Iqela lentonga yokudibanisa lenziwe ngumzimba wentonga yokudibanisa, isiciko sentloko enkulu yentonga yokudibanisa, isiciko sentloko encinci yentonga yokudibanisa, isihlahla sentloko enkulu yokudibanisa kunye nebholti yentonga yokudibanisa (okanye isikrufu), njl. Iqela lentonga yokudibanisa liphantsi kwamandla egesi avela kwiphini yepiston, ukushukuma kwayo kunye namandla e-inertia aphindaphindayo eqela lepiston. Ubukhulu kunye nolwalathiso lwala mandla zitshintshwa rhoqo. Ke ngoko, intonga yokudibanisa iphantsi koxinzelelo, uxinzelelo kunye neminye imithwalo etshintshanayo. Unxibelelwano kufuneka lube namandla aneleyo okudinwa kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo. Amandla okudinwa awanelanga, adla ngokubangela ukuqhekeka komzimba wentonga yokudibanisa okanye ibholti yentonga yokudibanisa, kwaye emva koko kubangele umonakalo omkhulu kumatshini wonke. Ukuba ukuqina akwanelanga, kuya kubangela ukuguquka komzimba wentonga kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-decircular kwentloko enkulu yentonga yokudibanisa, okukhokelela ekugayweni okuncinci kwepiston, isilinda, ibheyari kunye ne-crank pin.
Umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa wenziwe ngamacandelo amathathu, kwaye inxalenye edibene nephini yepiston ibizwa ngokuba yintloko encinci yentonga yokudibanisa; inxalenye edibene ne-crankshaft ibizwa ngokuba yintloko yentonga yokudibanisa, kwaye inxalenye yentonga edibanisa intloko encinci kunye nentloko enkulu ibizwa ngokuba yinduku yentonga yokudibanisa.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuguguleka phakathi kwentonga yokudibanisa kunye nephini yepiston, ibhulorho enodonga oluncinci icinezelwa kumngxuma omncinci wentloko. Yibhoboze okanye uyigaye imingxunya kwiintloko ezincinci kunye neebhulorho ukuze i-splash ingene kumphezulu wokudibana kwephini yepiston ne-bush.
Umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa yinduku ende, amandla asebenzayo nawo makhulu, ukuze kuthintelwe ukuguquka kwayo, umzimba wentonga kufuneka ube nokuqina okwaneleyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa yenjini yesithuthi ikakhulu usebenzisa icandelo eli-1 elimile okwelo. Icandelo eli-1 elimile okwelo linganciphisa ubunzima phantsi kwemeko yokuqina namandla aneleyo. Icandelo eli-H elimile okwelo lisetyenziselwa injini enamandla aphezulu. Ezinye iinjini zisebenzisa intonga yokudibanisa enentloko encinci ukufaka ioyile ukupholisa i-piston. Imingxunya kufuneka igqojwe ngobude emzimbeni wentonga. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxinana koxinzelelo, umzimba wentonga yokudibanisa kunye nentloko encinci kunye nentloko enkulu ziqhagamshelwe ngotshintsho olugudileyo lwe-arc enkulu.
Ukuze kuncitshiswe ukungcangcazela kwenjini, umahluko wobunzima bentonga yokudibanisa yesilinda nganye kufuneka ulinganiselwe kuluhlu oluncinci. Xa kuhlanganiswa injini efektri, igram ngokubanzi ithathwa njengeyunithi yokulinganisa ngokwesixa sentloko esezantsi yentonga yokudibanisa, kwaye iqela elifanayo lentonga yokudibanisa likhethwa kwinjini efanayo.
Kwinjini yohlobo lwe-V, ii-cylinders ezihambelanayo kwiikholamu zasekhohlo nasekunene zabelana nge-crank pin, kwaye intonga yokudibanisa ineentlobo ezintathu: intonga yokudibanisa ehambelanayo, intonga yokudibanisa yefolokhwe kunye nentonga yokudibanisa ephambili nencedisayo.
