Inkqubo ye-powertrain yemoto - Yintoni indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva?
Ingxelo ethi "Inkqubo yamandla eemoto - indibano yesibiyeli sokumiswa ngasemva" iqulethe ukudideka okucacileyo. Indibano yesibiyeli sokumiswa ngasemva ayisiyonxalenye yenkqubo yamandla eemoto; kunoko, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokumiswa kwesibiyeli.
Inkcazo kunye nomsebenzi wendibano yesibiyeli sokumisa esingasemva
Indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva yinxalenye yolwakhiwo esetyenziselwa ukudibanisa umzimba wesithuthi nenkqubo yokuxhoma engasemva. Ngokuyintloko yenza le misebenzi ilandelayo:
Inkxaso kunye nokulungiswa: Ibonelela ngesiseko sokufakelwa kwezinto ze-elastic zokumiswa kwangasemva, ezifana nezipringi ze-coil, ii-shock absorbers, iingalo zokulawula, njl.
Ukudluliselwa kwamandla: Idlulisela amandla e-longitudinal, amandla asecaleni, kunye namandla athe nkqo ukusuka kumavili nge-suspension ukuya emzimbeni wesithuthi.
Isikhokelo kunye nokubekwa: Isebenzisana nezinye iintonga zokudibanisa okanye amathambo okugcina umgama ukuze ithintele ukuhamba kwamavili nokuqinisekisa uzinzo lokuqhuba.
Isiqinisekiso sokuqina kwesakhiwo: Siyomeleza ukuqina kwenkqubo yokumisa ngasemva kwaye siphucula indlela yokusingatha.
Eli candelo lidla ngokuquka umzimba wesibiyeli, ipleyiti yokulungisa, i-bushing, iibholithi, njl. Kwezinye iidizayini ezinelungelo lobunikazi, likwabandakanya izakhiwo ezilungisekayo ze-Z-direction (vertical) kunye ne-XY-direction (horizontal) ukuze zilungelelaniswe neemodeli ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi okanye ziphucule ukuchaneka kwendibano.
Kutheni ingekho kwinkqubo yamandla?
Inkqubo yamandla inoxanduva lokuvelisa nokudlulisa amandla okuqhuba, ikakhulu kuquka: injini, uthumelo, umngxuma wokuqhuba, umahluko, i-axle yokuqhuba, njl.
Indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva yinxalenye yokuxhoma kwenkqubo yetshasi. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuxhasa umzimba wesithuthi, ukufunxa ukungcangcazela, nokugcina amatayara enxibelelene nomhlaba, kwaye ayinabudlelwane ngqo nokudluliselwa kwamandla.
Ukucaciswa kokungaqondani okuqhelekileyo
Ngamanye amaxesha abantu bathetha ngempazamo "nge-axle yokuqhuba ngasemva" okanye "nge-rear differential bracket" ngokuthi "nge-rear suspension bracket", kodwa:
Ibrakethi ye-axle eqhuba ngasemva: Yinto exhasayo ekupheleni kwenkqubo yamandla, esetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-differential okanye i-half shaft.
Isibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva: Sisetyenziselwa kuphela ukudibanisa isakhiwo sokuxhoma kwaye asithathi nxaxheba ekudluliseleni umbane.
Indibano yesibiyeli sokumisa esingasemva = Icandelo lenkqubo yokumisa ≠ Icandelo lenkqubo yamandla
Umsebenzi ophambili: Inkxaso, uqhagamshelo, uthumelo lwamandla, isikhokelo
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa: Isiseko sokufakelwa kweentlobo ze-multi-link, i-torsion beam, njl.njl. zokumiswa ngasemva
Ingxelo ethi "Inkqubo yamandla eemoto - Indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva" inomdibaniso wengqiqo kwaye kufuneka kuqala yahlule ngokucacileyo phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini:
Inkqubo yamandla: Ngokuyintloko ibhekisa kwinjini, inkqubo yokudlulisela, kunye nenkqubo yokudlulisela, enoxanduva lokuvelisa nokudlulisa amandla.
Inkqubo yokumiswa ngasemva: Inxalenye yenkqubo yetshasi, edibanisa amavili nomzimba, inoxanduva lokuxhasa, ukufunxa uthutho, kunye nokuzinza kokuphatha.
"Indibano yesibiyeli sokumiswa ngasemva" ekuthethwa ngayo rhoqo yeyenkqubo yokumiswa, hayi inkqubo yamandla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umbuzo ujonge ukubuza malunga nemisebenzi yecandelo enxulumene nezibiyeli kwinkqubo yokumiswa ngasemva, ingashwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Umsebenzi oyintloko wendibano yesibiyeli sokumisa esingasemva
Indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma esingasemva (esifana nesibiyeli sengalo yokulawula, isibiyeli sesakhelo esingaphantsi, isibiyeli sokufaka isibiyeli sokufunxa umbane, njl.njl.) sisixhobo esiphambili sokudibanisa kunye nenkxaso kwinkqubo yokuxhoma. Imisebenzi yayo ephambili ibandakanya:
Inkxaso kunye noqhagamshelo: Faka ngokuqinileyo ingalo ende, ingalo enqamlezileyo, i-shock absorber, i-stabilizer bar, njl.njl. ye-suspension yangasemva kwisakhelo okanye kwisakhelo esingaphantsi ukuze wenze indlela epheleleyo yokudlulisela amandla.
Ukudluliselwa kwamandla kunye ne-torque: Ukudluliselwa ngokufanelekileyo kwamandla e-longitudinal (ukukhawulezisa/ukubhuleka), amandla asecaleni (ukuqhuba), kunye nomthwalo othe nkqo (impembelelo yendlela) ukusuka kumavili ukuya emzimbeni.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Buffer kunye nokungcangcazela: Funxa kwaye uhluze ukungcangcazela okuphezulu okuvela endleleni ngokusebenzisa iibhushing zerabha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi okanye izinto ze-hydraulic, nto leyo ephucula intuthuzelo yokuhamba.
Isithintelo sokuhamba kwevili: Sebenzisana nezakhiwo ze-multi-link okanye i-torsion beam, lawula ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokujikeleza kwevili, uqinisekise uzinzo kunye nokuphathwa kokuqhuba.
Ukulungiswa kwendawo (ingakumbi kwiimoto zombane): Umzekelo, uyilo lukaChery "lokumiswa kwangasemva okuqhutywa ngaphandle", luhambisa ulwakhiwo lwebracket kunye nokumiswa kumacala angaphakathi nangaphandle kwirediyasi yamatayara, lukhulula indawo engaphantsi yekhabhinethi engasemva ukuze kulungiselelwe ibhetri.
"Inkqubo yamandla emoto - Ukusilela kwendibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma ngasemva" kusenokuba negama elithetha ukudideka. Ngokolwazi loluntu kunye nolwazi lobunjineli beemoto, inkqubo yamandla idla ngokubhekisa kwinjini, inkqubo yokudlulisela, kunye nenkqubo yokudlulisela enoxanduva lokuvelisa nokudlulisa amandla; ngelixa indibano yesibiyeli sokuxhoma ngasemva iyinxalenye yenkqubo yokumisela itshasi, esetyenziselwa ukuxhasa umzimba, ukuthintela ukungcangcazela, kunye nokugcina uzinzo lokuqhuba.
Ke ngoko, ukuba inkxalabo yokwenyani imalunga nokusilela kweebrakethi ezihambelana nokumiswa ngasemva okanye ukusilela kwezixhobo zonxibelelwano, kufuneka kuhlelwe njengokusilela kwenkqubo yokumiswa, endaweni yokuba yingxaki yenkqubo yamandla. Olu lwazi lulandelayo lusekelwe kwidatha kawonke-wonke enegunya:
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokusilela kwebracket yokumiswa ngasemva/izinto ezinxulumene noko
Ingxolo: Xa uqhuba kwiindlela ezinamaqhuqhuva, i-chassis ikhupha izandi ezithi "clunk", "creak", okanye "thump", ezibangelwa ikakhulu yijeli yerabha egugileyo yengalo yokulawula, isilingi serabha yentonga egugileyo, ijoyinti yebhola ekhululekileyo, okanye ijeli ephezulu ye-shock absorber eyonakeleyo.
Ukungcangcazela komzimba okungaqhelekanga: Ingakumbi xa uqhuba ungenzi nto okanye ngesantya esiphantsi, kuyacaca, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokwaluphala kwebracket yokuxhoma (njenge-sub-frame liner) okubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkxaso, kwaye ukungcangcazela kudluliselwa ngqo emzimbeni.
Ukusingatha izinto ezingaqhelekanga: Kubandakanya ukuphambuka, isiteringi esingazinzanga, kunye nokunyuka kokuqengqeleka ecaleni ngesantya esiphezulu, mhlawumbi okunxulumene nengalo yokulawula ekhululekileyo, intwasahlobo ekhubazekileyo, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwebha yokuzinzisa.
Izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezibonakalayo: Ukuhlolwa kunokubonisa ukuvuza kweoyile kwi-shock absorber, i-spring ephukileyo, i-raber liner eqhekekileyo, okanye i-bracket yesinyithi eguqukileyo.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokungaphumeleli kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokusingatha
Ukuguga kwelayini yerabha (njengesiliva serabha yengalo yokulawula, isiliva serabha yentonga yokulinganisela)
Uphawu: Ingxolo engaqhelekanga, ukuziva ukhululekile kwe-chassis
Unyango: Buyisela isingxobo serabha okanye indibano
Ukuvuza okanye ukungaphumeleli kweoyile yokufunxa umbane
Uphawu: Ukungcangcazela okwandileyo, ukugxuma komzimba okungapheliyo
Unyango: Buyisela i-shock absorber, kwaye ujonge ijeli ephezulu kunye ne-buffer block
Iibholiti zoqhagamshelo ezikhululekileyo
Uphawu: Isandi esithi "clunk" esihlala sihleli, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuqhuba okanye ukubhuleka
Unyango: Qinisa ngokweenkcukacha ze-torque yomzi-mveliso wokuqala Ukusilela kwenkqubo ye-elektroniki (kusebenza kwizithuthi zokumiswa komoya okanye ezixhonyiweyo ezisebenzayo)
Iimpawu: Ideshibhodi ibonisa umyalezo othi "Impazamo yokumiswa", ubude obungaqhelekanga besithuthi
Ukuphatha: Ifuna isixhobo sobuchwephesha sokuhlola ukufunda idatha ye-ECU, ukujonga izinzwa zokuphakama, ii-airbag okanye iiyunithi zolawulo.
Amanyathelo okusebenza acetyiswayo:
Ukuzihlola kwangaphambili: Jonga ukuba i-shock absorber ivuza ioyile, ukuba ispring yaphukile, okanye ukuba iindawo zerabha ziqhekekile; phakamisa imoto ukuze ujonge ukuba i-ball joint kunye ne-bushing zinezikhewu ezicacileyo.
Kuphephe ukuqhubeka nokuqhuba: Ukuba ingxolo engaqhelekanga iyabonakala okanye umzimba wesithuthi uthambekile, yima ngoko nangoko ukuze uthintele umonakalo ongakumbi okanye iingozi ezinokubakho zokhuseleko.
Ukulungiswa kobuchwephesha: Yiya kwindawo yokulungisa eqhelekileyo okanye kwiziko leenkonzo eligunyazisiweyo, sebenzisa izixhobo zobungcali ukwenza uhlolo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo yokumiswa.
Qaphela: Ukuba imoto yimodeli efana neLand Rover, iDiscovery 4 exhotyiswe nge-air suspension, xa ideshibhodi ibonisa "Suspension Fault", musa ukuyiqhekeza ngokwakho; nxibelelana neziko lenkonzo eligunyazisiweyo ukuze uphephe ukonakalisa inkqubo yolawulo lwe-elektroniki.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi okungakumbi, qhubeka ufunda amanye amanqaku kule sayithi!
Nceda usitsalele umnxeba ukuba ufuna iimveliso ezinjalo.
Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzimisele ukuthengisa iMG&MAXUSiinxalenye zeemoto zamkelekile ukuthenga.
