilinda ezi-1 nezi-2 kunye nesilinda ezi-3 okanye ezi-4. Indawo yokuyibeka iqinisekisa ukubanjwa kwayo ngokubonakalayo kokungcangcazela nokugoba okuncinci kwenjini.
Ukuba i-knock sensor iyasilela, nangona ingayi kubangela ukuba injini ingaqalisi, iya kubangela iingxaki ezifana nokushukuma kwenjini, ukulahleka kwamandla, ukonakala koqoqosho lwamafutha, kunye nezibane zeempazamo. Ke ngoko, ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwe-knock sensor kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwenjini.
I-Automotive knock sensor sisixhobo esifakwe kwi-injini block, esisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukubona ukunqonqoza kwenjini. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-knock sensors, ezona zixhaphakileyo ziquka i-magnetostrictive kunye ne-piezoelectric ceramic.
Uhlobo kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-knock sensor
I-Magnetostrictive : iqulathe i-magnetic core, i-permanent magnet kunye ne-induction coil. Xa injini ingcangcazela, i-magnetic core iyatshintsha, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kwi-magnetic flux kwi-induction coil, nto leyo ebangela amandla e-electromotive abangelwa yi-induced.
i-piezoelectric ceramic : Xa injini ishukuma, i-ceramic engaphakathi iyacinezelwa ukuvelisa isignali yombane. Ngenxa yokuba isignali ibuthathaka, intambo yoqhagamshelo idla ngokusongelwa ngocingo olukhuselekileyo .
I-resonance ye-piezoelectric : ifakwe kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba wenjini, kusetyenziswa isiphumo se-piezoelectric ukuguqula ukungcangcazela koomatshini kube ziimpawu zombane. Xa i-frequency yokungcangcazela kwe-knock ihambelana ne-frequency yendalo ye-sensor, kuya kwenzeka i-resonance phenomenon, kwaye i-voltage yesignali yokunkqonkqoza ephezulu iya kukhutshwa kwi-ECU, apho i-ECU iya kulungisa ixesha lokutsha ukuze iphephe ukunkqonkqoza .
Indlela esebenza ngayo i-knock sensor
I-knock sensor iyaziva iintshukumo nezandi zenjini kwaye iziguqule zibe ziimpawu zombane ezithunyelwa kwiyunithi yokulawula injini (ECU). I-ECU ilungisa i-ignition advance Angle ngokwesignali efunyenweyo ukuthintela ukwenzeka kokudubula. Umgaqo osebenzayo ngulo ulandelayo:
I-Magnetostrictive : ukungcangcazela kwenjini kubangela ukuba i-magnetic core itshintshe, itshintshe i-magnetic flux kwi-induction coil, nto leyo ebangela amandla e-electromotive abangelwa yi-.
I-ceramic ye-piezoelectric : xa injini ishukuma, i-ceramic ye-piezoelectric iyacinezelwa ukuvelisa isignali yombane, i-ECU ilungisa ixesha lokutsha ngokwesignali.
Uhlobo lwe-piezoelectric resonance : xa i-knock vibration frequency ihambelana ne-natural frequency ye-sensor, kwenzeka i-resonance phenomenon, kwaye i-voltage yesignali yokungqongqoza ephezulu iphuma kwi-ECU.
Indima yezinzwa zokungqongqoza ezimotweni
Umsebenzi ophambili we-knock sensor kukulinganisa i-jitter degree ye-injini. Xa injini ikhupha i-knock, isignali yombane idluliselwa kwi-ECU, kwaye i-ECU ilungisa i-ignition advance Angle ngokufanelekileyo ukuthintela ukungqongqoza okungakumbi. Ukungqongqoza kunokubangela umonakalo kwinjini, ngoko ke ii-knock sensors zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuseleni injini.
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