Yintoni imoto yokungena kunye nevalve yokukhupha
I-automotive intake and exhaust valve yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-injini, enoxanduva lokulawula inkqubo yokungena kunye nokuphuma kwe-injini.
Iinkcazo kunye nemisebenzi yeevalvu zokungena kunye nokukhupha
(I-Valve yokungena) : Umsebenzi ophambili wevalve yokungena kukutsala umoya kwi-injini, ukuyixuba namafutha kwaye uyitshise ukunika amandla enjini. Ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwe-valve yokungena kulawulwa yi-camshaft ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela komoya ococekileyo kwi-cylinder .
I-Valve yokukhupha i-valve : umsebenzi we-valve yokukhupha i-exhaust gas emva kokutshisa i-injini, ngelixa inceda ukukhupha ukushisa kunye nokugcina ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-injini. Ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwe-valve yokukhupha kulawulwa kwakhona yi-camshaft.
Umahluko phakathi kweevalvu zokungena kunye nokukhupha
Umahluko osebenzayo : Ivalve yokungena inoxanduva lokungena komoya, ngelixa ivalve yokukhupha inoxanduva lokukhupha igesi. Ivalve yokungena idla ngokuba nkulu kunevalve yokukhupha umoya kuba kufuneka kubanjwe umoya omninzi.
Iimpawu zomzimba : Ivalve yokungena ihlala ibekwe kwicala le-injini kufuphi nenkqubo yokuthatha, kwaye ivalve yokukhupha ibekwe ekupheleni kufutshane nenkqubo yokukhupha. Ukongeza, umthamo wevalve yokuthatha udla ngokuba mkhulu kunowokuphuma kwevalve.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kweevalve zokungena kunye nokukhupha
inkqubo yokuthatha : xa ivalve yokungena ivuliwe, umoya ungena kwisilinda ngesihluzo somoya kwaye uxutywe namafutha akhutshwa ngumbhobho wenaliti yamafutha ukuze kutsha.
Inkqubo yokukhupha : Igesi yokuphuma emva kokutsha ikhutshwa ngevalve yokukhupha, kwaye ithatha inxalenye yobushushu ukunceda injini yobushushu.
Uphuhliso lobuchwephesha lweevalvu zokungena kunye nokukhupha
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, itekhnoloji yeevalve ezininzi isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ii-injini zanamhlanje zihlala zifaka iivalvu ezininzi kwi-cylinder nganye, ezinjengeevalve ezine okanye ngaphezulu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wokutsha. Olu luyilo luvumela ioyile kunye negesi ukuba zixube ngokulinganayo kwaye zitshise ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwe-injini kunye noqoqosho lwamafutha.
Imisebenzi ephambili ye-automobile inlet kunye ne-valve yokukhupha i-valve iquka ukulawula ukungena komoya kunye nokungena kwamafutha, ukukhutshwa kwegesi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu. Ivalve yokungena inoxanduva lokutsala umoya kwi-injini, ukuyixuba namafutha kunye nokuyitshisa ukunika amandla enjini; Ivalve yokukhupha inoxanduva lokukhupha igesi yokukhupha emva kokutsha, kwaye inceda injini ukuba ikhuphe ubushushu, igcine ubushushu bangaphakathi bufanelekile.
Isenzo sevalve yokungena
Umsebenzi ophambili wevalve yokungena kukutsala umoya kwi-injini kwaye uyixube namafutha ukuze ivuthe. Ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwevalve yokungena kulawulwa yi-camshaft ye-injini ukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya owaneleyo utsalwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwe-injini kunye nokuphuma kwamandla.
Ivalve yokungena idla ngokuyilwa ukuba ibe nkulu ukuze itsale umoya ngakumbi njengoko ipiston isihla.
Indima yevalve yokukhupha
Umsebenzi oyintloko we-valve yokukhupha i-valve yokukhupha igesi yokukhupha igesi kwi-injini emva kokutsha kunye nokunceda injini ukuba ikhuphe ukushisa. Ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kwe-valve yokukhupha kwakhona kulawulwa yi-camshaft, iqinisekisa ukuba i-gas exhaust ikhutshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukukhusela injini ekushiseni. Uyilo lwevalvu yokukhupha luncinci kwaye lujolise kwigesi esebenzayo yokukhupha.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kunye neempawu zesakhiwo se-valve yokungena kunye nokukhupha
I-valve yokungena kunye ne-exhaust ivuliwe kwaye ivaliwe ngokulawulwa kwe-camshaft. I-camshaft iqhuba intshukumo yevalve ngokusebenzisa intshukumo yomatshini ukuqonda ukutshitsha kwevalve yokungena kunye nevalve yokukhupha. Ivalve yokungena ivulwa xa ipiston ihambela ezantsi ukuphefumla umoya; Ivalve yokukhupha ivula xa ipiston ihambela phezulu ukukhupha igesi yokuphuma.
Ukongeza, itekhnoloji yee-valve ezininzi ikwasetyenziswa kwiinjini zeemoto zanamhlanje, ezineevalve ezininzi ngesilinda nganye ukuphucula ukungena kunye nokukhupha ukusebenza kakuhle.
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